Abstract Climate change, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine War are some of great challenges our time. These global crises affect young people in a particularly vulnerable phase their lives. The current study aimed to assess impact these on mental health (depression, anxiety, health-related quality life) secondary school students Germany. Furthermore, we assessed known predictors health, such as socio-economic factors, individual life stressors, resilience factors (self-efficacy, expressive...

Most people suffer from intrusive memories in the aftermath of trauma. For survivors' well-being, it is key that these intrusions are controlled. Memory control can be exerted through retrieval suppression. Poor suppression, however, should associated with persistent distressing and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study tested hypothesis individual differences suppression predict after Retrieval was examined think/no-think task (TNT) using behavioral event related potential (ERP)...

Dogs are known to have stress and anxiety reducing effects. Several studies shown that dogs able calm people during cognitive performance stressors. Recently, therapy been proposed as a treatment adjunct for post-traumatic disorder patients. In this study we aimed investigate, whether also anxiety- effect "traumatic stressors." 80 healthy female participants were randomly assigned one of four conditions. They exposed "traumatic" film clip (trauma-film-paradigm). For group friendly dog was...

We present performance results concerning the validation for anxiety level detection based on trained mathematical models using supervised machine learning techniques. The model training is biosignals acquired in a randomized controlled trial. Wearable sensors were used to collect electrocardiogram, electrodermal activity, and respiration from spider-fearful individuals. designed applied ten approaches data labeling considering individual as well subjective ratings. Performance revealed...

Abstract Background Several studies have investigated the relationship between emotional attachment to pets and mental health with majority of finding a negative health. Interestingly, differs from humans showing that an insecure style form particularly strong their companion animals. Human is also related secure being associated superior Building on those findings, current study aimed at exploring role in Methods In this cross-sectional online survey ( N = 610) we assessed strength humans....

Effective communication and bonding between species depend on understanding the emotional state expressive behavior of counterpart. This is particular importance for human-horse relationships, as misunderstanding horses’ communicative signals can easily lead to severe injuries. While published evidence suggests that human ability correctly interpret equine affective states far from perfect, this inconclusive regarding influence previous experience with horses. Further, role emotion...

The way we interpret information shapes our perception of reality. Predictive processing frameworks propose that the ability to update interpretations based on disconfirming is key recovery from potentially traumatic events (PTEs). However, direct evidence for this assumption scarce and comes studies using paradigms with low ecological validity. Here, investigate association between inflexible interpretation updating (IIU) symptoms posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a comprehensive...

Hospitals, and particularly intensive care units (ICUs), are demanding stressful workplaces. Physicians nurse staff exposed to various stressors: emergency situations, patients' deaths, team conflicts. Correspondingly, several studies describe increased rates of PTSD symptoms other mental health problems in hospital staff. Therefore, it is important identify factors that lower the risk psychopathological symptoms. High levels sense coherence (SOC) general resilience as well an internal locus...

As an alternative to interoceptive paradigms that depend on the participants' active cooperation, two studies are presented show startle methodology may be employed study visceral afferent processing. The first of 38 volunteers showed responses were smaller when elicited during cardiac systole as compared diastole. In second study, 31 diabetic patients divided into groups, having normal or diminished (<6 ms/mmHg) baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Patients with BRS same results found in healthy...

Individuals working in high-risk occupations (e.g., emergency staff) are exposed to high levels of occupational stress including traumatic events. Correspondingly, several studies report rates mental health problems among these occupations. Pet ownership has been associated with better health. However, date a study on the association between pet and indicators is missing. The present cross-sectional survey (N = 580) investigated ownership, attachment pets, health-benefitting factors (i.e.,...

Abstract Climate change, Covid-19, and the Russia-Ukraine war are some of great challenges our time. These global crises affect young people in a particularly vulnerable phase their lives. The current study aimed to assess impact these on mental health (depression, anxiety, health-related quality life) secondary school students Germany. Furthermore, we assessed known predictors health, such as socio-economic factors, individual life stressors, resilience factors (self-efficacy, expressive...

Background: Recent findings suggest that disruptions of sleep-related memory processing are involved in the development posttraumatic stress symptoms. More specifically, exposure to an analogue traumatic event resulted fewer intrusive memories, when it was followed by sleep instead continued wakefulness. However, competing evidence suggests deprivation may reduce re-experiencing. To address these conflicting accounts, we examined how – as opposed partial modulates explicit and implicit...

Abstract Cortisol is a stress hormone and potent modulator of learning memory processes. If administered after learning, cortisol can enhance consolidation. Yet it unknown whether administration fear extinction strengthens memory. Extinction crucial mechanism underlying psychotherapy posttraumatic disorder (PTSD). The present study examined be enhanced by administering training. In registered, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial, 50 healthy participants were exposed to...

Hospitals, police stations, and fire departments are highly demanding workplaces. Staff members regularly exposed to various stressors including traumatic events. Correspondingly, several studies report high rates of mental health issues among these occupations. Nevertheless, despite challenging circumstances, some staff manage sustain their health. The current study is the first investigate three health-promoting factors simultaneously different, occupations.The present cross-sectional...

Equine-assisted therapies are becoming increasingly popular for addressing physical and psychological disabilities in clients. The role of the horse's welfare equine-assisted service receives increasing attention research. Several studies have shown that horses able to perceive human emotions respond stress responses. However, no research has yet looked at other side coin-whether how humans react equine levels during services. To fill this gap research, we employed a within-subjects design,...

Although humans usually prefer mates that resemble themselves, mating preferences can vary with context. Stress has been shown to alter in animals, but the effects of stress on human are unknown. Here, we investigated whether alters men's preference for self-resembling mates. Participants first underwent a cold-pressor test (stress induction) or control procedure. Then, participants viewed either neutral pictures erotic female nudes whose facial characteristics were computer-modified...

Specific phobias are among the most common anxiety disorders. Exposure therapy is treatment of choice for specific phobias. However, not all patients respond equally well to it. Hence, current research focuses on therapeutic add-ons increase and consolidate effects exposure therapy. One potential add-on biofeedback heart rate variability (HRV). A recent meta-analysis shows beneficial HRV interventions stress symptoms. Therefore, purpose trial evaluate biofeedback, which practiced before...

Intrusive memories are a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They reflect excessive and uncontrolled retrieval the traumatic memory. Acute elevations cortisol known to impair already stored memory information. Thus, continuous administration might help in reducing intrusive PTSD. Strong perceptual priming for neutral stimuli associated with "traumatic" context has been shown be one important learning mechanism that leads memories. However, modulating effects have only...

Abstract Sense of coherence (SOC) constitutes the key component salutogenesis theory. It reflects individuals' confidence that their environment is comprehensible and manageable lives are meaningful. Research demonstrates a strong cross‐sectional relationship between SOC mental health. However, little known about SOC's temporal stability its potential to predict changes in psychopathological symptom severity different settings. The goal current study was address this gap. sample two‐wave...

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by distressing intrusions. Since not all traumatized individuals develop PTSD, it important to understand its underlying risk factors. So far, several psychological and physiological factors have been identified. However, these rarely examined together. An excellent tool assess analogue PTSD in prospective manner the trauma film paradigm. This study relevant 60 healthy participants before, during after...