A5068621272- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Malaria Research and Control
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Stellenbosch University
2023-2024
Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia
2020-2024
National Health Laboratory Service
2023-2024
Tygerberg Hospital
2023-2024
University Teaching Hospital
2016
Background. Monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced in the routine public health immunization program Lusaka, Zambia, January 2012 and rolled out countrywide November 2013. We examined effect of vaccination on hospitalization for all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) rotavirus-specific AGE at a large referral hospital Lusaka. Methods. Data were derived from ongoing hospital-based surveillance 2009 to December 2014. Pre–rotavirus introduction (2009–2011) post–rotavirus (2013–2014) periods...
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a significant cause of diarrheal disease, particularly in low—and middle-income countries, including Zambia. ETEC pathogenesis driven by colonisation factors (CF) and enterotoxins, increasing antimicrobial resistance compounds the global health burden. Despite its impact, limited genomic data exists for strains Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods This study conducted whole-genome sequencing 62 isolates collected from children under five years old...
Developing a broadly protective vaccine covering most ETEC variants has been elusive. The clinically advanced candidate yet is an oral inactivated (ETVAX®). We report on the use of proteome microarray for assessment cross-reactivity anti-ETVAX® IgG antibodies against over 4000 antigens and proteins. evaluated 40 (pre-and post-vaccination) plasma samples from 20 Zambian children aged 10–23 months that participated in phase 1 trial investigating safety, tolerability, immunogenicity ETVAX®...
Introduction The re-emergence of vector borne diseases affecting millions people in recent years has drawn attention to arboviruses globally. Here, we report on the sero-prevalence chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue (DENV), mayaro (MAYV) and zika (ZIKV) a swamp community Zambia. Methods We collected blood saliva samples from residents Lukanga swamps 2016 during mass-cholera vaccination campaign. Over 10,000 were vaccinated with two doses Shanchol™ this period. biological prior (baseline) at...
Oral rotavirus vaccines show diminished immunogenicity in low-resource settings where burden is highest. This study assessed the safety and immune boosting effect of a third dose oral ROTARIX® (GlaxoSmithKline) vaccine administered at 9 months age. A total 214 infants aged 6 to 12 weeks were randomised receive two doses as per standard schedule with other routine vaccinations or an additional old concomitantly measles/rubella vaccination. Plasma collected pre-vaccination, 1 month after...
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of moderate to severe diarrhoea in children for which there no licensed vaccine. We evaluated ETVAX®, oral, inactivated ETEC vaccine containing four E. strains over-expressing the major colonization factors CFA/I, CS3, CS5, and CS6, a toxoid (LCTBA) double mutant heat-labile enterotoxin (dmLT) adjuvant safety, tolerability, immunogenicity. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, age-descending, dose-finding trial was undertaken 40...
In cholera endemic areas, the periodicity of outbreaks remains unpredictable, making it difficult to organize preventive efforts. Lack data on duration protection conferred by oral vaccines further makes determine when deploy preemptive vaccination. We report immunogenicity and waning immunity Shanchol™ in Lukanga Swamps.We enrolled a cohort 223 participants aged between 18 65 years old from whom serum samples were collected at baseline, day 28 before administration second dose,...
Diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) significantly contributes to the burden of diarrhoea among children. Currently, there is no approved vaccine against DEC, but several vaccines enterotoxigenic (ETEC) pathotype are in advanced clinical trial stages, including ETVAX® vaccine, undergoing evaluation Zambia. This study reports on reactivity antibodies from and placebo recipients a phase I proteins derived other than ETEC. Plasma samples collected at two time points (prior any vaccination post-third...
Despite the successful introduction of oral cholera vaccines, Zambia continues to experience multiple, sporadic, and protracted outbreaks in various parts country. While vaccines have been useful staying outbreaks, ideal window for re-vaccinating individuals resident hotspot areas remains unclear. Using a prospective cohort study design, 225 were enrolled re-vaccinated with two doses Shanchol™, regardless previous vaccination, followed-up 90 days. Bloods collected at baseline before...
Diarrhoea is a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries, with diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli being among the top aetiological agents. We sought investigate burden describe E. pathotypes causing diarrhoea children peri-urban areas of Lusaka, Zambia. This was facility-based surveillance study conducted over an 8-month period from 2020 2021. Stool samples were collected aged 0–3 years presenting at five health facilities Lusaka. tested for using Novodiag...
The global nonprofit organization PATH hosted the third Vaccines Against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VASE) Conference in Washington, DC, on November 29 to December 1, 2022. With a combination of plenary sessions posters, keynote presentations, breakout workshops, 2022 VASE featured key updates research related development vaccines against neglected diarrheal pathogens including Shigella, enterotoxigenic (ETEC), Campylobacter, Salmonella. presentations discussions...
Abstract Background Acute diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low-resource settings. Establishing effective surveillance systems crucial for monitoring responding to diarrhoeal outbreaks. Objective This manuscript presents the lessons learned during setup hospital-based system at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital Ndola, Zambia. Specifically, reasons delays processing stool samples from collection reporting laboratory results were explored. Methods The...
Despite the successful introduction of oral cholera vaccines, Zambia continues to experience multiple, sporadic, and protracted outbreaks in various parts country. While vaccines have been useful staying outbreaks, ideal window for re-vaccinating individual’s resident hotspot areas remains unclear. Using a prospective cohort study design, 225 individuals were enrolled, re-vaccinated with two doses Shanchol™ regardless previous vaccination followed-up 90 days. Bloods...
Live-attenuated, oral rotavirus vaccines have significantly reduced rotavirus-associated diarrhoea morbidity and infant mortality. However, vaccine immunogenicity is diminished in low-income countries. We investigated whether maternal intrinsic susceptibility to infection via histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) profiles influenced (ROTARIX®) vaccine-induced responses Zambia. studied 135 mother-infant pairs under a clinical trial aged 6 12 weeks at pre-vaccination up months old. determined...
Background We set out to assess the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and micronutrient deficiency as indicated by serum retinol levels on immune responses Oral Cholera Vaccine (Shanchol™) in a cohort participants Lukanga Swamps, Zambia. remains endemic Zambia with vaccines being only effective preventive measures. However, effect these populations living HIV has not been widely documented. Methods testing confirmation was done using Alere Determine™ HIV-1/2 Uni-Gold™ kits while...
Abstract Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health problem in low-to-middle income countries which have high burden of infectious diseases. Poor antimicrobial stewardship these regions has resulted rise reported cases AMR creating need for country specific data to inform policy on the strategies combating AMR. Here we show susceptibility patterns Shigella, and E. coli isolated from stools children under 5 years age adults. Methods The study was nested an...
Live-attenuated, oral rotavirus vaccines have significantly reduced rotavirus-associated diarrhoea morbidity and infant mortality. However, vaccine immunogenicity is diminished in low-income countries. We investigated whether maternal intrinsic susceptibility to infection via histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) profiles influenced (ROTARIX®) vaccine-induced responses Zambia. studied 135 mother-infant pairs under a clinical trial, with infants aged 6 12 weeks at pre-vaccination up months old....