A5002902500- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Plant and animal studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
Kyoto University
2021-2024
Guangxi University
2016
Rikkyo University
2012-2015
University of Canterbury
2006-2014
Newcastle University
2006-2014
Illinois State University
2009-2014
Victoria University of Wellington
2012-2013
Animals often eat foods containing toxins to benefit from the nutrients that they contain. Understanding how animals balance costs of eating with benefits gaining is important for understanding evolution antipredator defenses, particularly aposematism and mimicry. In this study, we tested whether predators could learn use color signals make strategic decisions about when include prey varied in their toxin content diets. We gave European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) daily sessions...
Mass or body-size measures of 'condition' are central importance to the study ecology and evolution, it is often assumed that differences in condition positively linearly related fitness. Using examples drawn from ecological studies, we show indices frequently unlikely be fitness a linear fashion. Researchers need more explicit acknowledging limitations mass-based accept that, under some circumstances, they may not relate as traditionally assumed. Any relationship between particular measure...
Abstract Behavioural syndromes have been identified in a large number of species, yet our understanding them an ecological context remains poor. Specifically, there are few data that relate behavioural to other biologically important behaviours and, ultimately, reproductive success. In this field study, we examined the aggressiveness and boldness free‐living male house wrens ( T roglodytes aedon ) found statistically significant positive relationship between these two (i.e. syndrome). When...
Trade-offs between life-history variables can be manifested at either the phenotypic or genetic level, with vastly different evolutionary consequences. Here, we examined whether male decorated crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus) from eight inbred lines and outbred founder population which they were derived, trade-off immune effort [lytic activity, phenoloxidase (PO) activity encapsulation] to produce spermatophylaxes: costly nuptial food gifts essential for successful sperm transfer. Canonical...
Toxic prey that signal their defences to predators using conspicuous warning signals are called ‘aposematic’. Predators learn about the toxic content of aposematic and reduce attacks on them. However, through regulating toxin intake, will include in diets when benefits gaining nutrients they contain outweigh costs ingesting prey's toxins. face a problem managing intake: sharing same often vary toxicities. Given should avoid uncertainty we tested whether European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris...
Abstract In the last decade, an increasing body of research has addressed extent to which different individuals within a species or population specialize in their exploitation food resources, is referred as individual diet specialization (IDS). Traditionally, researchers use terms ‘specialist’ and ‘generalist’, despite inability these labels capture all complexity IDS. this paper, we compare dietary specialism great tit Parus major blue Cyanistes caeruleus at temporal spatial scales. We two...
SUMMARY Maternally derived testosterone in the eggs of birds may benefit nestlings by increasing various aspects their growth, condition and behavioral development, but these benefits come at a cost, including suppression immune responsiveness. Experiments on variety species which ovo levels have been experimentally increased produced mixed results; some found growth suppressed function whereas others opposite. In an attempt to clarify relationship between nestling size, mass, health state...
Aggressive signals should predict whether the sender of signal will attack receiver, yet this criterion has been little studied. We conducted experiments with male House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon) in north-central Illinois 2009 to test hypothesis that rates song delivery and wing-quivering (putative aggressive signals) intent. simulated a conspecific territorial intrusion by combining playback taxidermic mount, predicting these would be related male's likelihood attacking conspecific. All...
Abstract The ‘small bird in winter’ paradigm states that body mass is a balance between the conflicting demands of carrying enough energy to survive nightly fasts while minimizing risk predation associated with additional fat reserves. We conducted short‐term food‐supplementation experiment during which New Zealand robins ( Petroica australis ) were provided food on second day 3‐d trial. This allowed us test two predictions from models strategic regulation small birds: (1) individual birds...
Animals are able to learn identify persistent threats themselves and their offspring. For example, birds quickly discriminate between humans that have previously threatened nests from with whom they had no prior experience. However, study has yet examined whether a bird's ability is related the underlying behavioural type. In this study, we there were differences among North Island (NI) robins (Petroica longipes), based on type, in abilities familiar novel human observers. Using simple...
Predation is an important biological factor, which influ-ences animal populations (see Newton 1998 for a review). Observations of natural predatory events are imperative understanding the effects this selective pressure on survival and reproductive success popula-tions (Clutton-Brock 1988). Yet, despite pervasive predation, observations rare in study ecology.In many environments, avian nests may face different risks posed by multiple types predators (e.g., birds, mammals, reptiles). In...
Kowhai Bush in the Kaikoura region represents an important wildlife reserve for some native forest bird species. It is home of 1 few populations brown creepers (Mohua novaeseelandiae) and South Island robins (Petroica australis) lowland Canterbury region. Here, I present results from 275 five-minute point counts that were conducted at October until December 1999 to 2001. compare these data with those collected by Gill (1980) same months 1976 similar sites. These comparisons reveal observed...
AbstractAbstractThere have been few studies of the food-storing behaviour short-term scatter-hoarding birds in relation to differences ambient temperature. In this study we examined patterns caching 13 male South Island Robins (Petroica australis australis) time day and We predicted that cold conditions would cause a stress-induced increase birds. also cache greatest number food items (mealworms) morning numbers cached decline throughout day. found there was negative relationship between...
Assessing changes in the intensity of biotic interactions across environmental gradients is a central issue ecology. The sentinel method has been widely adopted to study predator-prey by establishing patches prey under different conditions that predators can attack. Sentinels, proxies for prey, are frequently worm-shaped resembling caterpillars, with predation measured as rate disappearance or evidence after certain period exposure. While it suggested artificial might produce divergent...
Abstract Aposematic organisms defend themselves through various means to increase their unprofitability predators which they advertise with conspicuous warning signals. Predators learn avoid aposematic prey associative learning that leads lower predation. However, when these visual signals become unreliable (e.g., automimicry or Batesian mimicry), may switch from using taste sampling choose among them (‘go-slow’ behaviour). In this experiment, we tested possibility in a field experiment...