The global positioning system (GPS) can provide the daily coordinate time series to help geodesy and geophysical studies. However, due logistics malfunctioning, missing values are often “seen” in GPS series, especially polar regions. Acquiring a consistent complete is prerequisite for accurate reliable statical analysis. Previous imputation studies focused on temporal relationship of only few used spatial relationships and/or were based machine learning methods. In this study, we impute 20...

Abstract Dome A, the highest point on Antarctic ice sheet at just over 4000 ma.s.l., is located near centre of East Antarctica. Chinese National Research Expeditions have studied ice-sheet dynamics and mass balance along a traverse route from Zhongshan station to A during austral summers 1996/97 2004/05. Nineteen GPS sites were occupied least two occasions approximately 50 km intervals. The purpose surveys was provide accurate ice-dynamics data. dual-frequency receiver used each site for...

Tropospheric delay is an important error source in global positioning systems (GPS), and the water vapor retrieved from tropospheric widely used meteorological research such as climate analysis weather forecasting. Most zenith (ZTD) models are presently corrections, few for estimation of vapor, especially Antarctica. Through two blind separation algorithms (principal component (PCA) independent (ICA)), a back-propagation (BP) neural network deep learning technique (long short-term memory...

The common mode error (CME) and optimal noise model are the two most important factors affecting accuracy of time series in regional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) networks. Removing CME selecting can effectively improve GNSS coordinate series. CME, a major source error, is related to spatiotemporal distribution; hence, its detrimental effects on be reduced through spatial filtering. Independent component analysis (ICA) used filter recorded by 79 GPS stations Antarctica from 2010...

In January 2014, Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) 30th cruise raised public concern since the Xuelong, polar research vessel, was trapped in sea-ice zone (66°39'20.88"S, 144°25'2.28"E) vicinity of Adélie Depression area on east continent. This event highlighted importance an operational classification map for ice routing to serve ship navigation. this paper, unprecedented algorithms from RADARSAT-2 satellite dual-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images were...

Abstract. We provide a new sea ice and water classification product with high spatial temporal coverage using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The is applied in the Fram Strait region Arctic during melting seasons, when contrast between backscatter intensities of different types observed by SAR reduced due to melted surface wet snow on ice. or strongly reduces penetration depth thus suppresses volume scattering contribution Furthermore, within marginal zone (MIZ)ambiguities...

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Abstract Global Positioning System (GPS) provides critical geodetic constraints on Earth's elastic response induced by ice and other mass loadings in Greenland. Previous studies focused long‐term changes, with relatively fewer transient signals had used GPS stations. Here we reconstructed 44 Greenland‐wide coastal decadal time series using multichannel singular spectral analysis quantified the origins of spatiotemporal patterns to seasonal signals. We an exhaustive list geophysical...

Arctic sea ice variations are sensitive to environmental changes and global changes. Freeboard thickness two important parameters in change research. Satellite altimetry can provide long-time large-scale monitoring. We estimated the freeboard its for period from 2002 2012 Envisat satellite data. To remove geoid undulations, we reprocessed data using a newly developed mean surface (MSS) model, named DTU18. Residuals static were removed by moving average technique. then determined local height...

Abstract Digital elevation models (DEMs) are of fundamental importance to many geoscientific and environmental studies in Antarctic due relatively poor coverage by ground based surveys, the main data source for constructing an DEM is satellite altimetry. The newest operating satellite‐borne altimeter with ice applications ESA CryoSat‐2, which was launched April 2010. CryoSat‐2 provides altimetry up a latitude 88°S/N, significant improvement previous altimeters. Based on two full cycles...

Abstract Zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) is one of the main error sources in space geodetic techniques, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and satellite altimetry. To qualitatively quantitatively determine most suitable model for Antarctica, we analyze accuracy applicability nine models (UNB3m, EGNOS, GPT2 + Saastamoinen, GPT2w GPT3 Hopfield, IGGtropSH) Antarctica using 8 years GPS‐derived ZTD time series from 65 stations. The results show that GPT2/2w/3 SAAS are better than other six...

Satellite altimeters can be used to derive long-term and large-scale sea ice thickness changes. Sea retrieval is based on measurements of freeboard, the conversion freeboard requires knowledge snow depth snow, ice, water densities. However, these parameters are difficult observed concurrently with altimeter measurements. The uncertainties in inevitably cause estimations. This paper introduces a new method least squares adjustment (LSA) estimate Arctic CryoSat-2 A model between established...

SUMMARY Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are efficient mechanisms for transporting atmospheric moisture from low latitudes to the Antarctic continent. AR events induce intense snowfall episodes, which increase crustal deformation. Here, we used an detection algorithm, via a spatial matrix operation quantify contribution of AR-induced in continent, 2010–2019. Our results reveal that Antarctica primarily ranged 9.28 29.73 per cent 2010 2019, and there was evident increasing trend 2015 2019 (20.66...

Previous studies of GNSS-IR mainly focused on the legacy L1C signal; potential modernized signals (L2C and L5Q) has not yet been fully exploited. In this paper, we applied Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis (M-SSA) method to extract common interference patterns from different frequencies simultaneously. The three-frequency (L1C, L2C, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements a total 840 satellite rising setting arcs, occurring between day year 250 279 in 2020 2021, were used. By...

Any unmodelled or mismodelled subdaily signals left in the model may not only affect instantaneous site positions and associated estimates, but also propagate into spurious seasonal signals, contaminating daily coordinate time series. To demonstrate how 'error' modelling of solid Earth-tide affects estimates tropospheric zenith total delay (ZTD) it propagates long-period signal GPS series, we analyse observations collected between 2009 2013 for 13 sites coastal regions Antarctica using...

Sea ice plays an important role in global climate system. Operation IceBridge (OIB) was launched 2009 to bridge the gap polar observations between Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) ICESat-2 missions. OIB flew more than 1000 aircraft surveys, providing annual mapping of sea ice, glaciers sheets Antarctic Arctic. This study utilizes altimetry data synchronized optical images from derive Arctic freeboard estimates for period 2019. Lead detection is determining freeboard. We...

Abstract Bedrock thermal expansion includes prominent seasonal (annual and semiannual) terms intricate nonseasonal variations (high‐frequency change transient signals). However, the are usually ignored in geodetic studies due to defects analytical solutions. In this study, we calculate full‐spectrum bedrock displacement using skin temperature from ERA5 reanalysis data set. The results show that of expansion, with a range (maximum minus minimum) reaching 3 mm some regions, can be observed by...

The Great Wall bay has become an important investigation area due to the establishment of Chinese Antarctic scientific research station. Establishing a seamless chart datum and its transformation model with other vertical data is key unifying sea–land measurement in references. In view this, two models are constructed using different realizations geodetic height mean sea surface (MSS), coupled Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT). One (Solution 1) forms MSS by summing modeled values Earth...

The glacio-meteorological characteristics of Princess Elizabeth Land in East Antarctica are poorly known due to a lack measurement. This is problematic given the importance this area for understanding ice sheet dynamics and climate change. We present comprehensive approach (including field surveys, reanalysis data, remote sensing, flow models) investigate glaciological meteorological conditions vicinity new Chinese Taishan Station (73.864°S, 76.974°E) Land. collected datasets...