Cancer cachexia is largely irreversible, at least via nutritional means, and responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. Therefore, preventive measures are primary importance; however, little known about muscle perturbations prior to onset cachexia. associated with mitochondrial degeneration; yet, it remains be determined if degeneration precedes wasting in cancer our purpose was determine cancer-induced tumour-bearing mice.

Abstract Background Cancer cachexia occurs in approximately 80% of cancer patients and is a key contributor to cancer‐related death. The mechanisms controlling development tumour‐induced muscle wasting are not fully elucidated. Specifically, the progression underexplored. Therefore, we examined skeletal protein turnover throughout tumour‐bearing mice. Methods Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was injected into hind flank C57BL6/J mice at 8 weeks age with tumour allowed develop for 1, 2, 3, or 4...

Cancer-cachexia (CC) is a wasting condition directly responsible for 20-40% of cancer-related deaths. The mechanisms controlling development CC-induced muscle are not fully elucidated. Most investigations focus on the postcachectic state and do examine progression condition. We recently demonstrated mitochondrial degenerations precede in time course CC. However, extent perturbations before CC unknown. Therefore, we performed global gene expression analysis to enhance understanding...

Cancer-associated bodyweight loss (cachexia) is a hallmark of many cancers and associated with decreased quality life increased mortality. Hepatic function can dramatically influence whole-body energy expenditure may therefore significantly health during cancer progression. The purpose this study was to examine alterations in markers hepatic metabolism physiology cachexia Male C57BL/6J mice were injected 1 × 10 6 Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells dissolved 100 μL PBS allowed develop for 1, 2, 3, or...

Abstract Background Disuse decreases muscle size and is predictive of mortality across multiple pathologies. Detriments to mitochondrial function are hypothesized underlie disuse‐induced atrophy. Little data exist on early mechanisms contributing onset these pathologies, nor it known how they differ between sexes. The purpose this study was examine differential conserved responses quality control in male female mice during the development progression Methods One hundred C57BL/6J (50 50...

We present data suggesting that mitochondria-based interventions may mitigate disuse atrophy. However, the efficacy of vary depending on specific target intervention and sex organism. Females appear to be more responsive increased mitochondrial catalase as a potential therapeutic for mitigating

Our study demonstrates divergent tumor development and tissue wasting within 3- 4-wk mice, where approximately half the mice developed large tumors subsequent cachexia. Unlike previous male studies, metabolic perturbations precede onset of cachexia, females appear to exhibit protections from cachexia development. data provide novel evidence for cachectic in tumor-bearing female compared with CC suggesting different mechanisms between sexes.

Cachexia is characterized by losses in lean body mass and its progression results worsened quality of life exacerbated outcomes cancer patients. However, the role impact fibrosis during early stages development cachexia under-investigated. The purpose this study was to determine if occurs development, evaluate both sexes. Female male C57BL6/J mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline or Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) at 8-week age, tumors allowed develop for 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. 3wk 4wk...

Abstract Background Cachexia presents in 80% of advanced cancer patients; however, cardiac atrophy cachectic patients receives little attention. This cardiomyopathy contributes to increased occurrence adverse events compared with age‐matched population norms. Research on has focused remodelling; alterations metabolic properties may be a primary contributor. The purpose the study is determine how cancer‐induced alters mitochondrial turnover, mRNA translation machinery, and vitro oxidative...

Skeletal muscle atrophy is common across a variety of pathologies. Underlying mechanisms differ between pathologies, and in many conditions, circulating factors are tied to atrophy. Therefore, we sought identify alterations the plasma proteome divergent forms atrophy, disuse cancer cachexia, as potential mediators C57BL6/J mice were assigned Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC)-induced by hindlimb unloading (HU), or control (CON). Plasma samples submitted for discovery proteomics targets interest...

What is the central question of this study? Following large traumatic loss muscle tissue (volumetric loss; VML), permanent functional and cosmetic deficits present themselves regenerative therapies alone have not been able to generate a robust response: how does addition rehabilitative affects response? main finding its importance? Using exercise along with autologous repair, we demonstrated accelerated force recovery response post-VML. The accentuated 2 weeks post-VML would allow patients...

New Findings What is the central question of this study? are individual and combined effects muscle‐specific peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α) overexpression physical activity during high‐fat feeding on glucose exercise tolerance? main finding its importance? Our that PGC‐1α provides no protection against lipid‐overload pathologies nor does it enhance adaptations. Instead, activity, regardless content, protects diet‐induced detriments. Activation muscle...

Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial wasting syndrome characterized by significant loss in lean and/or fat mass and represents leading cause of mortality cancer patients. Nutraceutical treatments have been proposed as potential treatment strategy to mitigate cachexia-induced muscle wasting. However, contradictory findings warrant further investigation. The purpose this study was determine the effects leucine supplementation on skeletal male female ApcMin/+ mice (APC). APC their wild-type...

Exercise mitigates obesity-associated pathologies; however, there is controversy regarding optimal exercise interventions. Autophagy, known to decrease during obesity and an important moderator for adaptations.To investigate individual combined effects of different interventions autophagy inhibition on adaptations obesity.C57BL/6J mice initiated 45% high fat diet at 8 weeks age. After 6 diet, animals were divided into moderate (MOD) or intensity interval training (HIIT), further vehicle...

Cancer-cachexia (CC), loss of muscle mass in cancer, is directly responsible for 20-40% cancer-related deaths depending on type cancer. Currently no efficacious therapies exist to reverse CC leading the conclusion that efforts need be focused prevention CC. Unfortunately, few studies have been performed fully examine progression across timecourse development. PURPOSE: To phenotypic alterations skeletal development a murine tumor implantation model. METHODS: 1x106 Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells...

Currently, sarcopenic obesity is a major concern because older adults are the fastest growing obese population in United States. Sarcopenic individuals exhibit excess adipose tissue along with decline skeletal muscle mass and associated weakness that contribute to reduced mobility recovery. The inflammatory process regulator regeneration. This critical for optimal recovery following damage. regenerative also dependent on activation of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) growth which partially...

AIM Cachexia is characterized by losses in lean body mass and its progression results worsened quality of life exacerbated outcomes cancer patients. However, the role impact fibrosis during early stages development cachexia under-investigated. The purpose this study was to determine if occurs development, evaluate both sexes. Methods Female male C57BL6/J mice were injected with PBS or Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) at 8‐week age tumors allowed develop for 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. 3wk 4wk female...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional activator shown to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Impaired muscle regeneration associated with down-regulation of PGC-1α. However, in healthy PGC-1α expression unaltered. Therefore, the role at onset skeletal needs further elucidation. PURPOSE: To examine effects overexpression on gene lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TNF-α, and myogenesis markers MyoD Myogenin regeneration. METHODS: 23 C57BL/6 (WT) 24...

Cancer is associated with severe weight and muscle loss (cancer-cachexia). Cancer-cachexia the most common manifestation of advanced malignant disease, leading to death. Underlying mechanisms cancer-cachexia are not well understood. Muscle wasting an imbalance protein turnover favoring breakdown. Autophagy a mechanism for breakdown that has been adequately studied throughout progression cancer-cachexia. PURPOSE: Assess autophagy machinery flux METHODS: 1x106 Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells (LLC)...

Cancer is a major public health problem in the U.S. and world. In 2013 there were an estimated 1,660,290 new cases of cancer Severe weight muscle loss (cancer-cachexia [CC]) accepted as common effect many cancers, directly responsible for 20-40% cancer-related deaths. The mechanisms that control development CC are not well understood. order wasting to occur, must be either decrease myogenic factors or increase catabolic factors. Most investigations focus on post-cachectic state do examine...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) often leads to systemic hypoxic conditions promoting peripheral dysfunctions that affect skeletal muscle. Clinically, PAH is observed concomitantly with obesity; as many 38%-48% of patients are obese. Recent studies have focused on the cellular mechanisms involved in PAH-associated muscle dysfunction; however, these not included additional effect obesity. Further research into combined effects and obesity could provide insight unforeseen complications...