Abstract Background Population-based data on the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in sub-Saharan Africa is still very limited. We assessed prevalence and determinants CKD, evaluated concordance commonly advocated estimators glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) a mixed ancestry population from South Africa. Methods Participants were population-based sample adults selected Bellville-South community metropolitan city Cape Town. eGFR was based Cockroft-Gault (CG), Modification Diet Kidney...

Background The proposed waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) cut-off of 0.5 is less optimal for cardiometabolic risk screening in children many settings. purpose this study was to determine the WHtR from South Africa, and investigate variations by gender, ethnicity residence achieved value. Methods Metabolic syndrome (MetS) components were measured 1272 randomly selected learners, aged 10–16 years, comprising 446 black Africans, 696 mixed-ancestry 130 Caucasians. Youden's index closest-top-left...

Early identification of individuals with elevated risk developing diabetes mellitus, followed by the implementation effective prevention interventions can delay onset disease and related complications. In this regard, recent studies have shown that miRNAs are useful as early markers certain types, including diabetes. We used high throughput sequencing to assess miRNA expression profiles from whole blood 12 screen-detected diabetes, prediabetes normal glucose tolerance, matched for age,...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), Pro12Ala and the insulin substrate (IRS1), Gly972Arg confer opposite effects on resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated independent joint of PPARG IRS1 markers T2DM in an African population with elevated risk T2DM. In all 787 (176 men) mixed-ancestry adults from Bellville-South community Cape Town were genotyped for by two laboratories. Glucose tolerance status resistance/sensitivity assessed. Genotype...

Background: Transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2), fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) are known risk loci for type diabetes (T2DM) mostly in European populations.Objectives: To assess the association of these genes with T2DM a South African mixed-ancestry population.Methods: Five hundred sixty six participants were genotyped ENPP1-rs997509 -rs1044498, FTO-9941349 -rs3751812, TCF7L2-rs12255372 -rs7903146 polymorphisms using...

Background Early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is challenged by the absence accurate early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. CA19-9 established, tumour marker in PDAC, despite its limitations. Effective primary screening using circulating biomarker panels have only been considered a handful studies we investigated whether combinations inflammatory cytokines angiogenic factors multivariate logistic models could facilitate earlier our South African setting. Methods...

Mechanisms linking liver functions with cardiometabolic risk may involve insulin resistance (IR) and non‐alcoholic fatty disease. We assessed the associations of gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels IR metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an adult South African urban cohort. 1198 participants aged >15 years (297 men) were drawn from Bellville‐South suburb (Cape Town). The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA‐IR), β‐cells function (HOMA‐B%), fasting index (FIRI) quantitative insulin‐sensitivity check...

Abstract Approximately 25 % of clinically important drugs and numerous environmental carcinogens are metabolised by CYP2D6. Variation in the CYP2D6 gene concomitant use tamoxifen (TAM) with certain antidepressants may increase recurrence risk breast cancer patients due to reduced enzyme activity. In this study we determined appropriateness adding genotyping genetic testing options already available South Africa, which include BRCA mutation screening transcriptional profiling assess estrogen...

Objective Though single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the non-muscle myosin gene (MYH9) have been reported to explain most of excess risk nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD), African-Americans, some studies also shown associations with diabetic end-stage renal disease. We investigated association MYH9 SNPs traits a mixed-ancestry South African population prone diabetes. Research Design and Methods Three known be associated CKD (rs4821480, rs5756152 rs12107) were genotyped using...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with high metastatic risk. Prognosis remains poor even after resection. Previously our group identified biomarkers that improved diagnostic accuracy in PDAC beyond the established tumour marker, CA19-9. Risk factors, symptoms and circulating a diagnosis may differ from those alter disease progression metastasis. This study aimed at assessing risk presenting potential prognostic determine their relationship stage...

Abstract Background Convincing evidence supports the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in preventing occurrence diabetes high-income countries, however little is known about appropriate for use African where there are higher relative increases prevalence. The South Diabetes Prevention Programme (SA-DPP) was initiated with aim or delaying among Africans (SAs), through interventions, targeting changes related to diet and physical activity. purpose current project implement evaluate...

Background. Genetic variants in the nuclear transcription receptor, PPARG, are associated with cardiometabolic traits, but reports remain conflicting. We determined frequency and clinical relevance of PPARG SNPs an African mixed ancestry population. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 820 participants were genotyped for rs1800571, rs72551362, rs72551363, rs72551364, rs3856806, using allele-specific TaqMan technology. The homeostatic model assessment insulin (HOMA-IR), β-cells function...