The Chinese government has set long-term carbon neutrality and renewable energy (RE) development goals for the power sector. Despite a precipitous decline in costs of RE technologies, external intermittency massive investments new capacities would increase electricity costs. Here, we develop system expansion model to comprehensively evaluate changes supply over 30-year transition neutrality. curves, operating security constraints, characteristics various generation units are modelled detail...

With the rapid development of technologies such as big data and cloud computing, communication computing in form exponential growth have led to a large amount energy consumption centers. Globally, centers will become world’s largest users consumption, with ratio rising from 3% 2017 4.5% 2025. Due its unique climate energy-saving advantages, high-latitude area Pan-Arctic region has gradually hotspot for center site selection recent years. In order predict analyze future carbon emissions...

Converting wind energy into ammonia (WtA) has been recognized as a promising pathway to produce "green" compared with traditional coal-based technologies. As the key part of WtA, Power-to-Ammonia (PtA) great potential facilitate usage generation. This paper proposes co-planning approach for regional resources-based industry and electric network (EN). To this end, PtA is first modeled flexible power load systems spatial temporal constraints on hydrogen supply chains (HSC). Then novel model...

The large-scale centralized development of wind and PV power resources is the key to China’s dual carbon targets clean energy transition. vast desert–Gobi–wilderness areas in northern western China will be best choice for renewable under multiple considerations endowment, land use constraints, technical conditions, economic level. It urgent carry out a quantitative resource assessment study areas. This paper proposed multi-dimensional method considering influence grid transportation...

Power transmission across the sea is an important part of global energy interconnection (GEI). To support construction GEI and to serve needs future clean trans-sea transportation offshore wind power development, this study a) analyzes requirements backbone network pertaining direct current (DC) submarine cable technology, b) defines key technical economic indices ultrahigh-voltage (UHVDC) based on theoretical computations. The research thermoelectric coupling model finite element method. It...

Abstract Integrating a high penetration of renewable energy for developing sustainable and low‐carbon electric system is becoming common trend around the world. Many studies have evaluated storage requirement accommodating variable (VRE). However, in situation penetration, there will be huge potential long‐term addressing seasonal imbalance between VRE load demand. Thus, key element evaluating demand enabling identifying timescales needed economic combination short‐term storages. This...

With the urgent requirement of utilization renewable energy (RE) for decarbonization systems, power transmission via high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines shows limits in face fluctuations RE generation. This paper addresses coordinated planning HVDCs and power-to-hydrogen supply chains (P2HSCs) utilization. First, lumped cluster model large-scale is established based on derivation maximum production points. On this basis, P2HSC modeled as a constrained load. Then, multi-objective...

Solar PV is expected to become the most cost-competitive renewable energy owing rapidly decreasing cost of system. On other hand, hydropower a high-quality and reliable regulating power source that can be bundled with solar improve economic feasibility long-distance transmitted power. In this paper, quantification model established taking into account capacity reservoir, characteristics generation, hydro transmission based on installed ratio hydro-solar hybrid Results indicate for stations...

To achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, decarbonization in the energy sector is crucial. Hydrogen expected to be vital for achieving aim of two reasons: use power-to-hydrogen (P2H) can avoid emissions from hydrogen production, which traditionally performed using fossil fuels; P2H stored long durations large scales and then delivered as industrial raw material or fed back power system depending on demand. In this study, we focus analysis evaluation value terms improvement flexibility system,...

In order to achieve carbon neutrality in a few decades, the clean energy proportion power mix of China will significantly rise over 90%. A consensus has been reached recently that it be great significance promote hydrogen energy, is produced by variable renewable generation, as mainstay form view its potential value on achieving neutrality. This because capable complementing system and realizing further electrification, especially section cannot easily replaced electric energy. Power related...

Abstract Quantitative assessment and effective utilization of wind energy resources in global range are substantively meaningful contemporary low‐carbon scenarios. In order to enrich the with large‐scale applicability, multi‐factor consideration quantitative economic analysis, a multi‐criteria method for both environmental factors (existing power grids, transportation, etc.) is proposed. Based on 18 items basic digital data, model established from three dimensions theoretical, technical...

Low carbon power system with high penetration of clean energy is an effective way to realize the emission target. Long term planning should consider both technical constraints and reasonable investment cost forecasting. For forecasting in long term, effect on by progress scale be taken into consideration both. Investment can affect results installed capacity, while capacity affects result mutually. There no paper that takes or analyzes mutual between planned Technical quantified TRL...

The clean and zero-carbon "green hydrogen" represented by electrically producing hydrogen from renewable energy, is the most important development direction of production technology in future. "Green plays key role connection energy sources some cases end-use energy. Performing research on potential distributions related economies green will promote industry China. In order to evaluate economics hydrogen, this work proposed a set evaluation algorithms optimization models for cost production,...

There is active power coupling between ac system and dc in ac/dc interconnected grid, modular multilevel converter based HVDC (MMC-HVDC) could not completely isolate the fault from to or system. In order achieve effect of independent decoupling operation make full use "firewall" function MMC-HVDC system, battery energy storage (BESS) a preferred choice. For BESS this paper firstly analyzes basic structure principal. Then, on numerical integration nested fast simultaneous simulation approach,...

The Global Energy Interconnection is an important strategic approach used to achieve efficient worldwide energy allocation. idea of developing integrated power, information, and transportation networks provides increased power interconnection functionality meaning, helps condense forces, accelerates the integration global infrastructure. Correspondingly, it envisaged that will become trend industrial technological development in future. In consideration current development, this study...

With the increasing development of renewable energy resources in South America, to analyze "the location", quantity" and quality" wind solar will, not only benefit for one country on efficient resource utilization, but also promote realization large- scale international utilization complementation. Argentina, as a major researches its is great significance. This paper completed assessment through modeling estimating theoretical reserves, technical potential installed capacity cost Argentina....

<title>Abstract</title> Interbasin water transfer is a globally employed and significant strategy to address scarcity, conflicts, achieve specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The issue of loss during the process has garnered increasing attention with construction diversion projects. This study aims focus on primary factors influencing in Middle Route South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MR-SNWDP) from humanistic perspective based innovative comprehensive evaluation method...

Power flow control and DC fault protection are two major problems faced by high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grids. The modular multilevel power controller (MMPFC) has the bidirectional operation capability of both voltage current, which meet demand for control. hybrid HVDC circuit breaker ultrafast interruption capability. In this paper, based on aforementioned equipment, an improved (IHCB) with is proposed. Firstly, MMPFC introduced, respectively. Secondly, IHCB IHCB, load commutation...