Abstract This study elucidates an innovative mechanochemical approach applying Friedel–Crafts alkylation to synthesize porous covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). Herein, we pursue a counterintuitive by utilizing rather destructive method well‐defined materials with intrinsic porosity. Investigating model system including carbazole as monomer and cyanuric chloride node, ball milling is shown successfully yield polymers almost quantitatively. We verified the successful structure formation...

Nitrogen-doped carbons were synthesized by a solvent-free mechanochemically induced one-pot synthesis using renewable biomass waste. Three solid materials are used: sawdust as carbon source, urea and/or melamine nitrogen and potassium carbonate an activation agent. The resulting nitrogen-doped porous offer very high specific surface area of up to 3000 m2 g-1 large pore volume 2 cm3 . Also, content 4 wt % (urea only) 12 (melamine is generated, depending on the sources. mechanochemical...

The milling ball is the catalyst. We introduce a palladium-catalyzed reaction inside mill, which makes catalyst powders, ligands, and solvents obsolete. present facile highly sustainable synthesis concept for C-C coupling reactions, exemplarily showcased Suzuki polymerization of 4-bromo or 4-iodophenylboronic acid giving poly(para-phenylene). Surprisingly, we observe one highest degrees (199) reported so far.

Abstract The molecular Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction was conducted mechanochemically, without solvents, ligands, or catalyst powders. Utilizing one catalytically active palladium milling ball, products could be formed in quantitative yield as little 30 min. In contrast to previous reports, the adjustment of parameters led complete elimination abrasion from thus enabling first reported systematic analysis. XPS, situ XRD, and reference experiments provided evidence that ball surface location...

Abstract Utilizing direct mechanocatalytical conditions, the Sonogashira coupling was successfully performed on surface of milling tools by using pure Pd and coated steel balls. The optimization co‐catalyst forming additives led to a protocol, which generates quantitative yields under aerobic conditions for various substrates within as little 90 minutes. Using state‐of‐the‐art spectroscopic, diffractive, well in situ methods lead identification previously unknown highly reactive complex...

Photochemical reactors inherently suffer from the low penetration depth of light and therefore rely on high dilutions to enable chemical reactions. Here we present first method UV (ultraviolet) photochemistry in complete absence bulk solvents a ball mill. Triphenylene was synthesized by two routes, Mallory reaction cyclodehydrochlorination (CDHC), resulting yields 81 92 %, respectively. The successfully scaled up gram scale robustness demonstrated for several different substrates. Finally,...

Mechanochemical Suzuki polycondensation offers a sustainable alternative to classical solvent based approaches, affording high yields and short reaction times.

Ball milling was applied to a Scholl reaction of dendritic oligophenylene precursors produce benchmark nanographenes under solvent-free conditions.

Methane hydrate confined in porous materials is postulated as an alternative energy storage strategy. By applying model carbons with ordered and uniformly sized pores a combination of advanced situ characterization techniques, we address fundamental questions on the formation mechanism methane confinement. Here, provide experimental evidence for presence inside spaces by small- wide-angle neutron scattering, X-ray diffraction, high-pressure gas adsorption techniques. Furthermore, demonstrate...

Mechanochemical polymerization displays a sustainable alternative to classical solvent-based approaches while also offering faster kinetics and an increased conversion.

Here we describe the development of a sustainable and cost-effective approach for catalytic cross-coupling reactions in mechanochemistry. It is found that substrate's impact with vessel wall alone sufficient to initiate reaction, thus indicating milling balls function primarily as mixing agent direct mechanocatalytic Suzuki coupling. The absence can be offset by adjusting rheology using liquid-assisted grinding (LAG). LAG sweet spot 0.25 μL mg-1 confirmed both resonance acoustic mixers...

Abstract This study elucidates an innovative mechanochemical approach applying Friedel–Crafts alkylation to synthesize porous covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). Herein, we pursue a counterintuitive by utilizing rather destructive method well‐defined materials with intrinsic porosity. Investigating model system including carbazole as monomer and cyanuric chloride node, ball milling is shown successfully yield polymers almost quantitatively. We verified the successful structure formation...

Herein we report the mechanochemical Scholl polymerization of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene in a high speed ball mill.

The inert milling balls, commonly utilized in mechanochemical reactions, were coated with a layer of Pd and as catalyst the direct mechanocatalytic Suzuki reaction. With high yields (>80 %), balls can be recycled multiple times absence any solvents, ligands, catalyst-molecules -powders, while utilizing little 0.8 mg per ball. coating sequence, support material, thickness examined towards archiving retention, low abrasion conversion. approach was transferred to vessels revealing interplay...

This work establishes the first direct mechanocatalytic reaction protocol within an extruder, focusing on Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. Through coating of either extruder screws or barrel with Pd, we executed cross-coupling without reliance molecular catalyst compounds powders, and solvents continuously. We identified influence interplay crucial parameters such as temperature, mechanical energy input, residence time, rheology, contact time finally obtained 36 % 75 product after one four reactor...

In recent years, metal-rich sulfides of the pentlandite type (M9S8) have attracted considerable attention for energy storage applications. However, common synthetic routes towards pentlandites either involve intensive high temperature procedures or solvothermal methods with specialized precursors and non-sustainable organic solvents. Herein, we demonstrate that ball milling is a simple efficient method to synthesize nanosized bimetallic particles (Fe4.5Ni4.5S8, Pn) an average size ca. 250 nm...

Polyimides were obtained in 99 % yield under 1 h through the "beat and heat" approach, involving solvent-free vibrational ball milling a thermal treatment step. The influence of plethora additives was explored, such as Lewis acids, bases, dehydrating agents, mechanochemical reaction identified to run via polyamic acid intermediate. protocol adopted range substrates inaccessible solution-based processes, including perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride melamine. Furthermore, quantum chemical...

The copper‐catalyzed Glaser coupling is conducted mechanochemically, with the milling balls and vessels being catalyst. Thus, neither catalyst powders nor soluble salts are required. Substituting Cu 0 tools by copper alloys not only increases yield of reaction, but also greatly reduces abrasion, in turn long‐term stability reusability. Tracking reaction Raman spectroscopy allows to identify active intermediate directly on ball surface propose a mechanism.