Abstract Background Mountain ecosystems all over the world support a high biological diversity and provide home services to some 12% of global human population, who use their traditional ecological knowledge utilise local natural resources. The Himalayas are world's youngest, highest largest mountain range plant biodiversity. In this remote mountainous region Himalaya, people depend upon resources supply goods services, including grazing for livestock medicinal supplies themselves. Due...

The mountainous region of Kashmir is a biodiversity hotspot, with diverse local communities and rich cultural history linked to nature. Mountain ecosystems are highly vulnerable climate change. This study emphasises the need record indigenous ethnoecological knowledge wild plants used for treatment various ailments at higher elevations in remote areas where globalisation poses threat this traditional knowledge.

Background: Documenting traditional knowledge of medicinal plants has enabled researchers to obtain a good understanding the consumption patterns for basic healthcare purposes. This study highlighted ethnobotanical significance and aromatic in biodiversity hotspot landscape western Himalayan region Kashmir. Methods: Extensive field visits were made collect from area through group discussions local language using questionnaire method. The acquired data was then analyzed quantitative measures...

Ethno medicines are developed by the etnobotanical and ethnopharmacological surveys. This study work revealed use of traditional ethnomedicines local elders district Bhimber Azad Jammu Kashmir. A total 38 plant species belonging to 22 families were reported having ethnomedicinal utilizations. medicinal data was collected mean questionnaire method, interviews direct observation. Information uses plants through a questionnaire. About 13 Hakims 78 people visited collect ethno data. Medicinal...

Western Himalayan alpine pastures are among the most diverse ecological locations on globe. Four were investigated to study species distribution patterns, richness, similarity, and community structure in Bagh District, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. communities, Poa–Primula–Sibbaldia, Primula–Caltha–Primula, Poa alpina–Poa pratensis–Scirpus, Sibbaldia–Poa–Scirpus, identified basis of an importance value index. The average richness was 1.42; Simpson's Shannon–Wiener's diversity values 3.13 0.91,...

Abstract The cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co 3 O 4 NPs) were synthesized via the green method using Piper nigrum ( P. ) leaves extract and calcined at different temperatures. crystalline nature was studied through x-ray diffractometer (XRD). With increasing calcination, amorphous phase transitioned to phase. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) used observe UV-Visible light absorbance phenomenon, Tauc’s plot calculate band gap energy, which found decrease with calcination. Scanning electron...

In the current context of climate change, Western Himalayas are thought to be warming faster than global average rate. Despite this rapid warming, our understanding alpine vegetation composition and underlying factors shaping its patterns in Himalayan highlands Pakistan remains limited. Extensive field sampling was conducted at 24 sites ranging altitude from 3300 m 4200 m. The entire altitudinal range divided into three belts i.e., low-altitude sites, medium-altitude high-altitude (HAS)....

Abies pindrow is a keystone tree species of temperate forests in the Himalayan range with immense ecological significance. The current study was designed to investigate spatial distribution, population structure, associated flora, and sustainability Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. Vegetation data were collected from 48 forest sites distributed six districts AJK respect geography, microclimates, vegetation structure by employing systematic quadrate-based methodology. populations...

Phaseolus vulgaris L. is the major pulse cultivated and culturally inculcated in food habits of locals Himalayan mountainous region Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The current study was designed to investigate role P. cultivation providing livelihood support evaluate its production consumption patterns correlated with household variables state AJK. socio-economic data collected from nine bean areas six districts acquired by administrating a total 522 detailed semi structured...

Indigenous knowledge provides insights into the therapeutic properties of medicinal plants used in local communities for basic healthcare. This research focuses on documenting medical rural that rely their traditional healthcare practices district Muzaffarabad, Kashmir Himalayas. A field survey was carried out 2022 and 2023 to collect data wild plants. Informants were selected at random learn about indigenous through semi-structured interviews group discussions with 95 informants. The...

The indigenous communities of the Kashmir region are exclusively dependent on medicinal plants for treatment various gynecological disorders. Due to remoteness and unavailability modern medications, still use traditional healthcare practices cure diseases related women. specific objective this study is document ethno-gynecological knowledge in Neelum Alley. Field visits were conducted from April November 2023 gather data used problems. Both questionnaires group discussions collect data....

Medicinal plants are valuable and used for the production of various drugs. These traditionally to cure diseases. The present research work is based on a survey conducted traditional medicinal uses common district Mirpur AJK, Pakistan. local, especially old people use ailments. A total 29 plant species belonging 20 families reported, that being by local inhabitants purposes. In only their interviewed presented. Information was obtained informants having knowledge about plants. About 7 Hakims...

Assessing the impacts of climate change on distribution medicinally important and endangered species is critical for conservation planning. This study focuses Dolomiaea costus (Falc.) Kasana & A.K. Pandey, a critically highly valuable medicinal plant found in fragile Pakistan. Using modelling (MaxEnt), we evaluated current future habitat suitability D. under two scenarios (SSP370 SSP585) periods 2041–2070 2071–2100. Occurrence data were collected from field surveys Global Biodiversity...

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the population structure, floral diversity, habitat geography, phytosociology, threats, and conservation status Aesculus indica in western Himalayan region Kashmir. was designed to investigate distribution patterns, community floristic phytosociological attributes A. forests, as well evaluate geography species by using GIS analysis. Primary vegetation data geographic features were collected via systematic quadrat-based sampling from 14 sites...

The Himalayan alpine zone harbors a rich diversity of endemic medicinal plant species, such as Meconopsis aculeata, due to its habitat heterogeneity. Globally, environments are most significantly affected by climate change, characterized low temperatures and restricted growing seasons, offering essential services yet remaining vulnerable. M. aculeata holds immense ecological significance in ecosystems, while human disturbances change pose serious threats long-term viability. present study...

Abstract Background Wild edible mushrooms (WEM) are economically significant and used in traditional medicines worldwide. The region of Jammu Kashmir (Western Himalayas) is enriched with the diversity mushrooms, collected by rural people for food income generation. This first detailed study on ethno-medicinal uses from State Kashmir. Methods Consecutive surveys were conducted to record ethnomycological socio-economic importance wild value chain areas Azad during 2015–2019. Ethnomycological...

The upper belt of Azad Kashmir is a hilly, mountainous, and remote area where the indigenous communities mainly believe in traditional medicines for treatment different ailments. This study aimed to conserve scientifically culturally important medicinal knowledge Primula species Kashmir, Western Himalaya, Pakistan. additional objective was evaluate antibacterial activity these plants against pathogenic bacteria.The ethnomedicinal data explored by conducting structured interviews with 40...