This Feature Article gives an overview of microwave-assisted liquid phase routes to inorganic nanomaterials. Whereas microwave chemistry is a well-established technique in organic synthesis, its use nanomaterials' synthesis still at the beginning and far away from having reached full potential. However, rapidly growing number publications this field suggests that will play outstanding role broad Nanoscience Nanotechnology. article not meant give exhaustive all nanomaterials synthesized by...

Sol-gel routes to metal oxide nanoparticles in organic solvents under exclusion of water have become a versatile alternative aqueous methods. In comparison the complex chemistry, nonaqueous processes offer possibility better understanding and controlling reaction pathways on molecular level, enabling synthesis nanomaterials with high crystallinity well-defined uniform particle morphologies. The components strongly influence composition, size, shape, surface properties inorganic product,...

Nonaqueous-solution routes to metal oxide nanoparticles are a valuable alternative the known aqueous sol-gel processes, offering advantages such as high crystallinity at low temperatures, robust synthesis parameters and ability control crystal growth without use of surfactants. In first part review we give detailed overview various solution oxides in organic solvents, with strong focus on surfactant-free processes. most these approaches, solvent plays role reactant that provides oxygen for...

Surfactant-free nonaqueous (and/or nonhydrolytic) sol-gel routes constitute one of the most versatile and powerful synthesis methodologies for nanocrystalline metal oxides with high compositional homogeneity purity. Although protocols are particularly simple, involving only oxide precursors common organic solvents, obtained uniform nanocrystals exhibit an immense variety sizes shapes. The small number reactants in these enables study chemical mechanisms involved formation. Nonhydrolytic to...

Vanadium oxide nanotubes were obtained as the main product in a sol−gel reaction followed by hydrothermal treatment from vanadium(V) alkoxide precursors and primary amines (CnH2n+1NH2 with 4 ≤ n 22) or α,ω-diamines (H2N[CH2]nNH2 14 20). The structure of has been characterized transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetic measurements. tubes are up to 15 μm long have outer diameters ranging 150 nm inner 5 50 nm. tube walls consist 2−30...

Aqueous zinc ion batteries are highly attractive for large-scale storage applications because of their inherent safety, low cost, and durability. Yet, advancement is hindered by a dearth positive host materials (cathode) due to sluggish diffusion Zn2+ inside solid inorganic frameworks. Here, we report on novel organic host, tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (also called: p-chloranil), which its inherently soft crystal structure can provide reversible efficient storage. It delivers high capacity...

The reaction between TiCl4 and benzyl alcohol is a simple nonaqueous procedure for the synthesis of highly crystalline titania nanoparticles at temperatures as low 40 °C. XRD measurements prove exclusive presence anatase phase. particle growth depends strongly on temperature so that with appropriate thermal conditions size can be selectively adjusted in range 4−8 nm. Fine-tuning possible by proper choice relative amounts titanium tetrachloride. Lowering tetrachloride concentration leads to...

Nanoparticle research is a fascinating branch of science. The strongly size-related properties nanoparticles offer uncountable opportunities for surprising discoveries. often unexpected and unprecedented behavior bears great potential innovative technological applications, but also poses challenges to the scientists. They have develop highly controllable synthesis approaches, more sensitive characterization tools finally new models theories explain experimental observations. In this review,...

A nonaqueous approach that involves the reaction of tungsten isopropoxide with benzyl alcohol leads to oxide nanowire bundles without use any additional structure-directing templates. The consist crystalline nanowires highly uniform diameters about 1 nm and aspect ratios exceeding 500 (see picture). Gas-sensing tests show a high sensitivity NO2. Supporting information for this article is available on WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z502823_s.pdf or from author. Please...

A novel nonaqueous route has been applied for the preparation of nanocrystalline magnetite. In a simple one-pot reaction process, iron(III) acetylacetonate was dissolved in benzyl alcohol and treated an autoclave between 175 200 °C. This approach leads to monocrystalline magnetite particles with sizes ranging from 12 25 nm, as evidenced by X-ray analysis, HRTEM, Raman Mossbauer spectroscopy. The isolated can be redispersed either polar or nonpolar solvents coating them just after synthesis...

Highly crystalline metal oxide nanoparticles such as CoO, ZnO, Fe3O4, MnO, Mn3O4, and BaTiO3 were synthesized in just a few minutes by reacting alkoxides, acetates or acetylacetonates with benzyl alcohol under microwave heating.

Although solvent–ligand interactions play a major role in nanocrystal synthesis, dispersion formulation, and assembly, there is currently no direct method to study this. Here we examine the broadening of 1H NMR resonances associated with bound ligands turn this poorly understood descriptor into tool assess interactions. We show that line has both homogeneous heterogeneous component. The former nanocrystal-size dependent, latter results from Our model supported by experimental theoretical...

Nanoparticle-based aerogels are one of the few examples 3-dimensional nanoparticle assemblies that can achieve macroscopic sizes while fully retaining size-specific properties initial nanobuilding blocks. A typical synthesis involves three main steps: i) Preparation a stable dispersion containing all building blocks with desired composition, size, shape and crystallinity, ii) controlled destabilization into gel, iii) drying gels under preservation architecture. In this review, we focus on...

Sodium ion batteries (NIBs) based on earth-abundant materials offer efficient, safe, and environmentally sustainable solutions for a decarbonized society. However, to compete with mature energy storage technologies such as lithium batteries, further progress is needed, particularly regarding the density operational lifetime. Considering these aspects well circular economy perspective, authors use biodegradable cellulose nanoparticles preparation of gel polymer electrolyte that offers high...

Multicomponent oxide (i.e., SiO2-TiO2) microspheres with interconnected meso and macroporosity, called MICROSCAFS®, are attractive for various applications. Here, we present them as robust efficient catalyst supports, facilitating straightforward purification of wastewater through solar-driven photocatalysis, an easy recovery reuse. We report on the immobilization titanium dioxide (TiO2) gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) into MICROSCAFS® their characterization using analytical techniques. The...

The reaction of transition metal chlorides with benzyl alcohol leads at low temperatures to oxidic nanostructures low-dimensional particle shapes such as nearly spherical titania anatase nanoparticles, vanadium oxide nanorods, and tungsten nanoplatelets. process is simple, allows a scale-up in gram quantities, highly crystalline materials. Ethanol solutions containing nanoparticles exhibit blue luminescence upon UV irradiation room temperature.

Superior crystallinity and good yields are found for SnO2 In2O3 (see HRTEM image) semi-conducting metal oxide nanocrystals prepared by a non-aqueous approach involving the reaction of alkoxide with benzyl alcohol. The sensor devices fabricated just deposition as-synthesized nanoparticles showed high sensitivity recovery time required technological applications.

Perovskite nanoparticles were obtained by treating alkali or alkaline-earth metals dissolved in benzyl alcohol with transition metal alkoxides, which is a novel and generally applicable route to nanosized perovskites related materials. In the picture, synthetic BaTiO3 nanocrystals superimposed on high-resolution TEM image of single nanoparticle.

A novel nonaqueous route for the preparation of nanocrystalline BaTiO(3), SrTiO(3), and (Ba,Sr)TiO(3) has been developed. In a simple one-pot reaction process, elemental alkaline earth metals are directly dissolved in benzyl alcohol at slightly elevated temperatures. After addition Ti(O(i)Pr)(4), mixture is heated to 200 degrees C, resulting formation white precipitate. XRD measurements prove exclusive presence perovskite phase without any other crystalline byproducts such as BaCO(3) or...

Highly ordered mesostructures of tin oxide have been obtained via the block-copolymer-assisted assembly crystalline nanoparticle sols. The 3.5 nm nanoparticles using low-temperature synthesis can be dispersed without use any stabilizers and are assembled an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process (see Figure).

Highly anisotropic TiO 2 nanostructures (see Figure) of several hundreds nanometers in length were obtained by oriented assembly preformed nanoparticles with typical diameters 5 nm. The is directed a particularly small amount polydentate ligand low molecular weight, which binds selectively to specific crystal faces the titania nanoparticles.

Vanadium oxide nanotubes have recently been discovered as the main product of a sol-gel reaction that is followed by hydrothermal treatment in presence air, during which vanadium sheets roll up, giving rise to scroll morphology visible Figure. The scrolls are highly flexible, permitting numerous exchange reactions, and can be aligned using micromolding capillaries.

The synthesis of vanadium oxide nanotubes (VOx-NTs) containing primary monoamines with long alkyl chains has been achieved by two new approaches, using either VOCl3 or V2O5 as precursor. hydrolysis amine complexes involves a ligand-assisted templating mechanism well the intercalation amines in layered V2O5. Both procedures followed hydrothermal treatment lead to VOx-NTs main product. structure and morphology tubes obtained have investigated are discussed terms comparison those previously...