A5035686181- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Digestive system and related health
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Global Health and Surgery
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
University of California, Riverside
2018-2025
Harvard University
2019-2023
Harvard Global Health Institute
2021
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
2021
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, triggered a global pandemic with severe medical and socioeconomic consequences. While fatality rates are higher among the elderly those underlying comorbidities, host factors that promote susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection poorly understood. Although individuals certain autoimmune/inflammatory disorders show increased viral infections, there is incomplete knowledge of in these diseases. The aim our study was investigate whether...
Anemia is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Iron deficiency frequent cause anemia in IBD; however, mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Here, we investigated role IBD risk gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), regulating iron homeostasis. Proteomic analyses were performed on serum from patients genotyped for IBD-associated loss-of-function rs1893217 PTPN2 variant. Constitutive Ptpn2 wild (WT), heterozygous...
Objective: Women experiencing homelessness are at increased risk of cervical cancer and have disproportionately low Pap screening behaviors compared to the general population. Prevalence refusals multiple kinds trauma, specifically sexual high among homeless women. This qualitative study explored how trauma affects experiences, behaviors, provider practices in context homelessness. Methods: We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with patients providers from sites a Federally Qualified Health...
Evidence on heterogeneity in outcomes of surgical quality interventions low-income and middle-income countries is limited. We explored factors driving performance the Safe Surgery 2020 intervention Tanzania's Lake Zone to distil implementation lessons for low-resource settings. identified higher (n=3) lower performers from quantitative data improvement 14 safety teamwork communication indicators at 0 12 months 10 facilities, using a positive deviance framework. From 72 key informant...
Minority social status determined by religion, caste and tribal group affiliations, are usually treated as independent dimensions of inequities in India. This masks relative privileges disadvantages at the intersections religion-caste religion-tribal their associations with population health disparities.
Objectives Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are linked with a wide range of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including bowel diseases (IBD), where pathobionts penetrate barrier promote reactions. In patients IBD, ability macrophages to efficiently clear invading pathogens is compromised resulting increased bacterial translocation excessive immune Here, we investigated how an IBD-associated loss-of-function variant protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 ( PTPN2 )...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis involves significant contributions from genetic and environmental factors. Loss-of-function single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) gene increase IBD risk are associated with altered microbiome population dynamics IBD. Expansion of intestinal pathobionts, such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC), is strongly implicated AIEC increases pro-inflammatory cytokine production alters tight...
Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells that often divided into two major subsets: classically activated, typically pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages mediate host defense, and alternatively tolerance-inducing (M2) exert homeostatic tissue-regenerative functions. Disturbed macrophage function/differentiation results either in inadequate, excessive activation or failure to induce efficient protective responses against pathogens. Loss-of-function variants protein...
Macrophages intimately interact with intestinal epithelial cells, but the consequences of defective macrophage-epithelial cell interactions for protection against enteric pathogens are poorly understood. Here, we show that in mice a deletion protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) macrophages, infection Citrobacter rodentium, model enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic E. coli humans, promoted strong 1/IL-22-driven immune response, culminating accelerated disease also faster...
With the launch of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), India accelerated access to improved sanitation in a ‘mass movement’ emphasising people’s participation and political leadership. However, SBM continues be implemented at administrative unit districts, disassociated from electoral units Parliamentary Constituencies (PC). We provide estimates India’s 543 PCs by their performance on three important Water Sanitation Hygiene (WASH) indicators: unsafe disposal child stool, unimproved drinking water...
Loss of activity the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (
Abstract Background and Aims A cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exhibit expansion the gut pathobiont, adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). Loss activity IBD susceptibility gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase type 2 ( PTPN2 ), results in dysbiosis microbiota both human subjects mice. Further, constitutive Ptpn2 knock-out -KO) mice display AIEC compared to wildtype littermates. CEACAM6, a host cell surface glycoprotein, is exploited by attach enter intestinal epithelial...
Background/Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves multiple factors including genetic susceptibilities, intestinal permeability, microbiome dysbiosis, and expansion of pathobionts such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). Mice lacking the IBD risk gene, Ptpn2, exhibit murine Escherichia ( mAIEC strain, UCR-PP2). Internal transcribed spacer analysis luminal mucosal-associated bacteria also indicated a decrease in protective commensal bacteria, segmented filamentous (SFB). SFB adherence...
Agricultural workers have a higher prevalence of occupational respiratory symptoms and are at greater risk developing diseases. However, gastrointestinal complications also been reported, yet the intestinal pathophysiology is understudied. This work novel because it emphasizes role an inhaled environmental pollutant on development pathophysiological outcomes. will provide foundation for other studies evaluating how agricultural dusts disrupts host physiology promotes debilitating systemic disorders.
Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involve genetic and environmental factors that play major roles in disease pathogenesis. Loss-of-function single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 ( PTPN2 ) gene increase risk of IBD are associated with altered microbiome population dynamics IBD. Moreover, expansion intestinal pathobionts, such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC), is strongly implicated pathogenesis AIEC increases pro-inflammatory...
Protracted, internal conflicts with geographic variations within countries, are an important understudied community exposure for adverse child health outcomes.Violent events from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) between January 2016-December 2020 and 2010-December 2015, were included as children sampled in National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) 5 (2019-21) NFHS 4 (2015-16), respectively. Geocoded data UCDP merged residential clusters NFHS, to identify living villages or urban blocks...
Background: Alterations in epithelial tight junction proteins can compromise the ability of intestinal mucosa to act as a barrier between luminal contents and underlying tissues. The resulting increase permeability give rise conditions such inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Additionally, expansion pathobionts, adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), are associated with IBD. Mice deficient IBD gene candidate, Ptpn2, exhibit increased pronounced novel murine AIEC ( mAIEC). This study aimed...