By ion irradiation through a lithographically made resist mask, the magnetic properties of cobalt-platinum simple sandwiches and multilayers were patterned without affecting their roughness optical properties. This was demonstrated on arrays 1-micrometer lines by near- far-field magnetooptical microscopy. The coercive force anisotropy irradiated regions can be accurately controlled fluence. If combined with high-resolution lithography, this technique holds promise for ultrahigh-density...

In a combined numerical and experimental study, we demonstrate that current pulses of different polarity can reversibly controllably displace magnetic domain wall (DW) in submicrometer permalloy (NiFe) ring structures. The critical densities for DW displacement are correlated with the specific spin structure DWs compared to results micromagnetic simulations including spin-torque term. Using notch, an attractive local pinning potential is created resulting highly reproducible DW, reliable...

We report here on the theoretical performance of blazed binary diffractive elements composed pillars carefully arranged a two-dimensional grid whose period is smaller than structural cutoff. These operate under unpolarized light. For given grating geometry, cutoff value above which no longer behaves like homogeneous thin film. Because this value, effective-medium theories can be fully exploited for design, and straightforward procedures are obtained. The investigated through electromagnetic...

We introduce a new structural cutoff beyond which subwavelength gratings cease to behave as homogeneous media and discuss its effects on the proper selection of sampling periods diffractive elements. According this analysis, 3lambda-period blazed binary grating composed square pillars is designed for He-Ne operation fabricated by etching TiO>(2) layer deposited upon glass substrate. Its first-order measured diffraction efficiency 12% larger than theoretical an ideal échelette in with same period.

We report on the observation of quantized surface spin waves in periodic arrays magnetic ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{81}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{19}$ wires by means Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy. At small transferred wave vectors $({q}_{\ensuremath{\Vert}}\ensuremath{\cong}0--1.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{5}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$ several discrete, dispersionless modes with a frequency splitting up to 0.9 GHz were observed for vector oriented perpendicular wires. From frequencies...

We present a magnetoresistance study of magnetization reversal and domain wall pinning effects in mesoscopic narrow ferromagnetic Permalloy ring structure containing notches. The size strength the attractive potential created by notch is measured resistance minimum at remanence found to occur when single transverse pinned notch, agreement with results numerical simulations anisotropic magnetoresistance. When field applied direction corresponding well edge, novel magnetic state very wide...

We present an experimental study of the influence spin-polarized currents on displacement domain walls in submicrometer permalloy ring structures. Using magnetoresistance (MR) measurements with multiple nonmagnetic contacts, we can sense a wall and, by injecting large dc current densities (1011 A/m2), increase or decrease magnetic field needed to move single wall, depending direction respect applied direction. rings and without notches measuring MR along different directions, show that...

He + ion irradiation of Co–Pt multilayers through a silica mask obtained by combination high resolution lithography and reactive etching can produce an optical contrast-free, entirely planar, sub-50 nm magnetically patterned array. Furthermore, the specificity magnetization reversal in such arrays leads to weak dispersion coercive forces. The technique holds promise for both present hard disk technology future near field magneto-optical recording.

In a combined experimental and numerical study, we determine the details of pinning domain walls at constrictions in permalloy nanostructures. Using high spatial-resolution (<10nm) electron holography, image spin structure geometrically confined head-to-head constrictions. Low-temperature magnetoresistance measurements are used to systematically ascertain domain-wall depinning fields down 35 nm width. The increase from 60 335 Oe with decreasing constriction width depend on wall...

We study localized surface plasmons in strong coupling with excitons of organic semiconductors. The are lithographed silver nanodisks organized square array. A giant Rabi splitting energy 450 meV is obtained, and typical behaviors mixed states, i.e., anticrossing their energies crossing linewidths, observed. Three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations coupled oscillator calculations used to analyze corroborate the experimental results.

Static magnetic and spin wave properties of square lattices permalloy micron dots with thicknesses 500 1000 Å varying dot separations have been investigated. A fourfold anisotropy was found for the lattice diameters 1 μm a separation 0.1 μm. The is attributed to an anisotropic dipole–dipole interaction between magnetically unsaturated parts dots. strength (order 105 erg/cm3) decreases increasing in-plane applied field.

We present anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements of magnetic switching processes in narrow ferromagnetic permalloy rings fabricated with six nonmagnetic electrical contacts. demonstrate that measuring the resistance between different contacts allows determination domain wall positions. Furthermore, these also yield possibility determining local fields parts ring. This provides a very useful tool to explore complete process single show that, by using notches suitable size and applying...

We propose the use of high-index materials for fabrication subwavelength diffractive components operating in visible domain. This approach yields a reduction constraints and an improvement theoretical performance. A blazed grating with binary features period 5.75 wavelengths is designed fabricated TiO(2) layer coated upon glass substrate. The first-order diffraction efficiency measured He-Ne laser beam 83%, which slightly larger than that achieved theoretically by best standard (continuous...

Large area arrays of dots have been patterned in Au/Co/Au(111) sandwiches with ultrathin Co layers (0.6 to 2 nm) and a perpendicular easy magnetization axis. Dot dimensions down 0.2 μm achieved using x-ray lithography, either positive resist direct ion beam etching or lift-off process aluminum mask. Both processes tested against the damages they induce fragile structure samples. The magneto-optical effects reversal characterized versus thickness, dot dimension, lattice aspect ratio. For high...

We study spatially indirect excitons of GaAs quantum wells, confined in a $10\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ electrostatic trap. Below critical temperature about 1 K, we detect macroscopic spatial coherence and quantized vortices the weak photoluminescence emitted from These signatures are restricted to narrow range density, dilute regime. They manifest formation four-component superfluid, made by low population optically bright coherently coupled dominant fraction dark excitons.

Abstract Growth of GaN nanowires on graphene substrates is carried out by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We test a two-step growth procedure consisting first stage at relatively low temperature followed second higher temperature. investigate the impact this process usually long incubation time which precedes nucleation events graphene. also examine how selectivity between and surrounding SiO2 surface affected. After optimization procedure, it applied to layer patterned electron...

We propose the use of binary slanted surface-relief gratings with parallel-groove walls as input and output couplers in a planar optical interconnect. Parametric optimization cascaded is employed to design an interconnect consisting N producing uniform intensity distribution high efficiency that may be realized one lithographic etching step. The sensitivity = 4 various fabrication errors analyzed. demonstrate operation grating manufactured electron-beam lithography reactive-ion for operating...

We describe the development of a new type high-resolution atomic force electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM), labeled Tarm (for tip-attached redox mediator)/AFM-SECM, where mediator, ferrocene (Fc), is tethered to AFM-SECM probe via nanometer long, flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains. It demonstrated that ferrocene-labeled PEG chains effectively shuttle electrons between tip and substrate, thus acting as molecular sensors probing local reactivity planar substrate. Moreover Fc-PEGylated...

Understanding the plasmon coupling between metal nanoparticles under light irradiation remains a challenging issue for optimizing plasmonic devices chemical and biological sensing. Here, optical properties of dense spatially ordered two-dimensional arrays 50 nm gold are investigated in this aim. Microspectrophotometry experiments carried out on square parallel chains, elaborated by electron beam lithography, having different periodicities ranging from 80 to 170 nm. The wavelength, width,...

We demonstrate edge-emitting exciton-polariton (polariton) laser operation from 5 to 300 K and polariton amplifiers based on modes within ZnO waveguides. The guided mode dispersion below above the lasing threshold is directly measured using gratings placed top of sample, fully demonstrating polaritonic nature modes. found be smaller than that expected for radiative polaritons in planar microcavities 150 comparable above. These results open up broad perspectives polaritonics by enabling...

We report on the observation of spin-wave quantization in square arrays micron-size circular magnetic Ni80Fe20 dots by means Brillouin light-scattering spectroscopy. For a large wave-vector interval several discrete, dispersionless modes with frequency splitting up to 2.5 GHz were observed. The are identified as magnetostatic surface spin waves laterally quantized due in-plane confinement each single dot. frequencies lowest observed decrease increasing distance between dots, thus indicating...