Abstract A novel analogue‐based heuristic tool for nowcasting orographic precipitation is presented. The system takes advantage of the forcing, which determines a strong relation between mesoscale flows, air mass stability and rainfall patterns. These quantities are used as predictors precipitation. In particular, past situations with most similar to those observed at current time identified by searching large historical dataset. Deterministic probabilistic forecasts then generated every...

Abstract. This study investigates the microphysics of winter alpine snowfall occurring in mixed-phase clouds an inner-Alpine valley during January and February 2014. The available observations include high-resolution polarimetric radar situ measurements ice-phase liquid-phase components precipitation. Radar-based hydrometeor classification suggests that riming is important factor to favor efficient growth precipitating mass correlates with snow accumulation rates at ground level. time steps...

Abstract. This paper presents a regional extreme rainfall analysis based on 10 years of radar data for the 159 regions adopted official natural hazard warnings in Switzerland. Moreover, nowcasting tool aimed at issuing heavy precipitation alerts is introduced. The two topics are closely related, since provides thresholds used by system alerts. Warm and cold seasons' monthly maxima several statistical quantities describing fitted to generalized value distribution order derive amounts...

Abstract The relative importance of various environmental parameters in determining orographic precipitation patterns the Lago Maggiore region southern part European Alps is investigated. We examine 58 long‐lasting and widespread events corresponding total to 106 days rainfall. mesoscale winds are estimated by means Doppler velocity radar measurements; air‐mass stability computed from both radiosoundings pairs ground stations located at different heights. High‐quality radar‐derived rain...

Abstract In this study, a Lagrangian radar echo extrapolation scheme (MAPLE) was tested for use in very short-term forecasting of precipitation over complex orographic region. The high-resolution forecasts from MAPLE lead times 5 min–5 h are evaluated against the observations 20 summer rainfall events by employing series categorical, continuous, and neighborhood evaluation techniques. verification results then compared with those Eulerian persistence numerical weather prediction model [the...

Abstract. This study explores the limits of radar-based forecasting for hydrological runoff prediction. Two novel ensemble chains flash-flood early warning are investigated in three catchments southern Swiss Alps and set relation to deterministic discharge forecasts same catchments. The first chain is driven by NORA (Nowcasting Orographic Rainfall means Analogues), an analogue-based heuristic nowcasting system predict orographic rainfall following eight hours. second evaluated REAL-C2, where...

Preliminary results from simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for development of a wind atlas Trentino region in Alps are presented. One-year-long validated against dataset composed quality-controlled data surface weather stations. In particular, paper investigates how accuracy simulated speed is affected by spatial resolution characterized very complex terrain.

This article investigates the mesoscale precipitation mechanisms affecting severest flood events observed from 2005 to 2012 in Maggia River, located Lago Maggiore region on southern side of European Alps. High‐resolution volumetric radar data are used describe horizontal and vertical structure precipitation, while sounding depict airflow conditions. The causing nine highest peak discharge rates river last eight years characterized by presence convection, which is generally absent storms that...

The dependence of precipitation growth and decay on the orientation orographic features, mesoscale flow freezing‐level height is quantified using a 10‐year archive composite weather radar images over Swiss Alpine region. described by motion echoes, computed through variational echo tracking, while extracted from analyses numerical prediction model COSMO. On northern side Alps, areas are generally observed upwind slopes chain, southern their location also depends factors other than...

An analogue-based approach for nowcasting the spatio-temporal evolution of orographic rainfall at southern side Swiss Alps, NORA, was developed by Panziera et al. (2011). Analogues were found retrieving a set similar mesoscale situations and fields, forecast given precipitation observed after analogues. This strategy avoids explicit space–time simulation to obtain ensembles that characterize uncertainty. In this study choice most fields is further explored means principal components...

Data-based mechanistic (DBM) models can offer a parsimonious representation of catchment dynamics. They have been shown to provide reliable accurate flood forecasts in many hydrological situations. In this work, the DBM methodology is applied forecast flash floods small Alpine catchment. Compared previous modelling studies, response rapid. The use novel radar-derived ensemble quantitative precipitation based on analogues drive model allows horizon be increased level useful for emergency...

Abstract. Heavy precipitation on the south side of central Alps produced a catastrophic flood in October 1868. We assess damage and societal impacts, as well atmospheric hydrological drivers using documentary evidence, observations novel numerical weather runoff simulations. The greatest was concentrated close to Alpine divide Lago Maggiore. An reanalysis emphasizes repeated occurrence streamers high potential vorticity precursors heavy precipitation. Dynamical downscaling indicates freezing...

The composition of Web APIs provides a great opportunity to engineers that can reuse existing software components available on the Web. Finding best API, fulfilling set user requirements, among many described is key step in order develop an effective application; however, have little support solving this problem due poor search mechanisms and heterogeneity sources descriptions. Semantic technologies matching algorithms provide accurate methods match requirements against Nonetheless, semantic...

Abstract The study describes the diurnal cycle of precipitation in Alps and surrounding forelands using high‐resolution volumetric data from a network three ground‐based radars. First, focused on regional, seasonal interannual variability behaviour surface rainfall intensity, frequency spatial correlations. Secondly, examined variation vertical structure summertime precipitation. Significant regional differences are noticed features. signal is strongest Alps, moderate plains north weak Po...

REST principles define services as resources that can be manipulated by a set of well-known methods. The same approach is suitable to service descriptions resources. In this paper, we try unify the two concepts (services and their descriptions) proposing best practices build self-descriptive RESTful accessible both humans machines. Moreover, make those usable with little manual effort, provide software framework extracts compliant from documents published on Web, makes them available clients

The accurate measurement and assessment of the solar radiation available at Earth's surface are important for a wide range energy-related applications. They particularly challenging in mountainous areas, where orographic effects greatly increase spatial temporal variability radiation. In this contribution criteria outcomes from quality control set hourly global irradiation observations, collected radiometric stations Trentino region (Italian Alps) during years 1987-2012, presented. validated...

ABSTRACT A comprehensive data set of surface temperature, rainfall, solar radiation and wind measurements was composed to investigate the relation between synoptic circulation types climate Trentino, a mountainous region in South‐Eastern Alps. Synoptic patterns are classified over different levels by means an existing classification method according their degree zonality, meridionality vorticity. Distinct seasonal anomalies mean daily total irradiation intensity associated with most types....

In the last years, Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data platforms are clearly converging in terms technologies, problems approaches. IoT ecosystems generate a vast amount data that needs to be stored processed, becoming problem. this paper we present platform is specifically designed for mining information associated IoT, including both sensors meta-data. The composed two major components: servIoTicy storing processing data, iServe publication discovery former provides capabilities ingest,...

Semantic Web service (SWS) technology promotes the definition of descriptions with semantic annotations to better support selection. Unfortunately, SWS tend be huge and complex their evaluation is characterized by limited scalability. The result that very few exist in reality. providers prefer publish functional non-functional properties (NFPs) RESTful services, also called APIs, means structured data (e.g., XML, JSON) or textual descriptions. In this paper we define an effective efficient...