We have performed muon spin relaxation measurements of the spin-ladder cuprates ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{n\ensuremath{-}1}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{n+1}{\mathrm{O}}_{2n}$ ( $n\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}3,5$). The 3-leg ladder system $n\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}5$) shows static magnetic order at $T\ensuremath{\sim}52\mathrm{K}$, which is between ordering temperatures one-dimensional chain ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$...

We describe the existence of local distortion discovered in synchrotron x-ray single-crystal structure analysis layered ditelluride 1T-MTe2 (M = V, Nb, Ta). In 1T-TaTe2, double zigzag chain Ta is deformed at about 170 K, and heptamer molecules are formed periodically low temperatures. found that some atoms compose appearing high temperatures locally displaced, resulting dimerization. This tendency weakens when replaced by V or Nb. Our results indicate persistently survives these...

We elucidate the transport properties and electronic structures of distorted rutile-type WO2. Electrical resistivity Hall effect measurements high-quality single crystals revealed property characteristics topological materials; these included an extremely large magnetoresistance 13 200% (2 K 9 T) a very high carrier mobility 25 700 cm2 V−1 s−1 (5 K). First-principles calculations Dirac nodal lines (DNLs) near Fermi energy in structure when spin–orbit interactions (SOIs) were absent. Although...

Abstract We investigated the suitability of Acacia mangium Willd., a fast-growing tropical leguminous tree, as nurse tree for reforestation with indigenous species on severely degraded sandy soils in southern Thailand. Planting A. yielded survival rate 91% and satisfactory growth (7.7 m height, 56 mm dbh, 59 Mg dry weight ha−1 aboveground biomass) 45 months after planting, indicating species' reforestation. Three dipterocarp (Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. ex G. Don, Hopea odorata Roxb., Shorea...

We compared the photosynthetic and photoassimilate transport responses of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell seedlings to root hypoxia with those Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. Control treated roots were maintained in a nutrient solution through which air or nitrogen was bubbled. Under hypoxic conditions, M. cajuputi, flood-tolerant species, height growth, whereas E. camaldulensis, moderately showed markedly decreased growth control seedlings. Root caused decreases whole-plant biomass, rate stomatal...

Vanadium atoms in layered $\mathrm{Li}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ form in-plane periodic vanadium trimers at low temperatures, but the appear randomly stacking direction because there are many trimer configurations with comparable lattice energy. We detailed an original modeling scheme to represent glassy states a completely disordered configuration structure. Through pair distribution function analysis using this model, we show that synthesis method can yield two types of low-temperature...

The spectral photoelectric yield of RbCl has been determined in the photon energy range 10 to 40 eV by using synchrotron radiation as a continuous light source. Comparison absorption spectrum with measured and without retarding potential reveals that general features are attributable electron-electron scattering spectrum. exceeds unity region 21.0 25.0 eV, electron affinity is estimated be 0.50 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.05 eV.

Herein, we discuss the identification of vanadium trimers in layered ${\mathrm{LiVO}}_{2}$ and its sulfide analog ${\mathrm{LiVS}}_{2}$ with two-dimensional triangular lattices. Our comprehensive structural studies using synchrotron x-ray-diffraction experiments clarified that are randomly aligned along $c$-axis direction ${\mathrm{LiVO}}_{2}$, while long-range ordering appears ${\mathrm{LiVS}}_{2}$. results solve long-standing issue cluster patterns provide an experimental basis for...

We demonstrated that the inorganic phosphate (Pi) requirement for growth of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. & Zucc.) seedlings is increased by elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and responses ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker Couch to Pi supply are also altered. To investigate response non-mycorrhizal in [CO2], were grown 73 days ambient or [CO2] (350 700 μmol mol−1) with nutrient solutions containing one seven concentrations (0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08,...

We investigated the role of glycolysis and sucrolysis in difference tolerance to root hypoxia between two Myrtaceae tree species, Melaleuca cajuputi (which shows superior hypoxia) Eucalyptus camaldulensis does not). Analysis adenylate energy charge (AEC) roots subjected a 4-day hypoxic treatment (HT) hydroponic culture revealed that interspecies corresponds ability maintain status under hypoxia: AEC was reduced by HT E. camaldulensis, but not M. cajuputi. The restored feeding glucose (Glc)...

Some inorganic solids undergo phase transitions that result in the formation of "molecules" their crystalline frameworks, which are frequently accompanied by dramatic changes physical properties; metal-insulator transition (MIT) vanadium dioxide, for instance, is dimer molecules with conventional two-center-two-electron bonding. We have discovered creation a linear ruthenium trimer atypical three-center-four-electron bonding monophosphide at its MIT. Our detailed structural investigation and...

In $\ensuremath{\delta}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Ag}}_{2/3}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ with charge degrees of freedom in V, it is known that the ordering state and physical properties V appear at low temperatures depend strongly on Ag. this study, we focus Ag ions interlayer study structure using synchrotron radiation powder diffraction depending temperature. We find when sample slowly cooled from room temperature occurs sites, ${\mathrm{V}}^{4+}/{\mathrm{V}}^{5+}$ subsequent...

We report on the charge-ordered structure of $\mathrm{Li}{\mathrm{Rh}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ arising below metal-insulator transition at 170 K. Structural studies using synchrotron x rays have revealed that states ${\mathrm{Rh}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Rh}}^{4+}$ with dimerization are realized in low-temperature phase Although ground state resembles $\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{Ir}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{4}$, a charge-ordering pattern satisfying Anderson condition is...

To elucidate whether dipterocarp species, dominant late-successional species of tropical forests in Southeast Asia, actually have a disadvantage when planted on open site terms their photosynthetic characteristics, we investigated photosynthesis seedlings the degraded sandy soils southern Thailand. These were compared with Acacia mangium Willd., fast-growing leguminous tree, which is often Asia. The had an irradiance-saturated net rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), carboxylation...

Summary This paper describes the results of a systematic study to clarify effects CO2 laser welding conditions on porosity formation in commercial A5052, A5083, A5182, A6061, and A7N01 aluminium alloys. The causes mechanism are examined through observations evaluations weld beads based radiographic inspection analysis gas content pores by Q-mass spectroscopy vacuum, amount hydrogen base metals. high-temperature (solidification) cracking susceptibility alloys also investigated. show that is...

The phenomenon of self-assembly constituent elements to form molecules at low temperatures appears ubiquitously in transition metal compounds with orbital degrees freedom. Recent progress local structure studies using synchrotron radiation x rays is shifting the interest structural such molecule-forming systems from low-temperature ordered phase short-range order that like a precursor high temperatures. In this study, we discuss both experimentally and theoretically relationship between...

Summary A series of systematic studies was undertaken to clarify the effect CO2 laser welding conditions on melting characteristics, porosity formation, cracking susceptibility, hardness profiles, macro- and micro-distribution Mg, tensile properties aluminium alloys. Bead-on-plate performed different commercially available alloys such as A5052, 5083, 5182, 6061 7N01 with a under various power, speed defocused distance. In this paper, influence characteristics investigated from fundamental...

We report penalty-free 10 Gb/s single-channel transmission with co-pumped distributed Raman amplification using a novel high power, low RIN (relative intensity noise) multimode 14xx DFB pump. No penalty from pump to signal transfer was observed up 5 dB of gain. More than 200 mW single launched into the fiber without any SBS (stimulated Brillouin scattering).

(2000). CO2 laser weldability of aluminium alloys (Report 4). Effect welding defects on mechanical properties, deformation and fracture welds. Welding International: Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 12-18.

In {\delta}-Ag2/3V2O5 with charge degrees of freedom in V, it is known that the ordering state and physical properties V appear at low temperatures depend strongly on Ag. this study, we focused Ag ions interlayer studied structure using synchrotron radiation powder diffraction dependence temperature. We found when sample slowly cooled from room temperature occurs sites, V4+/V5+ subsequent V4+-V4+ structural dimers are produced. Although quenching suppresses Ag, annealing around 160 K...