Gastrointestinal symptoms and altered blood phospholipid profiles have been reported in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Most of the analyses conducted on fatty acid composition isolated classes following hydrolysis. A paucity information exists how intact molecular species are ASD. We applied ESI/MS to determine brain were during induction ASD-like behaviors rats intraventricular infusions enteric bacterial metabolite propionic acid. Animals infused daily for 8 days, locomotor...

Abstract Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is a versatile and important agronomic crop grown worldwide. Each year millions of dollars potential yield revenues are lost due to root rot disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae (Kaufmann & Gerdemann). Since primary site infection this organism, we undertook an examination physicochemical barriers in soybean root, namely, suberized walls epidermis endodermis, establish whether or not preformed suberin (i.e. naturally present...

Multivariate statistics is a tool for examining the relationship of multiple variables simultaneously. Principal component analysis (PCA) an unsupervised multivariate technique that simplifies complexity data by transforming them in few dimensions showing their trends and correlations. Interests XLSTAT as statistical software program choice routine has been growing due part to its compatibility with Microsoft Excel format. As case study, used study effects unfiltered beer-based marination on...

In the Peninsular Malaysia and Northern Borneo island of Malaysia, various rich indigenous leafy vegetables fruits grow contribute to nutritional dietary values population.They have high water contents, thus, naturally vulnerable rapid food spoilage.Food preservation processing play a vital role in inhibition pathogens that are prevalent Malaysia.Lactic acid fermentation is generally local-based bioprocess, among oldest form well-known for food-processing techniques people there.The long...

Apple pomace (AP) is a bio-waste product of apples that co-produced as by-product during apples' processing for making apple-based products, mainly apple juice, cider and vinegar. AP rich source several bioactives can be valorized ingredients developing novel functional foods, supplements nutraceuticals. Within the present study, food-grade extracts from with different tannin contents were found to contain bioactive polar lipids (PLs), phenolics carotenoids strong anti-oxidant,...

Recent studies have demonstrated intraventricular infusions of propionic acid (PPA) a dietary and enteric short-chain fatty can produce brain behavioral changes similar to those observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The effects PPA were further evaluated determine if there are any alterations lipids associated with the ASD-like following intermittent PPA, related metabolite butyric (BUT) or phosphate-buffered saline vehicle. Both BUT produced significant increases (p < 0.001) locomotor...

Abstract Lipids are important biomolecules in all biological systems and serve numerous essential cellular functions. The global analysis of complex lipids is very challenging due to the extreme diversity lipid structures. Variation linkages positions fatty acyl chain(s) on backbone, functional group modification, occurrence molecular species as isomers or isobars among some greatest challenges resolve lipidomics. In this work, we describe a routine analytical approach combining two liquid...

Abstract Phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient that limits plant growth, development and productivity. Inorganic P fertilization in podzol soils predominantly bound with aluminum iron, thereby reducing its availability to crop plants. Dairy manure (DM) amendment agricultural can improve physiochemical properties, nutrient cycling through enhanced enzyme soil microbial activities leading improved bioavailability crops. We hypothesized DM will biochemical attributes...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils is a major constraint for seed germination and crop growth. Pyroligneous acid (PA) rich bioactive compounds that can enhance growth tolerance to environmental stresses including toxic trace elements, but under studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. 'Scotia') priming with different rates PA (i.e., 0, 0.5:100, 1:100, 1:300, 1:600, 1:900, 1:1200, 2:100 PA/ddH2O (v/v)) on seedling growing medium Al...

Chilling stress is one of the major abiotic stresses which hinder seedling emergence and growth. Herein, we investigated effects chilling/low temperature on morphological, physiological, biochemical attributes two silage corn genotypes during establishment phase. The experiment was conducted in a growth chamber, seedlings Yukon-R A4177G-RIB were grown at optimum up to V3 stage then subjected five regimes (25 °C as control, 20 °C, 15 10 5 °C) for days. After treatment, parameters recorded....

Abstract Pyroligneous acid (PA) is rich in bioactive compounds and known to have the potential improve crop productivity phytochemical content. However, synergistic effect of PA fertilizer has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, we assessed biostimulatory different rates foliar application (i.e., 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2% PA/ddH 2 O ( v/v )) combined with full rate 0.63, 0.28, 1.03 g) half nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) on yield nutritional quality greenhouse-grown tomato Solanum...

Phytophthora sojae is the causal agent of root and stem rot soybean (Glycine max). Various cultivars with partial resistance to pathogen have been developed mitigate this damage. Herein, two contrasting genotypes, cultivar Conrad (with strong resistance) line OX760-6 weak resistance), were compared regarding their amounts preformed induced suberin components, early events during P. infection process. To colonize root, hyphae grew through suberized middle lamellae between epidermal cells....

Saponification is the process in which triglycerides are combined with a strong base to form fatty acid metal salts during soap-making process. The distribution of unsaturated and saturated determines hardness, aroma, cleansing, lather, moisturizing abilities soaps. Plant extracts, such as rosemary, vegetable, essential oils frequently added soaps enhance quality sensory appeal. Three natural were formulated using cold saponification produce or control bar (BB), hibiscus rosehip (H), forest...

Intercropping (IC) is a promising approach used to improve soil health and sustainable crop production. However, it unknown whether IC the status biomass productivity of crops cultivated in podzols under cool climate boreal ecosystems. Two silage corn three forage soybean genotypes were either as inter or monocrop (MC) treatments randomized complete block design. resulted 28% increase total production (FP). A reduction rhizosphere pH (RS-pH) was observed treatments. Conversely, acid...

Nanopriming has been shown to significantly improve seed germination and seedling vigor in several agricultural crops. However, this approach not applied native upland boreal forest species with complex dormancy propagation. Herein, we demonstrate the effectiveness of carbon nanoparticles functionalized carboxylic acids resolving improved propagation two species. Seed priming followed by stratification were observed be most effective improving 90% green alder (Alnus viridis L.) compared 60%...

Pyroligneous acid (PA) is a reddish-brown liquid obtained through the condensation of smoke formed during biochar production. PA contains bioactive compounds that can be utilized in agriculture to improve plant productivity and quality edible parts. In this study, we investigated biostimulatory effect varying concentrations (i.e., 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% PA/ddH2O (v/v)) application on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Scotia’) growth fruit under greenhouse conditions. Plants treated with 0.25%...

Microgreens are immature young plants grown for their health benefits. A study was performed to evaluate the different mixed growing media on growth, chemical composition, and antioxidant activities of four microgreen species: namely, kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala), Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla), arugula (Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa), pak choi rapa chinensis). The were T1.1 (30% vermicast + 30% sawdust 10% perlite PittMoss (PM)); T2.1 20% PM); PM replaced with mushroom compost...

Beach-cast brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum (rockweed) is a seasonal phenomenon where rockweed accumulates on beaches, resulting in environmental impacts. However, valuable source of bioactive compounds and nutrients for use biomaterials, food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical industries. This study explores the utilization alkaline subcritical water extraction an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE) extracting from beach-cast rockweed. The (alginate, fucoidan, phenolics, minerals, vitamins) were...