Insects face diverse biotic and abiotic stresses that can affect their survival. Many of these stressors impact cellular metabolism, often resulting in increased accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, insects will respond to by increasing antioxidant activity production heat shock proteins (HSPs). In this study, the effect heat, cold, starvation, parasitism Habroacon hebetor wasps was examined carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae, determine which responses were common...

The Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is the most important pest of wheat and barley in wide areas world. Different aspects insect's life history have been studied, but to date nothing known about their microbial symbionts. Here, contribution symbiotic bacteria fitness bug was investigated by combining two different approaches manipulate host's community: supplementation antibiotics into insects' diet egg surface sterilization. First, cultured from gut...

In this study, life history and nutritional indices of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was evaluated on six food commodities: dried fig, wheat germ, white mulberry, groundnut, pistachio, raisin, compared with artificial diet. The influence dietary macronutrient content digestive α-amylase also assessed. A delay in the developmental time P. immature stages detected when larvae were fed raisin. highest survival rate diet, lowest realized fecundity fertility recorded for...

Abstract Various physiological effects of W olbachia infection have been reported in invertebrates, but the impact this on behavior and consequences these behavioral modifications fitness rarely studied. Here, we investigate effect estimation host nutritive resource quality a parasitoid wasp. We compare decision‐making uninfected ‐infected strains T richogramma brassicae B ezdenko ( H ymenoptera: richogrammatidae) patches containing either fresh or old eggs. For both strains, eggs were...

Several factors, such as cold exposure, aging, the number of experiences and viral infection, have been shown to affect learning ability in different organisms. Wolbachia has found worldwide an arthropod parasite/mutualist symbiont a wide range species, including insects. Differing effects identified on physiology behavior by Wolbachia. However, effect infection their host had never previously studied. The current study carried out compare memory duration 2 strains parasitoid Trichogramma...

Abstract To understand the influence of plant quality on intraguild predation and consequently suppression a shared prey population as well yield, interactions between Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (shared prey), Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (intermediate predator), Orius laevigatus Fieber Anthocoridae) (top predator) were investigated in 25‐day experiments cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. (Cucurbitaceae) at various N fertilization levels (90, 150, 190...

Performance and population growth rate of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, yield losses inflicted by that pest, were studied in relation to varying nitrogen fertilization levels (90, 110, 150 190 ppm) on cucumber, Cucumis sativus L., under greenhouse conditions. The results showed some plant variables, including leaf biomass, water content, increased at higher fertilization. Aphids developing cucumber plants receiving highest had a significantly shorter development time produced more...

The use of resistant cultivars could be an efficient pest management strategy against the carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae in pomegranate orchards. To identify possible cultivars, fruit infestation with E. larvae as well incidence their parasitoids were monitored on 19 Isfahan, Iran. There significant differences between terms larval fruits and parasitoid activity them. S-Sefid-Saveh Malas-Esfahan most 10% ± 0.9% 15% 2.4% infestations, respectively. susceptible D-hamomi-Pishva,...

Abstract The carob moth ( Ectomyelois ceratoniae ) is the key pest of pomegranate, which causes a significant percentage losses in pomegranate orchards and warehouses Iran annually. larvae are characterized by displaying cryptic behavior within fruit, avoids most routine control techniques, especially chemical method. low efficiency traditional measurements also rich species diversity natural enemies infested fruits highlight necessity exploring effective methods, environmental friendly...

Abstract In polyandrous species, males seek to maximize their reproductive output by monopolizing mate. Often the male transfers substances female that suppress her sexual receptivity or antagonize behavior of competing males; both are usually transferred in seminal fluids and represent forms chemical mate guarding. moths, more long-range sex pheromones have been identified than any other animal group, often display with close-range pheromones, yet odor-based post-copulatory guarding has not...

Abstract Fertility life table parameters were assessed for five populations (strains) of two Trichogramma species, T. embryophagum Hartig and principium Sugonyaev & Sorokina, collected from eggs the carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) in Iranian pomegranate orchards. Four combinations constant temperatures (25°C, 30°C) relative humidity levels (50% RH, 70% RH) used. The overall intrinsic rate natural increase ( r m ) was significantly decreased with but uninfluenced by...

The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a serious pest and causes considerable loss of yield pomegranate in Iran.Apanteles myeloenta (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) the dominant parasitoid this parasitizing it more than 30% recent years.This candidate for augmentative biological control program to reduce level infestation fruit overwinter.The objective research was optimize mass production A. myeloenta.The mean developmental time females 28 days males 27 days.Pupal...

Carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae ), is the key pest of pomegranate fruits in most countries like Iran. Chemical insecticides cannot be used for control carob moth because they have biological and behavioral traits. Other methods no sufficient efficiency. So it necessary to use new methods. Some management such as application semiochemicals repellents are common practices. Ferula assafoetida essential oil a botanical material its repellency on some pests proved under...