Rain gauge networks provide rainfall measurements with a high degree of accuracy at specific locations but, in most cases, the instruments are too sparsely distributed to accurately capture spatial and temporal variability precipitation systems. Radar satellite remote sensing has become viable approach address this problem effectively. However, among other sources uncertainties, remote‐sensing based products unavoidably affected by sampling errors that need be evaluated characterized. Using...

Abstract A novel analogue‐based heuristic tool for nowcasting orographic precipitation is presented. The system takes advantage of the forcing, which determines a strong relation between mesoscale flows, air mass stability and rainfall patterns. These quantities are used as predictors precipitation. In particular, past situations with most similar to those observed at current time identified by searching large historical dataset. Deterministic probabilistic forecasts then generated every...

The goal of this study is to diagnose the manner in which radar‐rainfall input affects peak flow simulation uncertainties across scales. We used distributed physically based hydrological model CUENCAS with parameters that are estimated from available data and without fitting output discharge observations. evaluated model's performance using (1) observed streamflow at outlet nested basins ranging scale 20 16,000 km 2 (2) simulated by a well‐established extensively calibrated US National...

Abstract In this study, a Lagrangian radar echo extrapolation scheme (MAPLE) was tested for use in very short-term forecasting of precipitation over complex orographic region. The high-resolution forecasts from MAPLE lead times 5 min–5 h are evaluated against the observations 20 summer rainfall events by employing series categorical, continuous, and neighborhood evaluation techniques. verification results then compared with those Eulerian persistence numerical weather prediction model [the...

Abstract Hourly rainfall measurements from a network of 49 rain gauges on the tropical island Singapore are analyzed to characterize variability for temporal and spatial scales ranging 1 24 h 45 km, respectively. First, probability distributions rates characterized using method L moments. The analysis showed that Pearson type-3 (PE3) distribution best fitted all time concern. parameters PE3 found be related scale through simple power laws. Second, structure is correlations. decay...

An analogue-based approach for nowcasting the spatio-temporal evolution of orographic rainfall at southern side Swiss Alps, NORA, was developed by Panziera et al. (2011). Analogues were found retrieving a set similar mesoscale situations and fields, forecast given precipitation observed after analogues. This strategy avoids explicit space–time simulation to obtain ensembles that characterize uncertainty. In this study choice most fields is further explored means principal components...

Abstract The changing climate and the rapid urbanisation may alter flood severity influence decision‐making process for management. In this study, a Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework optimal in protection is developed applied to central flood‐prone basin of Jakarta, Indonesia. Specifically, decisions are on levees corresponding under different rainfall return periods (RP), considering change associated uncertainties, urbanisation, evolving socio‐economic features plain. Three...

ABSTRACT A novel combined statistical downscaling and disaggregation framework ( CSDD ) based on Long Ashton Research Station‐Weather Generator LARS‐WG K‐nearest neighbour KNN was proposed to examine the climate change impact regional extreme rainfall in Singapore. The approach could generate high‐resolution sequences both spatially (e.g. station level) temporally 5‐min) 12 emission scenarios under 4 general circulation models. Three different routes were synthetic time series: (1) records...

Remotely sensed precipitation products, due to their large areal coverage and high resolution, have been widely used provide information on the spatiotemporal structure of rainfall. However, it is well known that these products also suffer from uncertainties originate various sources. In this study, we selected radar‐rainfall (RR) data corresponding 10 warm season events over a 256 × km 2 domain with resolution 4 in space 1 h time. We characterized spatial using correlation function, power...

This study analysed urban growth patterns for 15 Southeast Asian cities using remotely sensed night-time light data from 1992 to 2012. We extracted three categories (countryside, peri-urban, and core-urban) each city objectively derived thresholds the brightness gradient (BG) approach. The peri-urban core-urban combined were generally found increase over time all whereas countryside category decreased implying strong spatial temporal trends in urbanization. These also be sensitive geographic...

The impact of changing climate on the frequency daily rainfall extremes in Jakarta, Indonesia, is analysed and quantified. study used three different models to assess changes characteristics. first method involves use weather generator LARS-WG quantify between historical future maxima. second approach consists statistically downscaling general circulation model (GCM) output based empirical relationships GCM station rainfall. Lastly, employed recent downscaled global gridded projections...

Abstract. In this study, we report results from scaling analysis of 2.5 m spatial and 1 s temporal resolution lidar-rainfall data. The high data the same observing system allows us to investigate variability rainfall at very small scales ranging few meters ~1 km in space seconds ~30 min time. suggest multiscaling behaviour with regime extending down also indicate existence a space-time transformation form t~Lz scales, where t is time lag, L averaging scale z dynamic exponent.

Abstract The study describes the diurnal cycle of precipitation in Alps and surrounding forelands using high‐resolution volumetric data from a network three ground‐based radars. First, focused on regional, seasonal interannual variability behaviour surface rainfall intensity, frequency spatial correlations. Secondly, examined variation vertical structure summertime precipitation. Significant regional differences are noticed features. signal is strongest Alps, moderate plains north weak Po...

Extreme precipitation and associated flooding cause severe damage to society the environment. Future climate projections suggest an intensification of extremes in many regions. However, there is increasing need for change impact assessment at higher spatial resolution, particularly regions with complex geography such as Southeast Asia (SEA). In this study, we analysed NASA Earth Exchange 0.25° resolution daily from ensemble 20 models under two emission scenarios RCP4.5 RCP8.5. The...

ABSTRACT The study investigates the spatial distribution of extreme daily rainfall and wet spells in Southeast Asia ( SEA ) at annual, seasonal, intraseasonal scales using 16 years data from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission. A detailed analysis is conducted various indices that characterize exceedance probabilities relative contribution extremes to total rainfall. selected include Gini index, which a measure overall inequality, employed for first time examine characteristics. favoured...

The impacts of shock events frequently cascade beyond the primarily affected sector(s), through interdependent economic system, and result in higher-order indirect losses other sectors. This study employed inoperability input–output model (IIM) dynamic IIM (DIIM) to recovery sectors after a event quantify associated total losses. Considering data limitations uncertainties regarding sectoral time, key variable DIIM, probabilistic approach is used for modelling uncertainty times. analyzed 2011...

Abstract Daily rainfall data from two urban regions in Southeast Asia are analyzed to study seasonal and interannual variability of wet dry spells. The analysis is carried out using 35 years Singapore 23 Jakarta. frequency distribution (dry) spells their relative contribution the total number days studied 15 statistical indicators. At annual scale, has a greater larger mean spell length compared However, both cities have equal probability extreme Seasonal-scale shows that drier (wetter) than...

Abstract We evaluated the Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) V06B Early and Final Run products using data from a dense gauge network in Singapore as ground reference (GR). The evaluation is carried out at monthly, daily, hourly scales, conditioned on different seasons rainfall intensities. Further, spatial configurations densities of networks (3–17 gauges per IMERG cell) used here allowed us to examine sampling errors (SSE) GR. results revealed probability detection 0.95...

Urban systems are becoming more sophisticated, with their constituent economic/industrial sectors interacting in complex ways that difficult to study partly due data unavailability or confidentiality. Very often, a tiny disruption may cause considerable not only the original impacted region and sector but also other regions cascading effects resulting from interdependencies. These interdependencies can serve as measure of level vulnerability. Previous studies were about assessing one two...