A5025919999- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Space exploration and regulation
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Structural Health Monitoring Techniques
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Flow Measurement and Analysis
- Water resources management and optimization
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
2008
Imperial College London
2005
Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium
2005
University of Leicester
2005
Science Applications International Corporation (United States)
2005
Met Office
2005
Analytical Services & Materials (United States)
2005
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
2005
National Institute of Aerospace
2005
University of Reading
2005
This paper reports on a new satellite sensor, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) experiment. GERB is designed to make first measurements of Earth's radiation budget from geostationary orbit. Measurements at high absolute accuracy reflected sunlight Earth, and thermal emitted by are made every 15 min, with spatial resolution subsatellite point 44.6 km (north–south) 39.3 (east–west). With knowledge incoming solar constant, this gives primary forcing response components...
The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) is a program that measures Earth radiation budget (ERB) from two polar orbiting satellite platforms. CERES radiometers are designed to make stable broadband measurements of scattered solar emitted thermal radiative flux leaving with an accuracy 1% or better. Using versatile programmable scan modes, it also possible for every instrument view Moon on each orbit. However, until now, has not been derive absolute lunar irradiance using...
Cloud radiative forcing climate signals cannot be detected and proved sufficiently by the existing space-based Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) measurements due to insufficient instrument calibration accuracy, relative sizes of mere decadal-scale trends. This paper, therefore, introduces a new project called Moon ERB Experiment (MERBE). Its methodology is for all earth observations using broadband thermal detectors, such as bolometers, adhere toward more traceable standards based on scans our...
Abstract Orbital Earth Radiation Budget measurement comparisons to models, are critical for climate prediction confidence. Satellite systems must reduce calibration drifts this purpose. NASA Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) measures albedo reductions that if correct, would increase solar forcing suggest greater sunlight absorption is driving much of recent temperature increases. Such results presented, alongside those from Moon Experiment (MERBE). MERBE uses constant...
It is important to maintain measurements of Earth Radiation Budget parameters from orbit. Such require broadband radiance detectors such as bolometers or thermopiles that rely on the conversion radiant energy into heat. This heat conversion/conduction results in a thermal detector typically having an exponential time lag few milliseconds. However, it found there often far slower 'slow mode transient' response around 300ms because mounting material tends rise temperature flows out its...
Abstract Among the best ways to gain more certainty in climate model prediction is compare and constrain simulations with worldwide satellite measurements of Earth radiation budget (ERB) short- longwave radiant fluxes (SW LW), which drive processes. Recent calls ensure orbital ERB track true climate, rather than instrument changes, led creation Moon Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE). This independent project recalibrating multiple existing devices from different international space...
A spreadsheet based computer model has been developed which calculates the atmospheric chlorine loading from 1985 to 2100 using globally averaged mass balance equations. It models fourteen containing halocarbons, utilizing available data on production rates, growth, use and lifetimes. Delay coefficients are also employed allow for effect of halocarbons retained in equipment a period time before release. The is used investigate sensitivity current future forcing factors.
Moon calibrated radiometrically stable and relatively accurate Earth reflected solar measurements from the Radiation Budget Experiment (MERBE) are compared here to primary channels of coaligned Terra/Aqua MODIS instruments. A space-based climate observing system immune untracked drifts due varying instrument calibration is a key priority for science. Measuring these changes in radiometers such as compensating them critical system. The independent MERBE project using monthly lunar scans has...
Residual pressure intensity index measurements and performance evaluation of sound probes analyzers are discussed. The residual was determined separately for the using identical electrical input signals, probe analyzer combinations sound-pressure inputs. Both FFT digital frequency were examined in investigations. results show that depends on signal levels, any phase compensation scheme should be considered relation to these measurements. Performance a gating technique large enclosed space....