Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in water has been proposed as a promising solar fuel instead of gaseous hydrogen because advantages on easy storage and high energy density, being used one-compartment H2O2 cell for producing electricity demand with emitting only dioxygen (O2) water. It is highly desired to utilize the most earth-abundant seawater precious pure practical use fuel. Here we have achieved efficient photocatalytic production from O2 two-compartment photoelectrochemical using WO3...

We report the structure of organic capping layers platinum colloid nanoparticles and their removal by UV−ozone exposure. Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFGVS) studies identify carbon−hydrogen stretching modes on poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) tetradecyl tributylammonium bromide (TTAB)-capped nanoparticles. found that treatment technique effectively removes layer basis several analytical measurements including SFGVS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance...

Single or mixed oxides of iron and nickel have been examined as catalysts in photocatalytic water oxidation using [Ru(bpy)3]2+ a photosensitizer S2O82– sacrificial oxidant. The catalytic activity ferrite (NiFe2O4) is comparable to that catalyst containing Ir, Ru, Co terms O2 yield evolution rate under ambient reaction conditions. NiFe2O4 also possesses robustness ferromagnetic properties, which are beneficial for easy recovery from the solution after reaction. Water catalysis achieved by...

The photocatalytic water oxidation to evolve O2 was performed by photoirradiation (λ > 420 nm) of an aqueous solution containing [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), Na2S2O8 and water-soluble cobalt complexes with various organic ligands as precatalysts in the pH range 6.0–10. turnover numbers (TONs) based on amount Co for evolution [CoII(Me6tren)(OH2)]2+ (1) [CoIII(Cp*)(bpy)(OH2)]2+ (2) [Me6tren tris(N,N′-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, Cp* η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl] at 9.0 reached 320,...

Structural characteristics of ceria−titania and vanadia/ceria−titania mixed oxides have been investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), photoelectron (XPS) techniques. The (1:1 mole ratio) oxide was obtained by a coprecipitation method, nominal 5 wt % V2O5 deposited over its surface wet impregnation technique. Both the materials were then subjected to thermal treatments from 773 1073 K characterized above-mentioned XRD results suggest that CeO2−TiO2 calcined...

A three-dimensional (3-D) integration technology has been developed for the fabrication of a new 3-D shared-memory test chip. This is based on wafer bonding and thinning method. Five key technologies were developed, namely, formation vertical buried interconnections, metal microbump formations, stacked thinning, alignment, bonding. Deep trenches having diameter 2 mum depth approximately 50 formed in silicon substrate using inductively coupled plasma etching to form interconnections. These...

A series of nanosized Co3O4 particles in which Cu was loaded on the surface were examined as robust catalysts for hydrogen evolution by ammonia borane hydrolysis. Their catalytic activity dependent shape and size Co3O4. The cube, hexagonal sheet, or uncontrolled. Among these, sheet showed highest activity. To investigate dependence reactivity, with controlled about 4, 20, 500 nm examined, it found that one 4 although not remarkable compared dependence. robustness catalyst assured no...

Ceria−praseodymia (CP) nanocrystalline solid solutions were prepared by a coprecipitation method and calcined at various temperatures to understand the thermal effects on physicochemical properties of nano-oxides. The structural redox synthesized samples investigated means X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM-HREM), BET surface area (SBET), Raman spectroscopy (RS), photoelectron (XPS), UV−visible diffuse reflectance (UV−vis DRS), temperature programmed reduction...

This perspective focuses on reaction mechanisms of hydrogen (H2) evolution with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. First, photocatalytic H2 systems catalysts are discussed from the viewpoint how to increase efficiency two-electron process for via photoinduced electron-transfer reactions metal complexes. Two molecules one-electron reduced species [RhIII(Cp*)(bpy)(H2O)](SO4) (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) [IrIII(Cp*)(H2O)(bpm)RuII(bpy)2](SO4)2 (bpm 2,2′-bipyrimidine) produced by converted...

Thermal water oxidation by cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) was catalyzed nonheme iron complexes, such as Fe(BQEN)(OTf)2 (1) and Fe(BQCN)(OTf)2 (2) (BQEN = N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-bis(8-quinolyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, BQCN N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-bis(8-quinolyl)cyclohexanediamine, OTf CF3SO3(-)) in a nonbuffered aqueous solution; turnover numbers of 80 ± 10 20 5 were obtained the O2 evolution reaction 1 2, respectively. The ligand dissociation complexes observed under acidic conditions, dissociated...

Hydrogen peroxide was electrochemically produced by reducing oxygen in an aqueous solution with [Co(TCPP)] as a catalyst and photovoltaic solar cell operating at 0.5 V. thus is utilized fuel for one-compartment Ag–Pb alloy nanoparticles the cathode.

Water oxidation by cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate, CAN, with [IrIII(Cp*)(4,4′-R2-2,2′-bipyridine)(H2O)]2+ (R = OH, OMe, Me or COOH) to evolve oxygen has been investigated together the possible of ligands CAN. The apparent catalytic reactivity is highly dependent on substituent R and highest was obtained when OH. turnover frequency (TOF) catalyticwater CAN [IrIII(Cp*){4,4′-(OH)2-2,2′-bipyridine}(H2O)]2+, which acts as a precatalyst, gradually increased during reaction reach value among Ir...

An iron–phthalocyanine complex was utilized as a cathode for constructing one-compartment hydrogen peroxide fuel cell operated under acidic conditions the first time. The protonation to phthalocyanine ligand is crucial exhibit high activity toward reduction. Nafion® coating of anode improved stability cell.

Decomposition of H₂O₂ on an electrode was suppressed in the presence Lewis acids.

Cobalt-containing metal oxides [perovskites (LaCoO3, NdCoO3, YCoO3, La0.7Sr0.3CoO3), spinel (Co3O4) and wolframite (CoWO4)] have been examined as catalysts for photocatalytic water oxidation with Na2S2O8 [Ru(bpy)3]2+ an electron acceptor a photosensitizer, respectively. Catalysts the perovskite structure exhibited higher catalytic activity compared structures. LaCoO3, which stabilizes Co(III) species in structure, highest CoWO4, Co3O4 La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 contain Co(II) or Co(IV) matrices. The...

Efficient photocatalytic production of H2O2 as a promising solar fuel from H2O and O2 in water has been achieved by the combination bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) durable photocatalyst with narrow band gap for oxidation cobalt chlorin complex (CoII(Ch)) selective electrocatalyst two-electron reduction two-compartment photoelectrochemical cell separated Nafion membrane under simulated light illumination. The concentration produced reaction solution cathode reached high 61 mM, when surface-modified...

Abstract Clean and highly efficient production of solar fuels as well effective methods to store have long been sought solve global energy environmental issues. Among such gaseous hydrogen carbon monoxide, aqueous peroxide (H 2 O ) is an ideal chemical for storage, because endothermic H decomposition produces only water oxygen. In addition, can be transported in plastic containers with a high density. converted into electricity by using fuel cells without membrane composed anode cathode,...

Microstructure evolution of ceria-based mixed oxides CeO2−MO2 (M = Si4+, Ti4+, and Zr4+) after thermal treatments in the temperature range 773−1073 K were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), other techniques. The CeO2−SiO2 was synthesized a deposition precipitation method, coprecipitation procedure adopted to make CeO2−TiO2 CeO2−ZrO2 binary oxides. XRD measurements revealed presence crystalline cubic CeO2 on surface SiO2 CeO2−SiO2,...

X-ray diffraction, Raman, and photoelectron spectroscopy were utilized to characterize CeO2/SiO2 supports V2O5/CeO2/SiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures from 773 1073 K. The support was obtained by an aqueous deposition precipitation method, vanadium oxide applied the (773 K) using a wet impregnation technique. XRD Raman results suggest that carrier is thermally quite stable up K calcination temperature primarily consists of CeO2 overlayer on SiO2 substrate. also accommodates...

The evolution and physicochemical characteristics of CeO2−ZrO2 V2O5/CeO2−ZrO2 samples under the influence thermal treatments from 773 to 1073 K were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area, Raman spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). mixed oxide was synthesized by a coprecipitation method, nominal 12 wt % V2O5 deposited over calcined support (773 K) wet impregnation technique. powder analysis suggests formation Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 cubic phase at K. With increasing...