Abstract The westerly wind burst (WWB) in the equatorial Pacific strongly impacts on genesis and diversity of El Niño, as manifested by its crucial role 2014–2016 Niño events. However, origin WWB is still far from clear, rendering prediction, a persistently challenging task. Here we confirm robust linkage between tropical cyclone (TC) set observational reanalysis data. Specifically, about 69% WWBs were closely associated with TCs western Pacific, three‐dimensional structure highly resembled...

Abstract The positive phase of the Pacific meridional mode (PMM) is closely related to onset El Niño. Previous studies have indicated that sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in central equatorial (CEP) during spring and summer PMM years primarily originate from northeastern tropical (NETP) via wind–evaporation–SST feedback. We review evolution find weak evidence support such a linkage. Coupled model experiments show PMM-regressed SSTAs NETP only account for ∼24% those CEP winter...

Abstract Whether the state-of-the-art CMIP5 models have different El Niño types and how degree of modeled diversity would be impacted by future global warming are still heavily debated. In this study, cluster analysis is used to investigate in 30 models. As method does not rely on any prior knowledge patterns seen observations, it provides a practical way identify Under historical scenario, most show poor their own model world, primarily due lopsided numbers events belonging two weak...

Abstract Case studies have shown that the East Asian cold surge (CS) in winter exerts considerable impact on development of El Niño by changing surface wind over western equatorial Pacific. However, a statistical assessment conditions under which CS is more likely to make such an lacking. Our analysis shows can be divided into two types with respect their prevailing area. The type passing through South China Sea rarely influences owing blocking and friction effects from high mountains...

This study evaluates the relationship between Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and occurrence of equatorial Pacific westerly wind bursts (WWBs). During convective MJO phase, anomalous surface westerlies prevail in west center, providing favorable conditions for WWBs. Compared with probability WWBs expected under a null hypothesis that occur randomly, phase almost doubles WWB occurring. Nevertheless, only 34.46% co-occur MJO, which is much less than reported previous studies. We show when are...

Abstract The relatively weak sea surface temperature bias in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) simulated coupled general circulation model (CGCM) from recently released CMIP6 has been found to be important simulations of regional and global climate. However, cause is debated because strongly dependent shows marked seasonality. In this study, we separate CGCMs into arising oceanic GCMs (OGCMs) that independent OGCMs using a set OMIP6 models. We contribute little mixed layer CGCMs....

Evaluating the hydrological application of reanalysis datasets is practical importance for design water resources management and flood controlling facilities in regions with sparse meteorological data. This paper compared a new dataset named CMADS gauge observations investigated performance on daily streamflow, evapotranspiration, soil moisture content simulations. The results show that: can represent elements including precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed reasonably...

Alternate partial root-zone irrigation has profound impacts on the crop uptake of residual nitrogen originated from previous season.

Climate change and anthropogenic activities do collectively lead to an alteration of the flow regime, posing a great influence upon structure persistence native biotic communities within river ecosystems. The range variability approach (RVA) method is commonly used evaluate regime alteration. However, it was reported underestimate degree potentially. In this study, two new assessment methods/metrics for evaluating process behaviors are developed based on Euclidean distance dynamic time...

Abstract Common biases of climate models in simulating sea surface temperature (SST) greatly limit our understanding future change. The cold SST bias the northwestern Pacific (NWP), one most distinct and persistent all generations models, was previously attributed to local remote influences Atlantic Oceans, but has never been related Indian Ocean. By analyzing simulations from 52 state‐of‐the‐art CMIP6 a series model experiments, we find strong NWP is primarily caused by weak tropical Ocean...

The relatively weak sea surface temperature bias in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) simulated coupledgeneral circulation model (CGCM) from recently released CMIP6 has been found to be important simulationsof regional and global climate. However, cause of is debated because strongly modeldependent shows marked seasonality. In this study, we separate CGCMs into arising oceanicGCMs (OGCMs) that independent OGCMs using a set OMIP6 models. We thatOGCMs contribute little mixed layer CGCMs....

Abstract Tropical disturbances frequently occur over the South China Sea and western Pacific from May to October. Less than half of them can intensify into tropical cyclones, with majority remaining nondeveloping. This study reveals that nondeveloping low‐level within easterly wind belt also cause heavy rainfall northern (NSCS, 110°E–120°E, 15°N–20°N) in autumn. Based on a event September 2021, physical mechanisms intensified disturbance‐induced NSCS are investigated. The disturbance at 850...

A new method is developed in this paper to determine the parameters of Nash runoff model. As developing geomorphology, Rodriguez-Iturbe et al. have relationship between geomorphologic and model parameters. In digital elevation (DEM) introduced derive parameters, then run off model's are deduced. This used Yanduhe catchment, a tributary Changjiang watershed. The result show that calculated modeled well measured runoff. So there conclusion can be ungauged basins NASH

Urban flood control layout, based on which urban engineering projects are constructed, will be synthetically evaluated taking into consideration the social, political, economic, environmental and technical factors involved in different levels. Furthermore, a hierarchical structure model for layout is presented this paper. Then grey-AHP proposed analytic process (AHP) Grey system theory, by of multiple-objective programming problem can simplified single-objective system. Results from an...

Allowing for catchment hydrological effect due to spatial variability of precipitation and underlying topography, the is divided into a number basic units concentration flow within only one channel link by method natural divide. The unit regarded as V-shaped structure, distributed watershed model built on series catchment. In model, geomophologic instantaneous nit hydrograph based area-time curve methodology used simulate overlanflow concentration, Musking mothodology river flood routing....