People preferentially attend to external stimuli that are related themselves compared with others. Whether a similar self-reference bias applies internal representations, such as those maintained in working memory (WM), is presently unknown. We tested this possibility four experiments, which participants were first trained associate social labels (self, friend, stranger) arbitrary colors and then performed delayed match-to-sample spatial WM task on color locations. Participants consistently...

Humans show a pervasive bias for processing self- over other-related information, including in working memory (WM), where people prioritize the maintenance of (over other-) associated cues. To elucidate neural mechanisms underlying this self-bias, we paired versus other-associated spatial WM task with fMRI and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) human participants both sexes. Maintaining cues resulted enhanced activity classic regions (frontoparietal cortex), superior multivoxel...

Abstract Self-referential information can reduce the congruency effect by acting as a signal to enhance cognitive control. However, it cannot be denied that self-referential attract and hold attention. To investigate this issue, study used revised Stroop task recorded behavioral electrophysiological data from thirty-three participants. We combined event-related potential (ERP) multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) examine neural correlates of processing conflict processing. In results,...

Self-esteem is an affective, self-evaluation of oneself and has a significant effect on mental behavioral health. Although research focused the neural substrates self-esteem, little known about spontaneous brain activity that associated with trait self-esteem (TSE) during resting state. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) state connectivity (RSFC) to identify TSE-related regions networks. We...

We investigated if emotion regulation can be improved through self-regulation training on non-emotional brain regions, as well how to change the networks implicated in this process. During period, participants were instructed up-regulate their right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) activity according real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neurofeedback signals, and there was no emotional element. The results showed that significantly increased regulation,...

The human ability to flexibly alternate between tasks (i.e., task-switching) represents a critical component of cognitive control. Many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have explored the neural basis task-switching. However, no study date has examined how individual differences in intrinsic architecture brain are related that In present study, we took 11 task-switching relevant areas from meta-analysis as regions interests (ROIs) and estimated their connectivity (iFC)...

Abstract Empirical evidence on error processing comes from the comparison between errors and correct responses in general, but essential differences may exist different types. Typically, cognitive control tasks elicit without conflicts (congruent errors) with (incongruent errors), which employ monitoring adjustment mechanisms. However, neural indicators that distinguish both types remain unclear. To solve this issue, behavioral electrophysiological data were measured while subjects performed...

Reward plays a crucial role in enhancing response inhibition. While it is generally assumed that the process of inhibition involves attentional capture and stopping action, unclear whether this reflects direct impact reward on or rather an indirect mediation via capture. Here, we employed revised stop-signal task (SST) separated these two cognitive elements, by including continue signal required same motor as go trials, but also attention to cue, stop trials. We first confirmed engagement...

Abstract The prefrontal cortex is responsible for emotional conflict resolution and this control mechanism affected by the valence of distracting stimuli. In present study, we investigated effects negative positive stimuli on using a face-word Stroop task in combination with functional brain imaging. Emotional was absent face context, accordance null activation observed areas regarding processing (fusiform area, middle temporal/occipital gyrus). Importantly, these visual negatively coupled...

The ability to flexibly switch between tasks is considered an important component of cognitive control that involves frontal and parietal cortical areas. present study was designed characterize network dynamics across multiple brain regions during task switching.Functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI) were captured a standard rule-switching identify switching-related regions. Multiregional psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis used examine effective connectivity these...

Abstract Conflict adaptation is considered to reflect the adjustment of cognitive control, and it critical for adaptive behavior. Despite intensive investigations on conflict adaptation, straightforward evidence how changes in strength influence behavioral neural dynamics remains scarce. To address this issue, we manipulated by varying distractor–target congruency investigate whether per se or expectancy triggers control. Behavioral electroencephalographic (EEG) measures were recorded while...

摘要:

Self-representations guide and shape our thoughts behaviour. People usually exhibit inherent biases in perception, attention, memory to favour the information associated with themselves over that others. The present study explored phenomenon of self-bias working (WM), specifically how self-referential processing impacts WM precision. Four precision-based experiments were conducted assess recall precision items other social agents. findings revealed a robust self-prioritisation effect...

The conflict monitoring theory posits that the simultaneous activation of incompatible responses in current trial leads to response conflict. Conflict occurrence signals enhance attention target stimulus, reduce distracting stimuli, and ultimately lead adaptation (i.e., reduced interference effect after trials compared nonconflict trials). However, this does not explicitly assume whether involvement execution is necessary process occurrence. Research on negative emotion suggests even absence...

个体能更快地根据奖赏信息做出抑制反应。实验 2 结果表明, 在信号监测任务中, 个体能更 加快速地监测到与当前抑制状态相冲突且和奖赏相关的反应信号, 据此可认为奖赏通过增强对相关信号的监测, 有助于个体更早地启动奖赏刺激信号所对应的反应, 更高效地控制冲突。实验 3 结果说明, 当任务难度增大, 注意 资源损耗, 奖赏相关信号的反应时和正确率仍优于无奖赏信号, 说明注意资源的分配可以调节相关信号的监测速 度。总体来看, 本研究通过一系列实验表明, 以目标为导向的行为发生过程中, 奖赏能有效提升认知控制效率, 其 关键机制在于通过注意资源分配增强相关信号的监测。

<p indent=0mm>In the everyday life, internal goals guide us to focus on task-relevant information but inhibit task-irrelevant that however could not be completely filtered out. Here, cognitive control is required drive attention in accordance with goals. As an important phenomenon field of control, conflict adaptation refers adaptability goal-guided behaviors, which great significance for individuals adapt ever-changing environments. In lab, indexed by a reduced after trials (i.e., Trial...