The indolizidine alkaloids swainsonine and N -oxide have been isolated identified as constituents of spotted locoweed. inhibition lysosomal α-mannosidase by these suggests that they are the causative agents locoism in range animals.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCastanospermine inhibits the processing of oligosaccharide portion influenza viral hemagglutininY. T. Pan, Hidetaka Hori, Rick Saul, Barbara A. Sanford, Russell J. Molyneux, and Alan D. ElbeinCite this: Biochemistry 1983, 22, 16, 3975–3984Publication Date (Print):August 2, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 2 August 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00285a038RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAustraline, a Novel Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Glucosidase Inhibitor from Castanospermum australeRussell J. Molyneux, Mabry Benson, Rosalind Y. Wong, Joseph E. Tropea, and Alan D. ElbeinCite this: Nat. Prod. 1988, 51, 6, 1198–1206Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 November 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50060a024https://doi.org/10.1021/np50060a024research-articleACS...

Aflatoxins are considered to be potent carcinogens and teratogens humans farm animals. A variety of species the fungal genus Aspergillus (mainly A. flavus parasiticus) synthesize aflatoxins. Spores these fungi common in air soil agricultural areas temperate tropical environments. Because aflatoxigenic ubiquitous opportunistic, aflatoxin contamination has become a food safety concern. The chief U.S. crops affected by threat with include corn, peanuts, cottonseed, certain tree nuts....

Tulare walnut, a cultivar highly resistant to aflatoxin formation, was investigated for endogenous phytochemical constituents capable of inhibiting aflatoxigenesis in Aspergillus flavus. The activity, located entirely the pellicle (seed coat), extractable various degrees with polar solvents, although some activity remained unextractable, indicating that bioactivity resided complex hydrolyzable tannins. These tannins can be hydrolyzed by fungal tannase present A. flavus, yielding gallic acid...

Natural intoxication of livestock by the ingestion Ipomoea carnea (Convolvulaceae) sometimes occurs in tropical regions world. Polyhydroxylated alkaloids were isolated from leaves, flowers, and seeds poisonous plant characterized. Chromatographic separation leaf extract resulted isolation swainsonine (1), 2-epi-lentiginosine (2), calystegines B1 (3), B2 (4), B3 (5), C1 (6), N-methyl-trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (7). The contents 1 fresh leaves flowers 0.0029 0.0028%, respectively, whereas 1, 3,...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of toxic range plants. Variation in pyrrolizidine alkaloid content Senecio, Amsinckia, and Crotalaria speciesA. Earl Johnson, Russell J. Molyneux, Glory B. MerrillCite this: Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 1, 50–55Publication Date (Print):January 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00061a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00061a015research-articleACS...

This perspective is designed to summarize the standards that authors of manuscripts submitted Journal Agricultural and Food Chemistry are expected follow in establishing structures either new or unknown compounds identified course a study. It especially important molecular formulas be determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry combustion analysis. All relevant physical, spectroscopic, spectrometric data should also reported, so other research workers have criteria for comparison with...

Livestock poisoning, primarily liver damage, caused by consumption of plants containing 1,2-dehydropyrrolizidine ester alkaloids (dehydroPAs), and the corresponding N-oxides, is a relatively common occurrence worldwide. Because economic impact, extensive investigations such episodes have been performed, particularly in Australia, South Africa United States and, more recently, America. Plant species most commonly involved are members families Boraginaceae, Asteraceae Leguminosae. These may be...

Production of the harmful carcinogenic aflatoxins by Aspergillus parasiticus and flavus has been postulated to be a mechanism relieve oxidative stress. The msnA gene A. is ortholog Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSN2 that associated with multi-stress response. Compared wild type strains, deletion (∆msnA) strains exhibited retarded colony growth increased conidiation. ∆msnA also produced slightly higher amounts elevated kojic acid on mixed cereal medium. Microarray assays showed expression genes...

An analytical method has been developed to measure the locoweed toxin, swainsonine, in plant material. Dry ground samples were extracted using a small-scale liquid/liquid extraction procedure followed by isolation of swainsonine solid phase with cation-exchange resin. Detection and quantitation accomplished reversed high-performance liquid chromatography coupled atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(2)). The limit was estimated be 0.001% weight dry...

A novel plant-induced lysosomal storage disease was observed in goats from a village Mozambique. Affected animals were ataxic, with head tremors and nystagmus. Because of lack suitable feed, the consumed an exotic hedge plant growing that identified as Ipomoea carnea (shrubby morning glory, Convolvulaceae). The toxicosis reproduced by feeding I. material to goats. In acute cases, histologic changes brain spinal cord comprised widespread cytoplasmic vacuolation neurons glial cells association...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIdentification of the Glycosidase Inhibitors Swainsonine and Calystegine B2 in Weir Vine (Ipomoea sp. Q6 {aff. calobra}) Correlation with ToxicityRussell J. Molyneux, Ross A. McKenzie, Brian M. O'Sullivan, Alan D. ElbeinCite this: Nat. Prod. 1995, 58, 6, 878–886Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 June...