A5003270389- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Malaria Research and Control
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
Tropical Diseases Research Centre
2014-2025
Ethiopian Public Health Institute
2024
University of Zambia
2015-2023
Johns Hopkins University
2019-2023
University Teaching Hospital
2023
Ministry of Health
2023
University of Georgia
2023
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
2019
Ashland (United States)
2019
Background Tuberculosis in Zambia is a major public health problem, however the country does not have reliable baseline data on TB prevalence for impact measurement; therefore it was among priority countries identified by World Health Organization to conduct national survey Objective To estimate of tuberculosis adult Zambian population aged 15 years and above, 2013–2014. Methods A cross-sectional population-based conducted 66 clusters across all 10 provinces Zambia. Eligible participants...
With unprecedented speed, multiple vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are available 1 year after the COVID-19 pandemic was first identified. As we push to achieve global control through these new vaccines, old challenges present themselves, including cold-chain storage, logistics of mass vaccination, and vaccine hesitancy. Understanding how much hesitancy toward might occur what factors may be driving concerns can improve ability public health workers communicators maximize uptake. We nested a...
Malaria in pregnancy causes adverse birth outcomes. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is recommended as a chemoprevention therapy. Zomba district IPTp uptake falls far below the national average. The study was conducted to assess determinants IPTp-SP among postpartum women after adoption new policy 2014. This cross-sectional survey. Two public health facilities (HFs) were randomly selected from urban and rural areas district. Study...
Drug-resistant tuberculosis has continued to be a serious global health threat defined by complexity as well higher morbidity and mortality wherever it occurs, Zambia included. However, the paucity of information on drug-susceptibility patterns both first-line second-line anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs, including new repurposed drugs used in management drug-resistant Zambia, was major thrust for conducting this study.A total 132 bacteriologically confirmed TB isolates were collected from...
Purpose of review This addresses the escalating global challenge multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on its complex comorbidity HIV/AIDS. Emphasizing urgency issue, aims to shed light unique healthcare landscape shaped by convergence high prevalence rates and intersecting complexities HIV/AIDS region. Recent findings A notable increase MDR-TB cases across Africa is attributed challenges timely diagnoses, treatment initiation, patient defaulting. The...
Antimalarials are central to Zambia′s strategies for malaria control and elimination. Antimalarial drug resistance poses a significant threat the effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies preventive such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine chemoprevention in pregnant women. In this genomic surveillance study, dried blood spots epidemiological data were collected from confirmed Plasmodium falciparum cases at 61 health facilities across all 10 Zambian provinces March July 2023. A total...
Community case management (CCM) combined with reactive test-and-treat (RTAT) for malaria was implemented by the National Malaria Elimination Program in a holoendemic region of Zambia. We assessed impact CCM + RTAT activities on care seeking, health facility cases, and hospital mortality. analyzed data from community surveys, facility-based passive surveillance network, hospital-based severe system to compare metrics across program eras (July 2016–July 2018, August 2018–October 2019, November...
Focus has been put on strengthening surveillance systems in high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, like Zambia, however inadequate information factors associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcomes is generated from the system. We determined proportion of and their factors.We defined outcome as death, lost-to-follow-up, treatment-failure, or not-evaluated favourable a patient cured completed-treatment. purposively selected 1st level hospital, an urban-clinic peri-urban clinic....
Treatment-seeking for childhood fever among caretakers in most rural parts of African region is still a major challenge. The aim this study was to determine the treatment seeking behaviour under-5 children Magoye and Chivuna areas Mazabuka district Zambia.Treatment-seeking explored longitudinally 362 aged 12-59 months with fever. data collected from using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire at their homes. Chi-square test, one-sample test proportions logistic regression were...
ABSTRACT. For a decade, the Southern and Central Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research has operated with local partners across study sites in Zambia Zimbabwe that range from hypo- to holoendemic vary ecologically entomologically. The burden malaria impact control measures were assessed longitudinal cohorts, cross-sectional surveys, passive reactive case detection, other observational designs incorporated multidisciplinary scientific approaches: classical...
Abstract High-quality, representative serological surveys allow direct estimates of immunity profiles to inform vaccination strategies but can be costly and logistically challenging. Leveraging residual serum samples is one way increase their feasibility. We subsampled 9854 sera from a 2016 national HIV survey in Zambia tested these specimens for anti-measles anti-rubella virus IgG antibodies using indirect enzyme immunoassays. demonstrate innovative methods sampling analyzing seroprevalence...
Itezhi-Tezhi District in southern Zambia has been reporting tuberculosis (TB) mortality rates that are fourfold higher than the national average of six percent. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to establish demographic and clinical characteristics associated with among persons under treatment for TB District, as well likely causes time death. reviewed medical records registered 19 public health facilities between January 2015 December 2018. Of 506 period, 426 were included analysis....
<ns3:p>Background Use of adaptive clinical trials, particularly platform has grown exponentially in response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Implementation these trials low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) been fostered through formation or modification transnational research partnerships, typically between groups from LMICs high-income (HICs). While partnerships are important promote collaboration overcome structural economic disadvantages faced by LMIC health...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a mainstay of malaria prevention in Africa. More LLINs available now than any time previously due to increases funding for control. expected last three five years before they need be replaced. Reports lasting less frequent Zambia, which, if true, will increase the number needed maintain universal coverage. This study collected distributed during mass distribution campaigns. One net was from each participating home 12 districts 2010 and all were...
Zambia's maternal mortality ratio was estimated at 398/100,000 live births in 2014. Successful aversion of deaths is dependent on availability and usability signal functions for emergency obstetric neonatal care. Evidence availability, quality urban settings Zambia minimal as previous research has evaluated their distribution rural settings. This survey the private public health facilities Lusaka District Zambia.A descriptive cross sectional study conducted between November 2014 February...
Introduction Antibiotic therapy during pregnancy may be beneficial and impacts positively on the reduction of adverse outcomes. No studies have been done so far effects daily Co-trimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis birth A phase 3b randomized trial was conducted to establish that CTX in is not inferior SP intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) reducing placental malaria; preventing peripheral parasitaemia; perinatal mortality also improving weight. To its safety offspring by measuring gestational...
The geographic and evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1), which was first detected mid-November 2021 in Southern Africa, remain unknown. We tested 13,097 COVID-19 patients sampled between mid-2021 to early 2022 from 22 African countries for BA.1 by real-time RT-PCR. By November-December 2021, had replaced Delta all sub-regions following a South-North gradient, with peak Rt 4.1. Polymerase chain reaction near-full genome sequencing data revealed genetically diverse...
<ns3:p>Gene drive research is progressing towards future field evaluation of modified mosquitoes for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa. While many literature sources and guidance point to the inadequacy individual informed consent any genetically mosquito release, including gene ones, (outside epidemiological studies that might require blood samples) at need a community-level decision, researchers often find themselves with no specific on how decision should be made, expressed by whom....
Background With the introduction of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) are surviving longer and at risk for developing metabolic abnormalities that contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a paucity epidemiological data on lipid profiles among young adults receiving ART. This study aimed estimate prevalence low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), cardioprotective class, whether it differed by age ART in...
Abstract Background Contamination of cow milk with uranium (U) is attracting global attention owing to U’s radio-toxicity and chemical toxicity in humans animals. Concentrations U 223 samples from indigenous breeds reared the proximity a mine Zambia were measured using inductively coupled mass spectrometry, human health risks exposure through consumption assessed. Results Milk cattle U-mining area showed significantly higher U-mean concentration (0.83 ± 0.64 µg/L; t = 9.95; tα 0.05, p >...