Background: The anti-interleukin (IL) 6 receptor antibody tocilizumab inhibits signalling of IL6, a key cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Objective: To evaluate through the AMBITION study efficacy and safety monotherapy versus methotrexate patients with active RA for whom previous treatment methotrexate/biological agents had not failed. Methods: This 24-week, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study, randomised 673 to either 8 mg/kg every 4 weeks, or methotrexate,...

Silk fibroin (SF)-derived silkworms represent a type of highly biocompatible biomaterial for tissue engineering. We have previously investigated biocompatibility SF with neural cells isolated from the central nervous system or peripheral nerve in vitro, and also developed SF-based graft conduit tissue-engineered grafts by introducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, as support into scaffold evaluated outcomes repair rat model. As an extension previous study, electrospun technique was...

To advance molecular and cellular therapy into the clinic for peripheral nerve injury, modification of neural scaffolds with extracellular matrix (ECM) nerves has been established as a promising alternative to direct inclusion support cells and/or growth factors within scaffold, while cell-derived ECM proves be superior tissue-derived in scaffolds. Based on fact that bone marrow mesenchymal stem (BMSCs), just like Schwann cells, are adopted this study we used BMSCs parent generate...

Abstract We have developed a chitosan/polyglycolic acid (PGA) artificial nerve graft which was previously used for bridge implantation of dog sciatic nerves across 30‐mm long defects. Here we describe clinical trial this repairing 35‐mm‐long median defect at elbow human patient. During the 3‐year follow‐up period, functional recovery injured assessed by pinch gauge test, hydraulic hand dynamometry, static two‐point discrimination and touch test with monofilaments, in couple...

This paper describes a clinical case study in which chitosan/polyglycolic acid nerve guidance conduit (chitosan–PGA NGC) was utilized to repair 30 mm long median defect the right distal forearm of 55 year-old male patient. Thirty-six months after repair, palm abduction thumb and thumb–index digital opposition recovered, facilitating patient accomplish fine activities, such as handling chopsticks. Static two-point discrimination measured 14, 9 thumb, index middle fingers hand. Reproducible...

Extracellular/acellular matrix-containing neural scaffolds represent a promising design of tissue engineered nerve graft (TENG) for peripheral repair. In this study, we composite scaffold by culturing dog bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) onto the surface chitosan/silk fibroin-based and then exposing cell culture to decellularization deposit acellular matrix (ACM) coatings on scaffold. This natural biomaterial-based, cell-derived ACM-coated scaffold, as novel graft, was used bridge...

The therapeutic benefits of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) in many diseases have been well established. To advance BM-MNC-based cell therapy into the clinic for peripheral nerve repair, this study we developed a new design tissue-engineered grafts (TENGs), which consist chitosan/fibroin-based scaffold and BM-MNCs serving as support cells. These TENGs were used interpositional grafting to bridge 10-mm-long sciatic defect rats. Histological functional assessments after showed that...

We report our experience of using the medial sural artery perforator flap in reconstruction soft tissue defects hand seven cases with 1 to 2 year follow-up. The is harvested from posteromedial aspect leg, just below knee and superficial head gastrocnemius muscle. It based on arteries veins supplied by artery. flaps ranged size 14 × 10 cm 8 6 cm. donor area was closed directly or a skin graft. All but one survived. cosmetic results were satisfactory without apparent bulkiness. Similarity...

RAF kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a negative regulator of the RAS-mitogen-activated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated signaling cascade. We investigated expression RKIP in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562 cells and effects on characteristics cells. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-RKIP was established transfected into with help Lipofectamine 2000. At same time, RKIP-siRNA another group. expressions all groups were assayed by Western blot after 48 h. MTT (3-(4,...

Fluorescent neuronal tracers should not be toxic to the nervous system when used in long-term labeling. Previous studies have addressed tracer toxicity, but whether injected into an intact nerve result functional impairment remains elucidated. In present study, we examined functions of motor, sensory and autonomic nerves following application 5% Fluoro-Gold, 4% True Blue 10% Fluoro-Ruby (5 μL) rat tibial via pressure injection. A set evaluation methods including walking track analysis,...

<b>Background</b> Reverse homodigital dorsoradial (RHD) flap has been developed to repair soft-tissue defects of the thumb. However, few articles have reported this with long-term follow-up. This retrospective study was designed evaluate RHD and investigate factors affecting sensory recovery. <b>Methods</b> From February 2010 2011, 19 patients were treated consecutively without neurorrhaphy. At final follow-up, sensibility assessed by Semmes–Weinstein (SW) monofilament, moving two-point...

Severe peripheral nerve injury, especially the long-distance defect, causes severe functional disability in patients. There is always a lack of effective repair methods for clinic, and those practice are associated with side effects. A case study was performed to observe regenerative outcomes surgical defects upper arm chitosan-poly(glycolide-co-lactide) (PGLA) grafts combined bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs).The right 29-year-old woman injured, leaving 50-mm-long median an 80-mm-long...

Introduction Featured with vast heterogeneity, gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes cancer-related deaths. A specific prognostic model necessary for improvement clinical treatment strategies. Hypoxia a common feature in tumor microenvironment that promotes progression. However, current evaluation hypoxic immune GC still inadequate. Material and methods With sequence data single nucleotide variants obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas-STAD dataset as well hypoxia- immune-related...

Objective To analyze the influencing factors for treatment results of distal radius fracture by AO volar locking compression plate (LCP) fixation. Methods In peaiod from July 2004 to October 2007,55 cases fractures were treated with compreasion in our center.Clinical outcomes evaluated active ntnge motion wrist and forearm,grip strength,Gartland/Werley scoring systems Disabilities Arm,Shoulder, Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Results There 55 patients who followed up 6 44 months, an average 17.3...

Objective To compare the results between two surgical approaches for treating complex supracondylar humeral fractures in children.Methods Open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner-wires were carried out through a posterior incision around elbow to treat 34 cases of pediatric displaced from July 2010 December 2011.These divided into groups based on way which triceps brachii was managed.In group A (triceps-splitting approach) split midline allow access,while B (paratricipital access...

Objective To evaluate the long term results of scaphocapitate arthrodesis for treatment Lichtman stage Ⅲ Kienb(o)ck's disease.Methods Between October 2003 and November 2006,8 cases disease were treated with arthrodesis.Postoperative follow-up was an average 85.3 months (range,66 to 118 months).Clinical evaluation included preoperative postoperative range motion,grip strength,Disabilities Arm,Shoulder Hand (DASH) scores Gartland-Werley wrist scores.Radiographic carpal height ratio signs joint...

Objective To investigate changes in collateral ligament length during flexion and extension of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCJ) four fingers. Methods Spiral CT scans MCJ index, middle, ring little fingers were obtained from 6 volunteers. Images mid-metacarpal to midproximal phalanx acquired while moved 0° 90° with 30° inerements.Changes each individual finger movement analyzed by software processing after three-dimensional image reconstruction bone structures obtained. Results During...

Objective To analyze the treatment outcomes of type I mallet fingers with or without bony fragment. Methods From 2005 to 2010, 46 patients were treated. They divided into two groups. In group A, 22 had madsion fractmrc at extensor insertion. The distal interphalangeai joint and avulsed bone fragment fLxed K-wires. B, 24 a fracture. interphalangeal was fixed K-wire, ruptured tendon sutured. K-wire removed after 5 7 weeks in both Results All groups follow-up for 38 months, an average 16...