A5067801452- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and environmental studies
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Metal Extraction and Bioleaching
- Geography Education and Pedagogy
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Drilling and Well Engineering
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
University of Rhode Island
2016-2025
The King's College
2019
Ames Research Center
2009
What controls clumped isotopes? Stable isotopes of a molecule can clump together in several combinations, depending on their mass. Even for simple molecules such as O 2 , which contain 16 O, 17 and 18 various potentially reveal the temperatures at form. Away from equilibrium, however, pattern may reflect complex array processes. Using high-resolution gas-phase mass spectrometry, Yeung et al. found that biological factors influence isotope signature oxygen produced during photosynthesis (see...
A field campaign targeting high pH, H2-, and CH4-emitting serpentinite-associated springs in the Zambales Palawan Ophiolites of Philippines was conducted 2012-2013, enabled description several sourced altered pillow basalts, gabbros, peridotites. We combine observations temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential with analyses major ions, inorganic carbon, organic gas phases order to model activities selected important microbial metabolism, rank feasible...
In the Zambales ophiolite range, terrestrial serpentinizing fluid seeps host diverse microbial assemblages. The fluids fall within profile of Ca(2+)-OH(-)-type waters, indicative active serpentinization, and are low in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) (<0.5 ppm). Influx atmospheric dioxide (CO2) affects solubility calcium carbonate as distance from source increases, triggering formation meter-scale travertine terraces. Samples were collected at along outflow channel to determine subsurface...
Serpentinization is a widespread geochemical process associated with aqueous alteration of ultramafic rocks that produces abundant reductants (H2 and CH4) for life to exploit, but also potentially challenging conditions, including high pH, limited availability terminal electron acceptors, low concentrations inorganic carbon. As consequence, past studies serpentinites have reported cellular abundances microbial diversity. Establishment the Coast Range Ophiolite Microbial Observatory...
Abstract The Oman Drilling Project established an “Active Alteration” multi‐borehole observatory in peridotites undergoing low‐temperature serpentinization the Samail Ophiolite. highly serpentinized rocks are contact with strongly reducing fluids. Distinct hydrological regimes, governed by differences rock porosity and fracture density, give rise to steep redox (Eh +200 −750 mV) pH (pH range 8.5–11.2) gradients within 300–400 m deep boreholes. serpentinites fluids host active subsurface...
Geochemical reactions associated with serpentinization alter the composition of dissolved organic compounds in circulating fluids and potentially liberate mantle-derived carbon reducing power to support subsurface microbial communities. Previous studies have identified Betaproteobacteria from order Burkholderiales bacteria Clostridiales as key components serpentinite–hosted microbiome, however there is limited knowledge their metabolic capabilities or growth characteristics. In an effort...
Serpentinization is the hydration and oxidation of ultramafic rock, which occurs as oceanic lithosphere emplaced onto continental margins (ophiolites), along seafloor faulting exposes this mantle-derived material to circulating hydrothermal fluids. This process leads distinctive fluid chemistries molecular hydrogen (H2 ) hydroxyl ions (OH- are produced reduced carbon compounds mobilized. Serpentinizing ophiolites also serve a vector transport sulfur from continents. We investigated...
The movement of groundwater through fractured bedrock provides favorable conditions for subsurface microbial life, characterized by constrained flow pathways and distinctive local environmental conditions. In this study, we examined a ecosystem associated with serpentinized rocks recovered from the Coast Range Ophiolite in northern California, USA. distribution diversity communities at various depths within two separate cores reaching up to 45 m below land surface were investigated...
Abstract. This project aimed to establish a subsurface microbial observatory in ultramafic rocks, by drilling into an actively serpentinizing peridotite body, characterizing cored and outfitting the boreholes for program of long-term observation experimentation resolve serpentinite-hosted biosphere. We completed August 2011, two with core recovery possibility down-hole experimentation, six smaller-diameter monitoring wells arrayed around primary holes, Coast Range ophiolite (CRO) locality...
Gas seeps emanating from ophiolites at Yanartaş (Chimaera), Turkey, have been documented for thousands of years. Active serpentinization produces hydrogen and a range carbon gases that may provide fuel life. Here we report newly discovered, ephemeral fluid seep small gas vent Yanartaş. Fluids biofilms were sampled the source points downstream. We describe site conditions, microbiological data in form enrichment cultures, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen isotopic composition...
Although field and research experiences have been shown to help retain students in the geosciences, there is less known about how why this case. We created a field-based experience for five with range of backgrounds prior experiences. used mixed methods case study identify affect-related persistence factors influencing geoscience interns during experience, interpret elicited those factors, explain influenced students' intention persist. The framed within Social Cognitive Career Theory...
In recent years, our appreciation of the extent habitable environments in Earth's subsurface has greatly expanded, as understanding biodiversity contained within. Most studies have relied on single sampling points, rather than considering long-term dynamics and their microbial populations. One such habitat are aquifers associated with aqueous alteration ultramafic rocks through a process known serpentinization. Ecological modeling performed multiyear time series microbiology, hydrology,...
Serpentinization is a low-temperature metamorphic process by which ultramafic rock chemically reacts with water. Such reactions provide energy and materials that may be harnessed chemosynthetic microbial communities at hydrothermal springs in the subsurface. However, biogeochemistry mediated populations inhabit these environments understudied complicated overlapping biotic abiotic processes. We applied metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, untargeted metabolomics techniques to environmental...
Hydrogen produced by serpentinization has the potential to fuel subsurface microbial metabolisms. In serpentinizing subsurface, solids comprise ultramafic parent rocks derived from Earth's mantle, serpentine minerals, veins of hydroxides, and accessory magnetite and/or other metal-rich grains. Fluid that occurs with these is altered seawater meteoric water predicted be reducing. Hydrogen, a powerful reducing agent, generated when Fe2 in Fe(OH)2 oxidized magnetite, coupled reduction water....
Abstract Geophysical remote sensing both on land and at sea has emerged as a powerful approach to characterize in situ water‐rock interaction processes time space. We conducted 2‐D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys investigate hydrogeological architecture within the Jurassic age tectonic mélange portion of Coast Range Ophiolite Microbial Observatory (CROMO) during wet dry seasons, where interactive are thought facilitate subsurface biosphere. Integrating survey tracks...
Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are point-of-use drinking treatment systems that manufactured and used in under-served communities around the world. The clayey material (CM) to manufacture CWFs is a locally sourced mixture of clay, sand, slit amorphous (usually dug near CWF factory). CM varies composition purity depending on geographical location geological setting. In this study, set 13 samples collected from world were analyzed using grain size analysis, as well liquid plastic limit tests....
Abstract Serpentinization involves the hydration and alteration of ultramafic rocks, which produces hydrogen (H 2 ) methane (CH 4 results in distinctive groundwater chemistries. As reacted fluids mix with recharging surface water, gradients chemistry microbiology develop subsurface. We present a comprehensive analysis biogeochemical water column serpentinite‐hosted well, CSW1.1, at Coast Range Ophiolite Microbial Observatory (CROMO) California, USA. Samples for geochemistry, 16S rRNA gene...
Organic acids produced by biota have been shown to accelerate the dissolution of minerals, possibly creating biosignatures in either reacting solutions or solid materials. We tested aqueous alteration serpentinite three groups solutions: inorganic acids, organic created through abiotic processes (termed “abiotic–organics”), and biotic “biotic acids”) over a range temperatures relevant conditions on Mars Europa. A total 48 batch reactor experiments were carried out at 0 °C, 22 62 °C 16...
Springs hosted in ophiolites are often affected by serpentinization processes. The characteristically low DIC and high CH4 H2 gas concentrations of serpentinizing ecosystems have led to interest hydrogen based metabolisms these subsurface biomes. However, a true signature can be difficult identify surface expressions such as springs. Here, we explore carbon nitrogen resources impacted springs the tropical climate Zambales Palawan Philippines, with focus on vs. processes exogenous endogenous...
The rock cycle is a key component of geoscience education at all levels. In this paper, we report on new guided inquiry curricular module, Sleuthing Through the Rock Cycle, which has blended online/offline constructivist design with comprehensive teaching notes and been successful in pilot use Rhode Island middle high school classrooms over past 3 y. module consists two overarching activities: (1) SherRock Holmes Case Mystery Samples, (2) Cracking Changing Rocks. encourages hands-on...