Abstract Ranunculeae represent a highly diverse and cosmopolitan tribe within Ranunculaceae. Because of the great diversity morphological features lack molecular phylogeny for tribe, classification its genera has always been controversial. We report here phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear plastid markers (nrITS, matK, trnK, psbJ–petA ) that provide framework understanding relationships character evolution tribe. Maximum parsimony suggest weakly supported basal dichotomy, while Neighbor...

Abstract Ranunculus s.l. shows a considerable species diversity and degree of endemism in the Mediterranean region occurs with various life forms from lowlands to highest mountains. Based on sampling all continents, sequences ITS nrDNA, plastid matK , adjacent trnK regions were analysed using maximum parsimony Bayesian inference. Both separate combined analyses two datasets yielded large core clade excluding Ficaria Coptidium extraeuropean genera Beckwithia Callianthemoides Halerpestes...

Five new species of Corybas endemic to New Zealand, C. confusus, obscurus, sanctigeorgianus, vitreus, and wallii are described. These segregated from the trilobus aggregate based on morphometric DNA fingerprinting (AFLP) analyses. A key is also provided, their distribution conservation status included. Phylogenetic results showed that, despite great morphological ecological diversity these orchids, genetic divergence between low, suggesting recent diversification. We found evidence for...

Abstract The New Zealand orchid flora comprises 25 genera and over 100 species. Most of the species are terrestrial found throughout country. Terrestrial orchids most threatened group within family. We studied pollination ecology four orchids: Gastrodia cunninghamii, Thelymitra longifolia, Pterostylis alobula, P. patens. Reproduction these relies on contrasting reproductive strategies. longifolia is predominantly self‐pollinated, whereas both cross‐pollinated have an absolute dependence...

Rensch's rule refers to a pattern in sexual size dimorphism (SSD) which SSD decreases with body when females are the larger sex and increases males sex. Many animal taxa conform rule, but it has yet be investigated plants. Using herbarium collections from New Zealand, we characterized of leaves stems 297 individuals 38 dioecious plant species belonging three distantly related phylogenetic lineages. Statistical comparisons leaf sizes between showed evidence for two lineages, indicating...

• Background and Aims In New Zealand epiphytic orchids are represented by four genera eight species. The Earina (three species) Winika (one the most conspicuous widespread. These likely to be some of southernmost distributed in world.

The current threat of myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) to New Zealand Myrtaceae, including a number indigenous and socio-economically important species, requires that ex situ conservation is used complement in populations. Zealand's Myrtaceae have received little attention terms conservation. In this study, we assessed the integrated strategies for selected Myrtaceae. We particularly investigated seed banking options by assessing desiccation tolerance, vitro culture, pollen...

Abstract The reproductive success of some Nothofagus species from South Chile is poor. Although self‐incompatibility known to occur, seed set by out‐crossing pollination still low. Therefore, in this study we focused on the pollen physiology these species. Using direct and indirect methods, viability longevity grains young mature individuals N. antarctica, obliqua, dombeyi, betuloides were assessed. Pollen germination vivo was evaluated hand‐pollinated naturally pollinated receptive stigmas...

Clarity in species delimitation is fundamental for successfully testing evolutionary theory and integral to implementing conservation strategies. The Old World Spiranthes sinensis complex (Orchidaceae) has been a source of systematic confusion due its expansive distribution morphological variation, lacking comprehensive review. Working under an integrative phylogenetic concept, we provide molecular sampling the S. complex, compliment this with phenological studies clarify boundaries...

Names for nine species of Orchidaceae from New Zealand described by William Colenso in 1886 are here typified. This includes lectotypes Earina alba Colenso, Gastrodia leucopetala Pterostylis patens P. rubella tristis and Orthoceras rubrum neotypes Microtis papillosa Prasophyllum pauciflorum Thelymitra Colenso.

Two new species of forget-me-nots, Myosotis chaffeyorum C.A.Lehnebach sp. nov. and mooreana are described illustrated. These endemic to New Zealand restricted the mountains north-west Nelson (South Island). Both uncommon is known from type locality only. Their conservation status rated as "Nationally Critical". A table listing differences between these two other similar an identification key provided.

Asymbiotic germination of orchid seeds has been successful for many species, and this could be an important method to generate seedlings restore threatened populations. However, reintroduction orchids into wild habitats depends on establishment mycorrhizal symbioses. This communication reports asymbiotic methods used propagate two greenhood species endemic New Zealand, Pterostylis montana (Not Threatened) P. paludosa (At Risk – Declining). We furthermore investigated whether asymbiotically...

Abstract Aim Despite an improved understanding of Southern Hemisphere plant biogeography, the origins and evolution sub‐Antarctic floras remain poorly studied. Here, we investigate historical biogeography representatives genus Ranunculus . We aimed to establish when from where ranunculi originated as well examine extent which ecomorphological traits explain contemporary biogeographical patterns. Location temperate zones. Methods first estimated a dated phylogeny for using combined...

The New Zealand "ladies' tresses" Spiranthes novae-zelandiae is a terrestrial orchid currently classified as Threatened – Nationally Vulnerable. Although considered endemic to Zealand, morphological similarity with the widespread Eurasian sinensis has cast doubt on its taxonomic and biogeographic status. Habitat destruction main threat survival of S. novae-zelandiae. Unfortunately, lack information regarding symbiotic fungal associates technical expertise within seed germination techniques...

This article provides a preliminary checklist of the orchids occurring in Chile, based on historical and recently published literature. Data compilation was assisted by using databases available Web (IPNI, W3Tropicos KR). The list comprises seven genera (Aa, Bipinnula, Brachystele, Chloraea, Codonorchis, Gavilea Habenaria) 50 taxa (49 species one variety), 25 which are believed to be endemic Chile. It includes publication new combination, feuilleana comb. nov.

Two new species of Gastrodia, G. cooperae and molloyi are described. These endemic to New Zealand can be distinguished from other Gastrodia by the length column colour labellum tip. is known only three localities it ranked as Threatened: Nationally Critical.

Sophora sect. Edwardsia is a group of 19 species largely confined to the South Pacific, with New Zealand centre diversity. We used DNA and morphological analyses investigate origins six uncurated specimens from herbarium John G. Baker Silvanus Thompson housed at Museum Te Papa Tongarewa. These derive plants in cultivation Germany France between 1796 1822. Unexpectedly, our identified one as Rapa Nui (Easter Island) endemic S. toromiro. This has been extinct wild since 1960 but survives...