A5014255363- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Fire Detection and Safety Systems
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Big Data and Business Intelligence
- Landslides and related hazards
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Cloud Computing and Resource Management
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
University of Colorado System
2021-2024
University of Colorado Boulder
2009-2024
Boise State University
2024
BAE Systems (United States)
2024
PDF Solutions (United States)
2024
The Aerospace Corporation
2024
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
2024
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2021-2023
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2014-2022
California Institute of Technology
2014
The 2017–2027 National Academies' Decadal Survey, Thriving on Our Changing Planet, recommended Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) as a "Designated Targeted Observable" (DO). SBG DO is based the need for capabilities to acquire global, high spatial resolution, visible shortwave infrared (VSWIR; 380–2500 nm; ~30 m pixel resolution) hyperspectral (imaging spectroscopy) multispectral midwave thermal (MWIR: 3–5 μm; TIR: 8–12 ~60 measurements with sub-monthly temporal revisits over terrestrial,...
Structure loss is an acute, costly impact of the wildfire crisis in western conterminous United States ("West"), motivating need to understand recent trends and causes. We document a 246% rise West-wide structure from wildfires between 1999-2009 2010-2020, driven strongly by events 2017, 2018, 2020. Increased was not due increased area burned alone. Wildfires became significantly more destructive, with 160% higher structure-loss rate (loss/kha burned) over past decade. primarily unplanned...
Abstract Hypotheses that megafires, very large, high‐impact fires, are caused by either climate effects such as drought or fuel accumulation due to fire exclusion with accompanying changes forest structure have long been alleged and guided policy, but their physical basis remains untested. Here, unique airborne observations microscale simulations using a coupled weather–wildland‐fire‐behavior model allowed recent megafire, the King Fire, be deconstructed relative impacts of structure, load,...
Fire is an integral component of ecosystems globally and a tool that humans have harnessed for millennia. Altered fire regimes are fundamental cause consequence global change, impacting people the biophysical systems on which they depend. As part newly emerging Anthropocene, marked by human-caused climate change radical changes to ecosystems, danger increasing, fires having increasingly devastating impacts human health, infrastructure, ecosystem services. Increasing vexing problem requires...
Very large wildfires can cause significant economic and environmental damage, including destruction of homes, adverse air quality, firefighting costs even loss life. We examine how climate is associated with very wildland fires (VLWFs ≥50000 acres, or ~20234ha) in the western contiguous USA. used composite records fire to investigate spatial temporal variability VLWF–climatic relationships. Results showed quantifiable weather leading up 3 weeks post VLWF discovery, thus providing predictors...
Observations of planet Earth from space are a critical resource for science and society. Satellite measurements represent very large investments United States (US) agencies organize their effort to maximize the return on that investment. The US National Research Council conducts survey applications prioritize observations coming decade. most recent prioritized visible shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer multispectral thermal imager meet range needs studying Surface Biology Geology (SBG)....
Abstract Smoke from wildfires has adverse biological and social consequences, various lines of evidence suggest that smoke in the future may be more intense widespread, demanding methods developed to address its effects on people, ecosystems, atmosphere. In this paper, we present essential ingredients a modeling system for projecting consequences rapidly warming climate is expected change wildfire regimes significantly. We describe each component system, offer suggestions elements agenda,...
Abstract Increasing fire impacts across North America are associated with climate and vegetation change, greater exposure through development expansion, less-well studied but salient social vulnerabilities. We at a critical moment in the contemporary human-fire relationship, an urgent need to transition from emergency response proactive measures that build sustainable communities, protect human health, restore use of necessary for maintaining ecosystem processes. propose integrated risk...
Aim Topography, climate and plant water stress influence the spatial patterns of burn severity (damage to soils vegetation associated with wildfires); however, relative importance these predictors remains contested. We hypothesized that high-resolution pre-fire stress, measured using evapotranspiration (ET), evaporative index (ESI) use efficiency (WUE), are strong severity. Location California, USA. Time period 2019–2020. Major taxa studied Forests, chaparral, oaks grasslands. Methods used...
Abstract Spectroscopic reflectance data provide novel information on the properties of Earth's terrestrial and aquatic surfaces. Until recently, imaging spectroscopy missions were dependent mainly airborne instruments, such as Next Generation Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS‐NG), providing limited spatial temporal observations. Currently, there is an emergence spaceborne missions, which require advances in end‐to‐end model support for traceability studies. To this...
Abstract The Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) concept is the first National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) Earth mission to develop implement systematic integration of science application needs at architecture study stage. Prior NASA planning activities presumed that measurement would encompasss so did not explicitly evaluate include applications this However, effort presented here identified, documented integrated have been included by considering research only. First, a low...
High spatial resolution maps of Los Angeles, California are needed to capture the heterogeneity urban land cover while spanning regional domain used in carbon and water cycle models. We present a simplified framework for developing high map vegetation Southern Air Basin (SoCAB) with publicly available satellite imagery. This method uses Sentinel-2 (10–60 × 10–60 m) National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) (0.6 0.6 optical imagery classify non-urban areas impervious surface, tree, grass,...
Future climate change and its effects on social ecological systems present challenges for preserving valued ecosystem services, including local regional air quality. Wildfire is a major source of air‐quality impact in some locations, substantial contributor to pollutants concern, nitrogen oxides particulate matter, which are regulated protect public environmental health. Since expected increase total area burned by wildfire wildfires affect quality, regulated, there need define study...
The decline in biodiversity Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs) and other shrublands underscores the importance of understanding trends species loss through consistent vegetation mapping over broad spatial temporal ranges, which is increasingly accomplished with optical remote sensing (imaging spectroscopy). Airborne missions planned by National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) groups (e.g., US Ecological Observatory Network, NEON) are essential for improving high-quality maps plant...
[1] There is limited information about the relative magnitude of spectral variations in ionizing component solar irradiance on cycle timescales. We found that Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics, and Dynamics (TIMED)/Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Experiment (SEE) Version 9 values predict relatively more ionospheric heating at minimum than those from 8. These changes have direct impacts timescale thermospheric energy inputs derived them. Photoelectron observations Fast Auroral...
It is important to understand the distribution of irrigated and non-irrigated vegetation in rapidly expanding urban areas that are experiencing climate-induced changes water availability, such as Los Angeles, California. Mapping Angeles necessary for developing sustainable use practices accurately accounting megacity’s carbon exchange balance changes. However, pre-existing maps largely limited agricultural regions too coarse resolve heterogeneous landscapes. Previous research suggests...
Abstract. Traditional methods for assessing fire danger often depend on meteorological forecasts, which have reduced reliability after ∼10 d. Recent studies demonstrated long lead-time correlations between pre-fire-season hydrological variables such as soil moisture and later occurrence or area burned, yet the potential value of these relationships operational forecasting has not been studied. Here, we use data refined by remote sensing observations terrestrial water storage from NASA's...