Summary objective To validate the causes of death determined with a single verbal autopsy instrument covering all age groups in Agincourt subdistrict rural South Africa. methods Verbal autopsies (VAs) were conducted on deaths recorded during annual demographic and health surveillance over 3‐year period (1992–95) population about 63 000 people. Trained fieldworkers elicited signs symptoms terminal illness from close caregiver, using comprehensive questionnaire written local language....

The 1918 influenza epidemic had a marked and fairly long‐lasting effect on the sex differential in mortality United States. After women lost most of their advantage over men female/male gap did not regain its pre‐epidemic level until 1930s. An analysis causes deaths shows link with tuberculosis. We conjecture existence selection effect, whereby many were among tuberculous persons, so that tuberculosis death rates dropped later years, disproportionately males. Age‐ sex‐specific data by cause...

Summary. Egypt is the country with largest hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic in world. In 2008, a Demographic Health Survey (DHS) was carried out Egypt, providing for first time unique opportunity HCV antibody testing on nationwide representative sample of individuals. Consenting individuals answered questionnaire socio‐demographic characteristics and iatrogenic exposures, before blood by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Factors independently associated infection were examined through...

The World Health Organization and UNICEF define non-oedematous severe acute malnutrition (SAM) either by a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 115 mm or weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) -3. objective of this study was to assess whether there any benefit identify malnourished children with high risk death combine these two diagnostic criteria. Data longitudinal examining the relationship between anthropometry mortality in rural Senegal predating development community-based management...

Abstract The study describes the patterns of concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children age 6–59 months living in 1980s Niakhar, a rural area Senegal under demographic surveillance. Wasting were defined by z scores lower than −2 weight for height age. Both conditions found to be highly prevalent, more so before 30 months, after months. As result, WaSt peaked around 18 its prevalence (6.2%) was primarily product two conditions, with an interaction term 1.57 ( p < 10 −6 ). due...

Summary Information on cause of death is essential for rational public health planning, yet mortality data in South Africa limited. In the Agincourt subdistrict, verbal autopsies (VA) have been used to determine death. A VA conducted all deaths recorded during annual demographic and surveillance. Trained lay fieldworkers interview a close caregiver elicit signs symptoms terminal illness. Each questionnaire reviewed by three medical practitioners blind each other's assessment, who assign...

Both malaria and protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) are highly prevalent in young children of sub-Saharan Africa, the association between PEM continues to be discussed controversially. We analysed PEM, morbidity all-cause mortality a cohort 709 aged 6-30 months holoendemic rural area Burkina Faso. Study were followed over main transmission period (June-December) 1999 through longitudinal surveillance complemented by three cross-sectional clinical surveys. There was no morbidity, but...

The age pattern of fertility in a rural area South Africa under demographic surveillance (Agincourt subdistrict) was investigated over the 1992–97 period. total rate (TFR) averaged 3.3 births per woman reproductive period, major drop from earlier estimates same (6.0 1970–74). Age‐specific rates showed an atypical bimodal pattern. They were decomposed into two components similar magnitude: premarital (among women aged 12–26) and marital 15–49). decomposition revealed underlying modes: mode...

Journal Article Pattern of Exposure and Measles Mortality in Senegal Get access Michel Garenne, Garenne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Aaby The Infectious Diseases, Volume 161, Issue 6, June 1990, Pages 1088–1094, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/161.6.1088 Published: 01 1990 history Received: 13 February 1989 Revision received: 04 January

To reconstruct and analyse mortality trends in children younger than 5 years sub-Saharan Africa between 1950 2000.We selected 66 Demographic Health Surveys World Fertility from 32 African countries for analysis. Death rates were calculated by yearly periods each survey. When several surveys available the same country, overlapping combined. Country-specific time series analysed to identify of monotonic trends, whether declining, steady or increasing. We tested changes using a linear logistic...

The health of children improved dramatically worldwide during the 20th century, although with major contrasts between developed and developing countries, urban rural areas. quantitative evidence on child from a broad historical comparative perspective is briefly reviewed here. Before sanitary revolution, mortality tended to be higher than mortality. However, after World War I, improvements in water, sanitation, hygiene, nutrition care resulted lower Europe. Despite similar decline, countries...