A5015610526- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Entomological Studies and Ecology
- Orthoptera Research and Taxonomy
- Plant and animal studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Sustainable Supply Chain Management
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
Carleton University
2018-2025
York University
2016-2018
Aarhus University
2014-2017
Western University
2009-2016
Google (United States)
2015
Multiple stressors, both abiotic and biotic, often are experienced simultaneously by organisms in nature. Responses to these stressors may share signaling pathways (“cross-talk”) or protective mechanisms (“cross-tolerance”). Temperate polar insects that must survive the winter experience low temperatures accompanied additional such as availability of water. Cold desiccation have many similar effects at a cellular level, we present evidence protect against cold stress also desiccation,...
Summary Thermal tolerance may limit and therefore predict ectotherm geographic distributions. However, which of the many metrics thermal best distribution is often unclear, even for drosophilids, constitute a popular well‐described animal model. Five cold were measured 14 Drosophila species to determine most strongly correlate with distribution. The represent tropical temperate regions but all reared under similar (common garden) conditions (20 °C). traits were: chill coma temperature ( CT...
Abstract Cold tolerance is a key determinant of insect distribution and abundance, thermal acclimation can strongly influence organismal stress phenotypes, particularly in small ectotherms like Drosophila . However, there limited understanding the molecular biochemical mechanisms that confer such impressive plasticity. Here, we use high-throughput mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to compare transcriptomes metabolomes D. melanogaster acclimated as...
Abstract Artificial diets are costly to produce, so diet efficiency is critically important the success of mass rearing insects. One way improve feed through dietary particle size optimization. We tested whether individual crickets ( Gryllodes sigillatus ) reared on different sizes (0.088-0.125 mm, 0.5-0.7 and 1.0-1.4 mm) would grow differently. Crickets fed a ≥0.5 mm grew heavier during first three weeks but weighed same after six regardless size. also for preference, given choice consumed...
Abstract Crickets, like other edible insects, can convert organic by-products of the food and agricultural industries into high-value protein. Waste products high in protein brewer’s spent grain yeast are particularly attractive replacements for unsustainable sources cricket feed fishmeal or soy. Such replacement will only be advantageous, however, if feeding on these waste does not impact, minimally impacts, survival, growth, body composition. In this study, a farmed species, Gryllodes...
Increases in thermal variability elevate metabolic rate due to Jensen's inequality, and increased decreases the fitness of dormant ectotherms by increasing consumption stored energy reserves. Theory predicts that should respond lowering sensitivity metabolism, which will reduce impact warm portion variability. We examined overwintering Erynnis propertius (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) larvae from a stable or variable environment reared laboratory reciprocal common garden design, used these data...
To predict the effects of changing climates on insect distribution and abundance, a clear understanding mechanisms that underlie critical thermal limits is required. In insects, loss muscle function onset cold-induced injury has previously been correlated with resting potential. determine cause this function, we measured cold exposure ion water homeostasis in tissue, hemolymph alimentary canal fall field cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus, during an to 0°C caused chilling death. Low temperature...
The time required to recover from cold-induced paralysis (chill-coma) is a common measure of insect cold tolerance used test central questions in thermal biology and predict the effects climate change on populations. onset chill-coma fall field cricket ( Gryllus pennsylvanicus , Orthoptera: Gryllidae) accompanied by progressive drift Na + water hemolymph gut, but physiological mechanisms underlying recovery are not understood for any insect. Using combination gravimetric methods atomic...
Many insects, including Drosophila, succumb to the physiological effects of chilling at temperatures well above those causing freezing. Low temperature causes a loss extracellular ion and water homeostasis in such chill injuries accumulate. Using an integrative comparative approach, we examined role balance insect susceptibility/ tolerance. The Malpighian tubules (MT), susceptible Drosophila species lost [Na(+)] [K(+)] selectivity low temperatures, which contributed Na(+) deleterious...
Abstract Insects enter chill coma, a reversible state of paralysis, at temperatures below their critical thermal minimum (CTmin), and the time required for an insect to recover after cold exposure is termed coma recovery (CCRT). The CTmin CCRT are both important metrics tolerance that used interchangeably although not necessarily permitted by direct reversal mechanism causing onset. Onset have been attributed loss neuromuscular function due depolarization muscle fibre membrane potential...
SUMMARY Ectotherms overwintering in temperate ecosystems must survive low temperatures while conserving energy to fuel post-winter reproduction. Freeze-tolerant wood frogs, Rana sylvatica, have an active response the initiation of ice formation that includes mobilising glucose from glycogen and circulating it around body act as a cryoprotectant. We used flow-through respirometry measure CO2 production () real time during cooling, freezing thawing. increases sharply at three points...
Low temperature tolerance is the main predictor of variation in global distribution and performance insects, yet molecular mechanisms underlying cold are poorly known, it unclear whether that improve within lifetime an individual insect similar to those underlie evolved differences among species. The accumulation cold-induced injuries by hemimetabolous insects associated with loss Na(+) K(+) homeostasis. Here we show this model holds true for Drosophila; exposure increases haemolymph [K(+)]...
Chilling injury and death are the ultimate consequence of low temperature exposure for chill susceptible insects, tolerance is considered one most important factors determining insect distribution patterns. The physiological mechanisms that cause chilling unknown, but chronic cold causes consistently associated with elevated extracellular [K + ], tolerant insects possess a greater capacity to maintain ion balance at temperatures. Here, we use muscle tissue migratory locust ( Locusta...
Many insects, including the model holometabolous insect Drosophila melanogaster, display remarkable plasticity in chill tolerance response to thermal environment experienced during development or as adults. At low temperatures, many insects lose ability regulate Na + balance, which is suggested cause a secondary loss of hemolymph water tissues and gut lumen that concentrates K remaining hemolymph. The resultant increase extracellular [K ] inhibits neuromuscular excitability proposed cellular...
Most insects have the ability to alter their cold tolerance in response temporal temperature fluctuations, and recent studies shown that insect is closely tied maintain transmembrane ion-gradients are important for maintenance of cell membrane potential (Vm). Accordingly, several suggested a link between preservation Vm cellular survival after stress, but none measured this context. We tested hypothesis by acclimating locusts (Locusta migratoria) high (31°C) low (11°C) four days before...
Abstract Environmental change and biodiversity loss are but two of the complex challenges facing conservation practitioners policy makers. Relevant robust scientific knowledge is critical for providing decision-makers with actionable evidence needed to inform decisions. In Anthropocene, science that leads meaningful improvements in conservation, restoration management desperately needed. Conservation Physiology has emerged as a discipline well-positioned identify mechanisms underpinning...
Microplastic is a growing concern as an environmental contaminant it ubiquitous in our ecosystems. Microplastics are present terrestrial environments, yet the majority of studies have focused on adverse effects microplastics aquatic biota. We hypothesized that microplastic ingestion by insect would localized gut health and nutrient absorption, such prolonged dietary exposure impact growth rate adult body size. further plastic form (fibres vs. beads) influence these because nature gut-plastic...
Critical thermal minimum (CTmin), a measure of chill-coma onset temperature, and recovery (CCR), the time taken to recover from chill coma, are common metrics tolerance in insects. We investigated relationship between CTmin CCR single population adult Drosophila melanogaster exposed range rearing (14°, 21.5°, 27°C), acclimation (5 d at 6° or 29°C), hardening (1 h 0° 36°C) conditions. ranged −4.2° 8.8°C 12.1 55.1 min, varied same direction: populations with low tended have short CCR....