Coal mine disaster prevention is a fundamental course within mining engineering and coal safety curricula. Given the complexity variability of disasters, it crucial to cultivate students’ practical awareness address challenges encountered in this field. Virtual reality (VR) technology, with its highly realistic reusable virtual environments, reduces resource consumption required for on-site training. Additionally, offers an effective solution students safely efficiently understand master...

Abstract. Afforestation has been considered a critical nature-based solution to mitigate global warming. China announced an ambitious afforestation plan covering area of 73.78×104 km2 for the period 2020–2050. However, it is unclear which areas will be suitable under future climate change. Here, we carried out finer-resolution (25×25 km) dynamical downscaling change using Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model nested with bias-corrected MPI-ESM1-2-HR model. Then, Holdridge life zone...

Abstract We conducted three pairs of 21‐year (1980–2000) experiments using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. The paired two experiment members were identical, except for underlying land use/cover data, which from early 1980s 2000 (hereafter, EXP1980 EXP2000), respectivley. differences in EXP2000 primarily induced by change (LUCC) to 2000. To minimize effects WRF model uncertainties, ensemble mean couples was applied. found that modifications LUCC on summer precipitation over...

Abstract The Heihe River Basin, located in Northwest China, serves as a major commodity grain base China due to its state‐of‐the‐art irrigation system. rapid increase soil moisture caused by can alter the land–atmosphere energy fluxes and regulate regional climate. However, effects mechanisms of on wind speed related thermodynamics remain unclear. Here, we carried out two 10‐year numerical simulations using Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model incorporating real‐time scheme. By comparing...

Extreme weather and climate events are becoming increasingly frequent have gained an increasing amount of attention. cooling (EC) a major challenge to socioeconomic sustainability human health. Based on meteorological stations NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, this study analyzed the temporal spatial distributions EC in winter China by using relative threshold relationship between Arctic Oscillation (AO) index during period 1961–2017. The results show that frequency decreased 0.730 d these 57...

Abstract This study depicts changes in the warm season (May to September) Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) quantifying outdoor thermal comfort over Loess Plateau from 1982 2015 and examines its relationship with large-scale climate local vegetation restoration under Grain for Green Program (GGP) after 1999. The results show that UTCI experienced an increasing trend of 0.074/a 1999 subsequently a weakly decreasing −0.002/a 2015. shift was predominantly determined by surface air...

Abstract Spatial and temporal distributions influencing factors of extreme precipitation are important bases for coping with future climate change. The spatiotemporal variability affecting indices (EPIs) in East northwest China (ENW) during 1961–2015 were investigated using a series approaches such as modified Mann-Kendall trend test, Hurst exponent, Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), geodetector model. results showed that CDD CWD decreased significantly (P < 0.01), rates 1.4...

Abstract A comprehensive climate model assessment from multiple dimensions is critical for selection to reduce uncertainties. Here, we evaluated the performance of seven models involved in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 (CMIP6) by comparing simulated meteorological variables at near-surface (sea ice cover and sea surface temperature) pressure levels (air temperature, specific humidity, zonal wind, meridional geopotential height 850 hPa, 500 200 hPa) those using ERA5 reanalysis data...

Cold surges (CS) are the most serious extreme cold event in winter China, causing large economic losses and casualties. However, occurrence of surge events has slightly increased since 1990s. Therefore, it remains unclear regard to possible future changes, quantifying robust projected changes is important for developing adaptation policy planning. Here, we project strong (SCS) using weighted multi-model ensemble (MME) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) through application...

Abstract In the context of global warming, frequency and intensity extreme weather climate events are increasing. However, impact these changes that is directly felt by people day-to-day temperature change. Extreme between neighboring days (ETCNs) carry substantial disease risks socioeconomic impacts. Evaluative studies ETCN with circulation models (GCMs) remain unknown in China. This study quantitatively evaluates performances 36 GCMs multi-model ensemble (MME) Coupled Model Intercomparison...

Cold surge (CS) events are the most serious extreme cold in winter China, causing large economic losses and casualties. The occurrence of CS has slightly increased since 1990s. However, possible future changes these remain unclear, quantifying robust projected is important for developing adaptation policy planning. Here, we project strong (SCS) using weighted multi-model ensemble (MME) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) through application rank-based weighting (RBW) approach...