The hydroxymethylation of alkali lignin with formaldehyde in alkaline solution was studied. influence reaction conditions the followed by modifying temperature, time, and ratios NaOH to CH2O lignin. Three different types were utilized. total consumption formaldehyde, resulting products characterized through FTIR-spectra, thermogravimetry analysis, ash moisture contents, as well amounts OH groups.

The chemical modification of lignin through hydroxymethylation and epoxidation is a way to develop new application fields improvement performances. In this paper the influence reaction conditions was studied using different samples unmodified modified lignins from annual plants (Wheat straw Sarkanda grass). progress reactions monitored by evaluating epoxy index. resulting products were characterized FTIR-spectra, UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetry analysis. obtained tested be used in...

Cellolignin, a by-product from the wood processing industry, was studied as new, eco-friendly adsorbent for removal of methylene blue cationic dye aqueous solutions, using batch adsorption procedure. Experimental data were processed in order to study equilibrium, thermodynamics, and kinetics onto cellolignin. Between two isotherm models (Freundlich Langmuir) Langmuir model better described equilibrium at temperatures higher than 25 °C; mean free energy (E) values obtained...

In this work, a green technique for bioactive compounds extraction from different vegetative organs (leaves, flowers, seeds, stem and root) of Datura innoxia, assisted by ultrasound (UAE), was performed using ethanol 1-butanol as solvents. The chemical compositions the extracts quantitative determination alkaloids (scopolamine) were investigated methods: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrophotometry (FL), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy gas...

In this work, the use of an agro-industrial waste, i.e., sunflower seed shells, was investigated as a sorbent for removal Orange 16 reactive dye from aqueous environments. Batch experiments were performed function pH, dose, concentration, temperature and contact time. The percent increased with increasing dose solution, decreased concentration; required time five hours. Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich Tempkin adsorption isotherms used to describe equilibrium sorption data...

Abstract This study investigates structural and adsorption properties of the powdered waste shells Rapana gastropod their use as a new cheap adsorbent to remove reactive dye Brilliant Red HE‐3B from aqueous solutions under batch conditions. For powder characterization, solubility tests in acidic X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform IR (FT‐IR) thermogravimetric analyses were performed. The results revealed that...

Chitosan is an abundant renewable biopolymer, insufficiently valorized, which suitable for the development of sustainable and fully biobased materials. In this study, we combined it with resorcinol diglycidyl ether, a monoaromatic diepoxide. Formulations high chitosan content up to 44 wt % were investigated showed reactivity appropriate intervals polymerization, ranging from 75 125 or 155 °C. The in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confirmed that two compounds...

Abstract A cheap and efficient fibrous hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) sorbent was obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of Romanian fibres. Scanning electronic microscopy infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the product confirm its functionalization. The adsorptive potential proposed for reactive dye Brilliant Red HE-3B removal from aqueous solutions pH=2 examined batch technique as a function concentration, temperature solution contact time. Freundlich, Langmuir...

Abstract The biosorption Brilliant Red HE-3B reactive dye by nonliving biomass, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in batch procedure was investigated. Equilibrium experimental data were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin — Radushkevich isotherm models obtained capacity about 104.167 mg g−1 at 20°C. process followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. multi-linearity of Weber-Morris plot suggests presence two main steps influencing process: intraparticle diffusion (pore diffusion),...

In order to understand the adsorption process mechanism and evaluate adsorptive properties of citrus powder, equilibrium, thermodynamic, kinetic anionic reactive dye Orange 16 on powder orange seeds were studied using different theoretical models. The equilibrium data analyzed by Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models revealed that Langmuir model best describes sorption processes. monolayer capacity 1,111.11 mg/g reached at 25°C values mean free energy (E) obtained from...

Abstract Cd(II) plus iodide species were extracted into PEG-rich phases in the aqueous PEG(1550)-(NH4)2SO4 system at pH 2.05–7.12. IR spectra show that increasing (NH4)2SO4 solution acidity does not protonate PEG ether oxygen atoms, but decreases water content phases. Metallic species’ extraction predominantly alters how molecules bind to polymer chains; changes their absorption bands depend on pH. Microscopy shows “fixation” of metal phase occurs by specific interactions which species....

The adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solution onto lignin was investigated in this study. Thus, the influence initial pH, dosage, Pb(II) ion concentration and contact time were at room temperature (19 ± 0.5 °C) a batch system. Adsorption equilibrium approached within 30 min. kinetic data could be well described by pseudo-second-order model, while fitted using Langmuir isotherm model. A maximum capacity 32.36 mg/g observed. results study indicate that has potential to become an...

Abstract The sorptive potential of some lignocellulosic agro-industrial wastes (sunflower seed shells and corn cob) for Basic Blue 9 cationic dye removal from aqueous solutions was examined using the batch technique. Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used in order to determine quantitative parameters sorption. Langmuir model indicated a maximum sorption capacity these materials range 40–50 mg per g (25°C), slightly higher cob than sunflower shells. values...

Selective separation of vitamin C from the mixture with 2-ketogluconic acid (the main byproduct fermentation process) by reactive extraction using Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in dichloromethane has been analyzed. The mechanism interfacial reaction pointed out that, indifferent pH value, only one molecule or and extractant react at interface, resulting product being a hydrophobic ammonium salt. obtained results indicated that it is possible to separate modifying aqueous phase pH.

The non-toxic and biodegradable nature of chitosan makes it a valuable resource offering promising opportunities in the development bio-based materials with enhanced mechanical thermal properties. In this work, combination epoxidized linseed oil, oxalic or citric acids, (CHI) as curing accelerator presents an attractive strategy to create sustainable thermosetting materials. This article aims provide comprehensive exploration systems reactivities, characteristics, performance evaluation...

The use of biomass mixtures as a feedstock in the production pellets requires optimization percentages components, since interactions occur during combustion between components forming blend (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose), affecting characteristics such calorific value, ash content, fine fraction bulk density, mechanical durability. Our study focuses on assessment quality produced from blends generated pruning seabuckthorn blackberry mixed with wheat straw. results literature data...

The potential of waste seashells powder, as a new adsorbent for Brilliant Red HE-3B reactive dye removal from aqueous solutions, was examined by the batch technique. Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption models were applied to describe equilibrium sorption data determine corresponding isotherm constants. values thermodynamic parameters, ΔG, ΔH, ΔS, indicate that is spontaneous endothermic process. kinetic evaluated pseudo-first order, pseudo-second intraparticle diffusion...

This study's main objective was the dissolution of cellulose from biomass using ionic liquids to obtain saccharides by prehydrolysis.Raw materials were exposed (ILs) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium and 3-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-imidazolium bromide at 105 °C for 6 h.The sugar content liquid phase characterized high-performance chromatography (HPLC).The vegetal after treatments Fourier transform...

The renewable sources of energy represent a viable alternative for satisfying the energetic needs humanity in case fossil fuels reserves are exhausted, which is estimated to occur maximum 25 years if current rate exploitation maintained.Nowadays, there several concerns about valorization potential these resources (wind, water flows, solar, geothermal etc.), but also series extremely beneficial practical uses (i.e.wind parks, photovoltaic cells systems, production biofuels -biogas, organic...