Interface carrier recombination currently hinders the performance of hybrid organic-silicon heterojunction solar cells for high-efficiency low-cost photovoltaics. Here, we introduce an intermediate 1,1-bis[(di-4-tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC) layer into based on silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and conjugate polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The highest power conversion efficiency reaches a record 13.01%, which is largely ascribed to modified...

Indium–tin–oxide nanowhiskers were employed as transparent electrodes in a liquid-crystal terahertz phase shifter. Transmittance of the device was high ∼75%. Phase shift exceeding π/2 at 1.0 THz is achieved ∼500 μm-thick cell. The driving voltage required for operating quarter-wave plate low 17.68 V (rms), an improvement nearly order magnitude over previous work.

Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanorods (NRs) and nanowhiskers (NWhs) were fabricated by an electron-beam glancing-angle deposition (GLAD) system. These nanomaterials are of interests as transparent conducting electrodes in various devices. Two terahertz (THz) time-domain spectrometers (TDS) with combined spectral coverage from 0.15 to 9.00 THz used. allow accurate determination the optical electrical properties such ITO frequency range 0.20 4.00 THz. Together Fourier transform infrared...

Emerging high-performance computing needs in data center, autonomous vehicle, and mobile device processors demand increasingly large peak currents at scaled-CMOS-compatible voltages (<1V). To ease otherwise high <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{I}^{2}\mathrm{R}$</tex> losses power delivery (PD), most applications now target system-level voltage busses (e.g., 20V) prior to arriving the processor load. However,...

In this paper, we propose a fully-integrated reconfigurable charge pump in 0.18-μm CMOS process; converter is applicable for self-powered Internet-of-Things applications. The proposed uses two-dimensional frequency modulation technique, which combines both the pulse-frequency (PFM) and pulse-skip (PSM) techniques. PFM technique adjusts operating of according to variations load current, PSM regulates output voltage. can improve overall power conversion efficiency response time under light...

In this article, a reconfigurable capacitive power converter with capacitance redistribution for indoor light-powered batteryless Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices is presented. The proposed capable of redistributing the among two charge pump stages to efficiently utilize harvested energy and further powering milliwatt-powered loading circuits occasionally. Moreover, storing reusing cope demand under different operating modes. first stage stores excessive produced by photovoltaic (PV) cell...

We have investigated tunable terahertz (THz) phase shifters that are based on a sandwiched liquid crystal (LC) cell with indium–tin–oxide (ITO) nanowhiskers (NWhs) as transparent electrodes. More than 360° of shift at 1.0 THz was achieved driving voltage low ~2.6 V (rms). This is approximately 40 times smaller reported in previous works using an electrically tuned LC device. Significance the NWhs reducing required demonstrated. Overall transmittance device high 30%, which accountable by...

A 110-180 GHz broadband amplifier with 10 dB small signal gain is developed in 65-nm CMOS process. The of this 19 at 170 GHz. To the authors' knowledge, first covering full D-band. This paper proposes a design method to determine minimal amount cascade stages desirable performance. In order enhance bandwidth, impedance transformation technique using trans-impedance stage also discussed. topology proposed circuit has 4-stage single-ended cascode and one stage, total chip size 0.37mm <sup...

Virtual reality presents exciting new opportunities for e-commerce with regard to the development of innovative shopping services. This article reports on an experimental investigation into coordinated use two human-computer interfaces (HCIs) online shopping: virtual (VR) and webpages. We adopted uses gratification theory technology acceptance model determine how these HCIs affect intentions. Data from 98 participants revealed that entertainment value, informativeness, perceived ease-of-use,...

A dc-80 GHz compact distributed amplifier (DA) with 15-dB small signal gain is developed in 40-nm CMOS digital process. The circuit architecture based on the conventional DA (CDA) cell of cascaded single-stage (CSSDA). In order to minimize chip size, artificial transmission-line sections are implemented microstrip-line instead coplanar-waveguide (CPW), and inter-digital capacitors optimized for broadband response. This performs 450-GHz gain-bandwidth (GBW) product under 90-mW dc-power only...

This letter proposes a fully integrated step-down switched-capacitor (SC) DC-DC converter using 0.18-μm CMOS technology for system-on-chip applications. The proposed used two control mechanisms: the switch array modulation technique to regulate output voltage and ripple adjust of as loading current varied. As result, could generate regulated with low ripple. core performed at conversion ratios 1/3 1/2 under an input 1.8 V. measurement results on 180-nm showed that achieve peak power...

We have developed an extended gate field-effect-transistor (EGFET)-based carbon dioxide (CO2) sensing system with a packaged Ti/Ag/AgCl/KCl-gel microreference electrode using microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The total dimensions of the proposed CO2 are only 2.8×1.5×0.1 cm, which is approximately 30 times smaller than conventional (including commercial Ag/AgCl RE). All manufacturing processes adopted in this work compatible standard planar technology and very suitable for...

This letter presents a redistributable capacitive power converter for batteryless optically powered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. The proposed employs two-stage charge pump along with storage capacitor to milliwatt order low-power RF amplifier occasionally using indoor light illumination. first stage tracks the maximum point of photovoltaic (PV) cell and stores energy capacitor. second further boosts output 1.5 V voltage regulation. is composed 16 1.5×/2× reconfigurable submodules...

Mobile WiMAX, based on IEEE 802.16e, has been developed and is expected to be commercialized in late 2008 or early 2009. To further improve the system performance, spatial division multiple access (SDMA) enabled by adaptive antenna (AAS) considered. In this paper, relative performance improvement of SDMA mobile WiMAX investigated. Results show that AAS-enabled can effectively throughput capacity especially high interference environment.

Hybrid organic-inorganic heterojunction solar cells based on silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaics owing to potentials low fabrication cost and high efficiency. The SiNW array, fabricated by a simple metal-assisted wet chemical etching method, produces large surface-area-to-volume ratio, hence allowing efficient light harvesting charge collection via the formation of core-sheath p-n junction. However, previously reported power conversion...

This paper presents a fully integrated CMOS light-powering system, integrating photovoltaic cell and energy harvesting interface, for batteryless internet of things (IoT). The employs deep N-well (DNW) based structure to improve the light-electric conversion efficiency. interface utilizes two-stage switched-capacitor dc-dc converter provide an appropriate output voltage load circuits. It provides 1 V 0.9-1.1 under light heavy load, respectively. chip is designed fabricated by 180-nm process,...

Hybrid solar cells combining organic polymers and inorganic semiconductors are extensively investigated recently due to relatively inexpensive cost simple fabrication processes. In this work, we demonstrate organic/inorganic hybrid heterojunction based on gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate conjugated polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). First performed a one-dimensional device simulation self-consistent Poisson drift-diffusion solver survey the band...

In this paper, a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitor fabricated by using solution-based poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-Chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)) terpolymer as dielectric material was proposed. Dielectric properties of P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) such high-k constant and low leakage current were demonstrated from the experimental results. The characterizations dielectrics various thicknesses widely investigated. Notably, there is thickness dependent...

We propose a series-connected hybrid tandem solar cell which consists of an organic (P3HT/PCBM) as the top and organic/crystalline silicon (PEDOT:PSS/c-Si nanowires) bottom cell. Based on device structure, materials can be directly spun-cast onto inorganic substrate with thermally evaporated metal contacts, making solution-based processes possible for rapid low-cost production. With proper design, architecture achieve high open-circuit voltage junction-matched photocurrent, offering...

Based on the ITO nanowhiskers (NWhs) as transparent electrodes, we demonstrate new scheme of terahertz (THz) phase shifter which can be applied at pretty low driving voltage, and with outstanding transmittance.