Describes a theory that focuses on social conflicts and the concepts of power, influence, identity retributive justice. The text begins with an examination critique traditional theories aggression, including biological, physiological criminological perspectives.

The National Crime Victimization Survey is used to examine factors that encourage and inhibit victims of domestic violence from calling the police. Victims are less likely than other types call police because their privacy concerns, fear reprisal, desire protect offenders, but they more for self‐protection perceive assaults as serious. As a result these offsetting factors, just assault

ABSTRACT* * This article examines the interactive process leading to criminal violence. Official data from 159 incidents of homicide and assault that were not committed in conjunction with other crimes resulted incarceration examined respect actions offenders, victims, third parties. These tended follow systematic patterns. They began identity attacks, followed by attempts failures influence antagonist. Threats made finally verbal conflict ended physical attack. It appears retaliation is a...

We examine the effects of gender victim and offender their relationship to each other on whether sexual physical assaults are reported police. also reasons victims give for not reporting patterns have changed over time. The analyses based a sample 6,291 1,787 from National Violence Against Women Survey. results suggest that just as likely report domestic they by people know. Male particularly reluctant intimate partners, whereas third parties unlikely partners either gender. Sexual assaults,...

The revised National Crime Victimization Survey is used to examine the effects of victim's relationship offender on whether assaults are reported police by either victim or third parties. results indicate that offender‐victim affects third‐party but not reporting. former effect occurs in part because parties unlikely witness involving people ongoing relationships, particularly couples, and reluctant report minor (i.e., those involve a threat no actual attack weapon). We discuss possible...

Impression management theory is used to derive hypotheses about the escalation of incidents involving aggression and violence among samples general population, ex-mental patients, ex-criminal offenders. Respondents were interviewed they had been involved in at four levels severity: which angry but did nothing it; verbal disputes; physical no weapon; a weapon was used. The findings generally support impression theory: (I) respondents more likely express their anger when insulted, particularly...

AbstractThe latest version of the frustration-aggression hypothesis (here, FA) posits that any form negative affect or distress is likely to increase likelihood aggression. Stressful life events could thus produce aggression and violence because they create affect. In contrast, social interactionist (SI) approach interprets many acts as expressions grievances informal control. cause people behave in ways lead others attack them. This study examines these approaches using (1) an adult sample...

L'idee que chaque individu a de soi-meme est fonction la facon dont il percoit les reactions des autres son egard. Des ecoliers evaluent en leurs pairs, leur propre potentiel d'attirance physique

The role of physical size and strength in sex differences violence is examined using a sample ex‐offenders, ex‐mental patients, the general population. In incidents not involving weapons, males are more likely than females to engage attacks injure their adversaries, be attacked injured, primarily because power. greater power partially neutralized, adversary. results show that between men women an important factor explaining violence.

Journal Article The Subculture of Violence and Delinquency: Individual vs. School Context Effects Get access Richard B. Felson, Felson State University New York at Albany Direct correspondence to Department Sociology, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Allen E. Liska, Liska Scott J. South, South Thomas L. McNulty Social Forces, Volume 73, Issue 1, September 1994, Pages 155–173, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/73.1.155...

This paper suggests six propositions from impression management theory to account for interpersonal aggression where there is no material gain, and reviews evidence supporting these propositions. approach that initial attacks are often inadvertent retaliation may be an attempt reinstate a favorable situational identity when one has been attacked. The particularly useful in: (I) explaining why perceived intentional attack elicits aggression; (2) recognizing the importance of role...

We examine the relationship between income inequality, poverty, and different types of crime. Our results are consistent with recent research in showing that inequality is unrelated to homicide rates when poverty controlled. In our multi-level analyses International Crime Victimization Survey we find assault, robbery, burglary, theft argue there also theoretical reasons doubt level a country affects likelihood criminal behaviour.

Imagine what it would be like if humans had monitors inserted in their foreheads that revealed evaluations of whomever they were viewing at the time. Everyone know exactly everyone else thought them. When encountered strangers how attractive were. stated an opinion find out when other person stupid. It difficult to ignore such feedback, particularly was consistent. I suspect that might interesting for a few days, but after awhile many us stay home, partly avoid assaults on our person,...

This research explores the utility of notion lethal intent for understanding outcomes injurious attacks. We suggest that assailants sometimes kill rather than merely injure victims to avoid either retaliation or criminal prosecution. hypothesize that, these tactical reasons, offenders will be more likely when they have no accomplices, their are male black, and victim can identify them. These hypotheses tested with a merged data set containing information on homicides nonlethal victimizations...

The literature on the effect of exposure to media violence (including violent pornography) aggressive behavior is critically reviewed. Evidence and theoretical arguments regarding short-term long-term effects are discussed. Three points emphasized: 1. Exposure in laboratory field experiments as likely affect nonaggressive antisocial it does behavior. pattern consistent with a sponsor rather than modeling effect: an experimenter who shows films creates permissive atmosphere; 2. message that...

Although numerous studies have examined the influence of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on quantity violence, little attention has been devoted to whether such conditions also shape quality violence. Drawing Anderson's (1999) influential ethnography, we derive several hypotheses about how nature violence differs across neighborhoods with varying conditions. Using data assaults and robberies from area‐identified National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), our analyses reveal support...

Violence is often used to control the behavior of others. Some scholars hypothesize that this motive particularly common when men attack their female partners. To measure we determine whether offender in assaults threatened victim before attack; threats typically are others' behavior. We predict a statistical interaction involving offender's gender, victim's and offender-victim relationship. Analyses based on data from revised National Crime Victimization Survey reveal such an interaction,...

We examine the standard socialization explanation of gender differences in mathematics performance using data from children Grades 5 through 12. argue that processes must be more specific if they are to explain why boys outperform girls on some tests while others

Longitudinal data are used to estimate the reciprocal relationship between parental support and self-esteem among children in fifth through eighth grades. The results suggest that parents' supportive behavior-as measured by children's reports-affects of but also affects how much report their parents give them. In addition, have a greater effect on girls than boys. Finally, mothers fathers similar effects for both