Witches'-broom disease of lime (WBDL) caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia' is a devastating in the Sultanate Oman, United Arab Emirates, and southern Iran. The primarily affects (Citrus aurantifolia), but Iran, it also found bakraee, natural C. reticulata hybrid. has been experimentally transmitted from to several citrus cultivars grafting number herbaceous hosts dodder. However, vector 'Ca. P. not determined. most common phloem-feeding insect associated with trees area leafhopper...

In 2001, a disease tentatively named Iranian cabbage yellows (ICY) was observed in fields of Zarghan (Fars Province, Iran). The major symptoms the were yellowing, little leaves, plant stunting, opening head, and proliferation buds at base stem into witches'-broom. Among leafhoppers collected fields, only Circulifer haematoceps transmitted ICY agent. agent by leafhopper from to cabbage, cauliflower, rape, periwinkle, causing phytoplasma-type these plants. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using...

The immunodominant membrane protein Imp of several phytoplasmas within the ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ (16Sr‐II) group was investigated. Eighteen isolates from Iran (11), East Asia (5), Africa (1) and Australia clustered into three phylogenetic subgroups (A, B C) based on 16S rDNA imp genes, regardless geographic origin. gene sequences were variable, with more non‐synonymous than synonymous mutations (68 vs 20, respectively), even though many ones (75%) produced conservative amino...

Symptoms of rapeseed phyllody were observed in fields Fars, Ghazvin, Isfahan, Kerman and Yazd provinces Iran. Circulifer haematoceps leafhoppers testing positive for phytoplasma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) successfully transmitted a isolate from Zarghan (Fars province) to healthy plants directly after collection the field or acquisition feeding on infected greenhouse. The disease agent was by same leafhopper rape periwinkle, sesame, stock, mustard, radish rocket causing phytoplasma-type...

Phytoplasmas associated with lettuce phyllody (LP) and wild (WLP) in southern Iran were partially characterized by molecular analyses host‐range studies. Agents of both diseases transmitted Neoaliturus fenestratus , a leafhopper colonizing lettuce, to sowthistle periwinkle, but not safflower, sunflower, calendula sesame. Both phytoplasmas induced bud proliferation, virescence, witches’ broom infected plants. Total DNA extracted from or vector tissues was subjected PCR using...

Witches'-broom disease of lime (WBDL), caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia', has devastated many Mexican orchards and is currently a threat to production in neighboring provinces southern Iran. Several reports have suggested transmission spread WBDL phytoplasma through the seed infected plants. In present study, claims this were examined. Fruit collected from trees infested areas Minab (Hormozgan Province) symptomless noninfested areas. Lime witches'-broom-affected sown separate...

Abstract Phytoplasmas of the group 16SrII (peanut witches'‐broom group) are among most important phytoplasmas identified in Iran. These so diverse that they have been classified within 23 subgroups, which subgroups 16SrII‐B, ‐C and ‐D recognised In this study, we used multilocus sequence analysis as a tool to find extent genetic diversity phylogeny representative Iran comparison reference phytoplasma strains characterised elsewhere. The genes were 16S rRNA, secY , rplV ‐ rpsC imp...

Bell pepper, also known as sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum), is an important economic vegetable in Iran. In February 2015, typical symptoms of phytoplasma disease, including yellowing, big bud, little leaf and virescence were observed bell plants different areas Hormozgan province, Iran (Fig. 1). Total DNA was extracted separately from five symptom-bearing two symptomless using the CTAB method. Samples analysed for detection by PCR universal primer pair P1/P7 (Deng & Hiruki, 2; Schneider et...

During a survey in 2003, safflower plants (Carthamus tinctorius) with phyllody symptoms were observed production fields several districts of Fars and Yazd provinces Iran. Affected showed floral virescence, phyllody, proliferation axillary buds, little leaf symptoms. Incidence the disease was less than 10%. Direct nested PCR assays used to verify association phytoplasma disease. Total DNA extracted from fresh, fine roots eight phyllody-affected one symptomless plant. With universal primer...

Almond witches’ broom associated with ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium’ is an economically important disease of almond in Iran and Lebanon. During surveys 2012–2015, apricot yellows was observed Fars Province Iran. The characteristic symptoms the were leaf yellowing, inward curl, scorch margins, shortened internodes, production rosettes at tips branches, decline, stunting, death affected trees. Healthy bitter seedlings, grafted shoots from symptomatic trees, exhibited phytoplasma-type...

Petunia hybrida (Solanaceae) is an economically important ornamental plant species that used in residential and commercial landscapes. Varieties are diverse available a range of colours (Abu-Qaoud et al, 1; Hiuts 3). In July 2012, symptoms witches' broom, yellowing, little leaf, phyllody virescence were observed Sistan Baluchestan province, Iran (Fig. 1a, b). Total DNA was extracted separately from 0.5 g shoot material two symptom-bearing one symptomless 1c) using modified...

Several segments (∼20 kbp) of the lime witches' broom (LWB) phytoplasma genome (16SrII group) were sequenced and analysed. A 5.7 kbp segment (LWB-C) included conserved genes whose phylogenetic tree was consistent with that generated using 16S rRNA genes. Another 6.4 LWB (LWB-NC) structurally similar to putative mobile unit or sequence variable mosaic genomic region phytoplasmas, although it represented a new arrangement pseudogenes such as phage-related protein tra5 insertion sequences....

Periploca aphylla (Asclepiadaceae), is a large erect branched shrub, grown on different altitudes, in desert or dry, insolated grounds, rocky and sandy slopes throughout Southwest Asia. commonly used for feeding camels goats. Its latex applied as poultice tumours swellings, while the decoction of bark purgative against fever (Kazimierz, 1966). In September 2008, symptoms witches’ broom, proliferation shoot dieback were observed P. Hormozgan province, Iran. The affected plants developed dense...