A dual-polarized hybrid eight-antenna array operating in the 2.6-GHz band (2550-2650 MHz) for 5G communication multi-input multi-output (MIMO) operation smartphone is presented. The proposed antenna elements are symmetrically placed along long edges of smartphone, and they composed two different four-antenna types (C-shaped coupled-fed L-shaped monopole slot) that exhibit orthogonal polarization. Therefore, coupling between can be reduced, MIMO system performances enhanced. prototype...

A tri-polarized 12-antenna array working in the 3.5-GHz band (3.4-3.6 GHz) for future 5G (the fifth generation mobile communication) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) operations smartphone is presented. In order to reduce mutual couplings and simplify design process, orthogonal polarization technique utilized. By combining a quarter mode substrate integrated wave-guide antenna two open-end slots, compact 3-antenna tri-polarization block operating achieved within small volume of 17 × 6 mm...

An eight‐port antenna array designed for future 5G 2.6 GHz band (2550–2650 MHz) multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) in the smartphone applications is presented. In order to enhance port isolation and reduce correlation between antennas, square loop radiating strip with orthogonal polarisation employed. The proposed composed of four pairs uniform elements that are symmetrically placed at corners main board, each pair includes a communal two independently coupled feeding strips. By exciting from...

A planar millimeter-wave 2-D beam-scanning multibeam array antenna fed by compact 16-way beamforming network (BFN) in multilayered substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is addressed. The BFN formed connecting two stacks of sub-BFNs, the E-plane sub-BFN and H-plane sub-BFN. realized a traditional 4 x Butler matrix (BM). key point this design to propose an BM which realizes These sets sub-BFNs can joint directly without resorting any connectors or networks form such with reduced area...

This letter presents a compact dual-layer 4 × 8 Butler matrix (BM) with sidelobe level (SLL) suppression in substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. Addressing the excessive crossovers classic BM, novel configuration is proposed here. Such can help reduce required from original five sets to merely one set. Therefore, BM be significantly simplified achieve better compactness. Based on this configuration, SIW designed dimension of 6.1 λ 4.1 λ. To evaluate its SLL effect, multibeam...

This letter presents a multibeam antenna array fed by substrate integrated waveguide 8 × dual-layer Butler matrix within the band from 28 to 31 GHz. The structure is adopted aiming achieve miniature, so that size of reduced more than 50% compared with similar single-layer design. utilization also decreases complexity whole matrix. A 2 slot used as radiating portion obtain high gains and relatively low side lobe levels. proposed fabricated tested verify performances.

This paper presents a substrate integrated waveguide Butler matrix with modified hybrid coupler, operating from 28 to 32 GHz. The coupler is realized by using 90° followed -45° compensating phase shifter. Thus, 45°/135° output differences can be obtained this type of coupler. Compared the equal-length unequal-width shifter, shifter exhibits better characteristics, only 3° error over 28-32 Because not taking introduced crossover as reference, it gives great flexibility design Adopting...

A simple internal antenna design for wireless wide-area network/long-term evolution (LTE) operations is investigated, and it can be incorporated into a mobile phone that has an unbroken metal rim of height 5 mm. The proposed mainly composed two parallel slots (dual loop) embedded on the system ground, by feeding them with L-shaped coupled feedline matching networks, good excitation multiple loop resonant modes obtained, which capable covering GSM850/900 (824-960 MHz), DCS/PCS/UMTS2100,...

When a high-speed aircraft flies through the atmosphere, plasma sheath and wake can significantly affect electromagnetic wave signals. To investigate impact of on radar imaging, this paper first develops linear frequency modulated continuous array signal echo model for full target (body, sheath, wake). The effectively considers spatial distribution characteristics dielectric constant velocity in flow field. Subsequently, 2D range-Doppler images range-angle targets were studied, using joint...

A reconfigurable loop antenna with two parasitic grounded strips for modern smartphone devices is presented in this paper. The most essential merit of proposed that it can keep the intactness outer metal rim. In addition, generate multiantenna modes. rim generates three modes and inner parasite provide monopole By merging these types modes, offer wide bandwidths to cover GSM850/900, DCS/PCS/UMTS2100, LTE2300/2500 operations a compact size 945 mm <sup...

Coulter principal based resistive pulse sensor has been demonstrated as an important platform in biological cell detection and enumeration since several decades ago. Recently, the miniaturized micro-Coulter counter attracted much attention due to its advantages point of care diagnostics for on chip rare cells, such circulating tumor cells. In this paper, we present a microfluidic cytometer with differential amplifier principle SU-8 coated printed circuit board substrate. The electrical...

A reconfigurable multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna design for the smartphone with a metal frame capable of covering hepta‐band LTE/WWAN is proposed. The proposed has four monopole slots (two long and two short slots) etched on top bottom side system ground, respectively. Two PIN diodes are inserted into slots. When these OFF, can generate desired lower‐band (824–960 MHz) which be applied in 2 × MIMO system. ON, corresponding lengths decreased to same length as Then ports excite...

A near-field communication (NFC) dual-loop antenna with a miniaturized size of 15 mm×25 mm is initially proposed for full metalcover smartphone applications. To achieve small clearance zone on the metal cover, rectangular slot 8 mm×16 loaded into cover. allow good inductive coupling, NFC only 0.37 beneath center slot. Because that, direction eddy current induced cover will be same as antenna. It noteworthy that prototype integrated single was certified by Europay, MasterCard, and Visa test.

When a hypersonic vehicle flies in the atmosphere, plasma sheath and trails are configured around due to aerodynamic heating ablation, which distort radar echo signal then influence target range information Doppler frequency extracted from echoes. In order examine impact of laminar wake on detection, this article is primarily aimed establish model based linear frequency-modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) radar, takes into account reaction control system by employing Born approximation...

When a hypersonic object reenters the atmosphere, formation of an ionized plasma sheath and wake will significantly change its scattering characteristics, causing significant impact on detection, identification, tracking. To investigate relationship between characteristics in ground tests real flights, this article, scaling laws with underdense turbulent are derived from binary law for flows, combined impedance matching method first-order Born approximation method, respectively. We find...

In this work, the patterned aluminium nitride (AlN) ceramic has been designed to achieve reflection reduction over a broad frequency band. This is implemented by simply drilling holes in AlN ceramic. Unlike absorbing materials, arises from out of phase cancellation reflected fields Both simulations and measurements indicate that proposed broadband performance with efficiency larger than 10 dB backward direction polarization insensitivity. Due high decomposition temperature good oxidation...

The rough structure may affect the flow field and electromagnetic (EM) scattering characteristics of a hypersonic vehicle. In this study, EM vehicle RAM C-II with microrough surface were investigated in millimeter wave band. We first simulated smooth calculated radar cross section (RCS) wideband using physical optics method. calculation results show that many factors contribute to variation RCS; however, it is occasionally difficult predict. then used one-dimensional Gaussian random generate...

This letter proposes a near-field communication (NFC) antenna for smartphones with metal cover that includes an embedded narrow slot, therein splitting the into upper and lower sections. The proposed NFC is simple loop structure formed by incorporating three-dimensional coupling strip edge of in section. Because this can substantially reduce eddy current, excellent inductive be achieved through clearance zone slot. relatively thin achieves performance read/write mode. Furthermore, card...

The plasma sheath and wake flow of the hypersonic vehicle can affect electromagnetic scattering characteristics reentry targets when they pass through earth atmosphere at high speed. In order to study similarity between characteristic model launched velocity, simulation experiments on spherical models made Al2O3 their wakes are carried out under same binary scaling parameters in ballistic range. by two-stage light-gas gun. diameters 8 mm, 10 12 mm 15 respectively, while pressures target...

Based on the research of thermal cloak, directional heat transmission structure is proposed in this paper. On basis transformation thermodynamics, conductivity expression for derived by oblique coordinate transformation. The results from numeric calculation indicate that flux flows to designed high temperature side while low remains at temperature. Furthermore, rotational performed has two vertical segments. display with increase along normal side, efficiency improved greatly. Moreover,...

We present improvements to the physical optics method for high-frequency computations. This involves refining calculation model such that number of triangular facets is adequate accurately represent target structure. An illumination assessment performed using mesh model, and this followed by a predetermined subdivision illuminated achieve required computational resolution. Subsequently, group high-speed vehicle RAM C-II models with surfaces different roughness, we calculate their...