Directed movement is a characteristic of many living organisms and occurs as result the transformation chemical energy into mechanical energy. Myosin one three families molecular motors that are responsible for cellular motility. The three-dimensional structure head portion myosin, or subfragment-1, which contains both actin nucleotide binding sites, described. This motor was determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction. data provide structural framework understanding basis

Muscle contraction consists of a cyclical interaction between myosin and actin driven by the concomitant hydrolysis adenosine triphosphate (ATP). A model for rigor complex F head was obtained combining molecular structures individual proteins with low-resolution electron density maps derived cryo-electron microscopy image analysis. The spatial relation ATP binding pocket on major contact area suggests working hypothesis crossbridge cycle that is consistent previous independent structural...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX-ray Structures of the Myosin Motor Domain Dictyostelium discoideum Complexed with MgADP.cntdot.BeFx and MgADP.cntdot.AlF4-Andrew J. Fisher, Clyde A. Smith, James Thoden, Robert Kazuo Sutoh, Hazel M. Holden, Ivan RaymentCite this: Biochemistry 1995, 34, 28, 8960–8972Publication Date (Print):July 18, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 18 July...

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β ) is known to have a number of effects on the different cell types present within coronary arteries. In this study we identified location and phenotype cells containing IL-1β in human artery specimens from patients suffering either atherosclerosis or cardiomyopathy correlated presence with disease severity. Luminal endothelial cells, adventitial vessel wall macrophages were double labeled immunohistochemically for protein type–specific monoclonal antibody macrophages....

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes the production of carbamoyl from bicarbonate, glutamine, and two molecules MgATP. As isolated Escherichia coli, enzyme has a total molecular weight ∼160K consists polypeptide chains referred to as large small subunits. Here we describe X-ray crystal structure this determined 2.8 Å resolution in presence ADP, Mn2+, phosphate, ornithine. The subunit is distinctly bilobal with active site residues located interface formed by NH2- COOH-terminal domains....

Phosphotriesterase from Pseudomonas diminuta catalyzes the hydrolysis of paraoxon and related acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with rate enhancements that approach 10(12). The enzyme requires a binuclear metal center for activity as isolated contains 2 equiv zinc per subunit. Here we describe three-dimensional structure Zn2+/Zn2+-substituted complexed substrate analog diethyl 4-methylbenzylphosphonate. Crystals employed in investigation belonged to space group C2 unit cell dimensions = 129.6...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure of an apolipoprotein determined at 2.5-.ANG. resolutionDeborah R. Breiter, Michael Kanost, Matthew M. Benning, Gary Wesenberg, John H. Law, A. Wells, Ivan Rayment, and Hazel HoldenCite this: Biochemistry 1991, 30, 3, 603–608Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January...

Phosphotriesterase, isolated from the soil-dwelling bacterium Pseudomonas diminuta, catalyzes detoxification of organophosphate-based insecticides and chemical warfare agents. The enzyme has attracted significant research attention in light its possible employment as a bioremediation tool. As naturally isolated, is dimeric. Each subunit contains binuclear zinc center that situated at C-terminal portion "TIM" barrel motif. two zincs are separated by ∼3.4 Å coordinated to protein via side...

In 10-30% of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kindreds, the disease is caused by > 29 missense mutations in cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) gene. The amino acid sequence similarity between chicken skeletal muscle and human beta-cardiac myosin three-dimensional structure head have provided opportunity to examine structural consequences these naturally occurring myosin. This study demonstrates that are related distinct functional domains. Twenty-four clustered around four specific...

Abstract —The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 is expressed mainly within the endothelium of atherosclerotic plaques and may be linked with inflammatory mechanisms atherogenesis. IL-1 action complex regulated in part by its naturally occurring inhibitor, receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Therefore, we studied differential specific isoform expression IL-1ra diseased coronary arteries endothelial cells (ECs) stimulated under defined conditions. In view an association gene (IL-1RN)...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-Dimensional Structure of Phosphotriesterase: An Enzyme Capable Detoxifying Organophosphate Nerve AgentsMatthew M. Benning, Jane Kuo, Frank Raushel, and Hazel HoldenCite this: Biochemistry 1994, 33, 50, 15001–15007Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00254a008https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00254a008research-articleACS...

Asparagine synthetase B catalyzes the assembly of asparagine from aspartate, Mg2+ATP, and glutamine. Here, we describe three-dimensional structure enzyme Escherichia coli determined refined to 2.0 Å resolution. Protein employed for this study was that a site-directed mutant protein, Cys1Ala. Large crystals were grown in presence both glutamine AMP. Each subunit dimeric protein folds into two distinct domains. The N-terminal region contains layers antiparallel β-sheet with each layer...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-dimensional structure of the binuclear metal center phosphotriesteraseMatthew M. Benning, Jane Kuo, Frank Raushel, and Hazel HoldenCite this: Biochemistry 1995, 34, 25, 7973–7978Publication Date (Print):January 27, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 27 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00025a002https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00025a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSlow- and fast-binding inhibitors of thermolysin display different modes binding: crystallographic analysis extended phosphonamidate transition-state analogsHazel M. Holden, Dale E. Tronrud, Arthur F. Monzingo, Larry H. Weaver, Brian W. MatthewsCite this: Biochemistry 1987, 26, 8542–8553Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure of Rabbit Muscle Pyruvate Kinase Complexed with Mn2+, K+, and PyruvateTodd M. Larsen, L. Timothy Laughlin, Hazel Holden, Ivan Rayment, George H. ReedCite this: Biochemistry 1994, 33, 20, 6301–6309Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00186a033https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00186a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse...

The cellular pathways of motor neuronal injury have been investigated in the SOD1 G93A murine model familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using laser-capture microdissection and microarray analysis. advantages this study include following: analysis changes specifically neurons (MNs), while still detecting effects interactions with neighboring cells; ability to profile during disease progression, an approach not possible human ALS; use transgenic mice bred on a homogeneous genetic...

Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) is caused, in 20% of cases, by mutations the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1). Although motor neuron injury occurs through a toxic gain function, precise mechanism(s) remains unclear. Using an established NSC34 cellular model for SOD1-associated FALS, we investigated effects mutant SOD1 specifically cells modelling vulnerable cell population, neurons, without contamination from non-neuronal present CNS. expression profiling, 268 transcripts...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-Dimensional Structure of the Biotin Carboxylase Subunit Acetyl-CoA CarboxylaseGrover L. Waldrop, Ivan Rayment, and Hazel M. HoldenCite this: Biochemistry 1994, 33, 34, 10249–10256Publication Date (Print):August 30, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 30 August 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00200a004https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00200a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystallization and structure determination of 2.5-.ANG. resolution the oxidized iron-sulfur [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin isolated from Anabaena 7120Wojciech R. Rypniewski, Deborah Breiter, Matthew M. Benning, Gary Wesenberg, Byung Ha Oh, John L. Markley, Ivan Rayment, Hazel HoldenCite this: Biochemistry 1991, 30, 17, 4126–4131Publication Date (Print):April 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 30 April...