A5074263116- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Dermatological diseases and infestations
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
2015-2024
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2013-2016
Oslo University Hospital
2010
University of Bergen
2002
Neisseria gonorrhoeae has developed resistance to most of the available therapeutic antimicrobials. The susceptibility extended-spectrum cephalosporins, last remaining first-line treatment option, is decreasing globally. This report describes first two cases outside Japan verified gonorrhoea clinical failures using internationally recommended cefixime treatment. Enhanced awareness and more frequent follow-up examination, test-of-cure appropriate verification/falsification presumed failures,...
Background Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have the potential to prevent pneumococcal disease through direct and indirect protection. This multicentre European study estimated effects of 5-year childhood PCV10 and/or PCV13 programmes on invasive (IPD) in older adults across 13 sites 10 countries, support decision-making vaccination policies. Methods For each site we calculated IPD incidence rate ratios (IRR) people aged ≥65 years by serotype for PCV10/13 year (2011–2015) compared with...
We evaluated invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) during 8 years of infant conjugate vaccine (PCV) programs using 10-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) vaccines in 10 countries Europe. IPD incidence declined 2011-2014 but increased 2015-2018 all age groups. From the 7-valent PCV period to 2018, by 42% children <5 age, 32% persons 5-64 7% >65 age; non-PCV13 serotype 111%, 63%, 84%, respectively, for these Trends were similar PCV13 or PCV10, despite different distribution. In serotypes...
IntroductionPertussis outbreaks have occurred in several industrialised countries using acellular pertussis vaccines (ACVs) since the 1990s. High prevalence of pertactin (PRN)-deficient Bordetella isolates has been found these countries.AimsTo evaluate Europe: (i) whether proportions PRN-deficient strains increased consecutive collections B. clinical isolates; (ii) if frequency correlated with time ACV introduction; (iii) presence toxin (PT)-, filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA)- or fimbriae...
As with other pathogens, competitive interactions between Bordetella pertussis strains drive infection risk. Vaccines are thought to perturb strain diversity through shifts in immune pressures; however, this has rarely been measured because of inadequate data and analytical tools. We used 3344 sequences from 23 countries show that, on average, there 28.1 transmission chains circulating within a subnational region, the number strongly associated host population size. It took 5 10 years for B....
ABSTRACT In July 2006, the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in Norway with a reduced (2 doses + 1 boost) dose schedule. Post-PCV7 shifts reservoirs were assessed by two point prevalence studies of nasopharyngeal colonization among children day care centers, before (2006) and after (2008) widespread use PCV7. Nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from 1,213 children, 611 2006 602 2008. A total 1,102 isolates recovered. Serotyping, multilocus sequence typing,...
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Despite more than 50 years of vaccination, pertussis is still an endemic disease, with regular epidemic outbreaks. With the exception Poland, European countries have replaced whole-cell vaccines (WCVs) by acellular (ACVs) in 1990s. Worldwide, antigenic divergence vaccine antigens has been found between strains and circulating strains. In this work, 466 Bordetella isolates collected period 1998–2012 from 13 were characterised multi-locus antigen sequence typing (MAST) toxin promoter (ptxP)...
Serotype-specific surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is essential assessing the impact of 10- and 13-valent conjugate vaccines (PCV10/13). The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project aimed to evaluate global evidence estimate PCV10/13 by age, product, schedule, syndrome. Here we systematically characterize summarize landscape routine serotype-specific IPD in PCV10/13-using countries describe subset that are included PSERENADE. Of 138...
Abstract Reported incidence of pertussis in the European Union (EU) and Economic Area (EEA) varies may not reflect real situation, while vaccine-induced protection against diphtheria tetanus seems sufficient. We aimed to determine seroprevalence DTP antibodies EU/EEA countries within age groups 40–49 50–59 years. Eighteen collected around 500 samples between 2015 2018 (N = 10,302) which were analysed for IgG-DTP specific antibodies. The proportion sera with toxin antibody levels ≥100 IU/mL,...
Widespread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has reduced vaccine-type invasive disease (IPD). We describe the serotype distribution IPD after extensive ten-valent PCV (PCV10; Synflorix, GSK) and 13-valent (PCV13; Prevenar 13, Pfizer) globally. data were obtained from surveillance sites participating in WHO-commissioned Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project that exclusively used PCV10 or PCV13 (hereafter sites, respectively) their national...
Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage is often asymptomatic but can cause invasive pneumococcal disease. Pneumococcal a prerequisite for disease, with children as main reservoir and transmitters. Childhood therefore be used to determine which serotypes circulate in the population may disease non-vaccinated population. In 2006, conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced into Norwegian Immunisation Programme, replaced by more valent PCV13 2011. We investigated changes prevalence 4...
Shifts in the pneumococcal population colonizing healthy children are expected after switching from a 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) to 13-valent (PCV13) childhood immunization program. We assessed effects of switch by comparing carriage and serotype genetic diversity pneumococci carried PCV13-era with those prevaccination-era PCV7-era.Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained autumn 2013 attending day-care centers (874 swabs, 583 isolates). Serotyping, multilocus sequence typing antimicrobial...
Epidemics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae have recently been reported from England and Wales Denmark. A similar increase in M. infections was noted Norway late autumn 2011.The epidemic has resulted shortage erythromycin the use alternative antibiotics recommended.
The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced into the Norwegian Childhood Immunization Program in 2006. A substantial effectiveness of PCV7 immunization against invasive disease has been demonstrated, whereas evidence its impact on respiratory tract infections are less consistent.This study included children participating Mother and Child Cohort Study, which recruited pregnant women between 1999 2008. Maternal report acute otitis media (AOM), lower (LRTIs) asthma child...