The effects of long-term (over several years) anabolic androgen steroids (AAS) administration on human skeletal muscle are still unclear. In this study, seventeen strength training athletes were recruited and individually interviewed regarding self-administration banned substances. Ten subjects admitted having taken AAS or derivatives for the past 5 to 15 years (Doped) dosage type substances recorded. remaining seven testified never used any (Clean). For all subjects, maximal body...

The results regarding the effects of unaccustomed eccentric exercise on muscle tissue are often conflicting and aetiology delayed onset soreness (DOMS) induced by is still unclear. This study aimed to re-evaluate paradigm muscular alterations with regard sarcolemma integrity fibre swelling in human muscles after voluntary leading DOMS. Ten young males performed downstairs running. Biopsies from soleus were obtained 6 non-exercising controls, 4 exercised subjects within 1 hour at 2–3 days 7–8...

The molecular mechanisms underlying muscular adaptations to concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) exercise training have been extensively explored. However, most previous studies focused on specifically selected proteins, thus, unable provide a comprehensive protein profile potentially missing the crucial adaptation training. We herein aimed investigate proteomic profiles of human skeletal muscle in response short-term resistance Twenty young males were randomly evenly assigned two groups...

<title>Abstract</title> Skin entropy, derived from skin temperature, is considered an intuitive indicator of dynamic physiological states during exercise. This study investigates the association between entropy and exercise intensity. Forty young males performed incremental cycling, which measurements (heart rate, oxygen consumption, pulmonary ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio) temperatures at three predetermined regions interest (ROIs: forehead, chest, abdomen) were recorded....

Background Exercise-induced metabolic changes, especially lipidomic changes are generally associated with improvements in cardiovascular health. Despite numerous previous studies, the differences profile response to different types of exercise training remain unclear. This study aimed investigate how two intensities affect aerobic capacity and serum profiles healthy adolescents. Methods Twenty-four untrained male adolescents (13.08 ± 0.88 years old) were recruited randomly assigned...

Individual cardiomyocytes are lengthened in dilated cardiomyopathy. However, it is not known how the new sarcomeres added to preexisting myofibrils. Using a three-dimensional microtextured culturing system, 10% mechanical static strain was applied aligned, well-attached from neonatal rat. The morphology of myofibrils and ends myocytes were examined. Disruptions sarcomeric pattern for actin showed progression weak intense staining over 4 hr. lightly stained common at 1 hr after being...

It is well established that unilateral exercise can produce contralateral effects. However, it unclear whether leads to muscle injury and inflammation also affects the homologous muscles. To test hypothesis causes changes, an experimental rabbit model with overuse caused by a combination of electrical stimulation (EMS/E) was used. The soleus gastrocnemius muscles both exercised non-exercised legs were analyzed enzyme- immunohistochemical methods after 1, 3 6 weeks repeated EMS/E. After 1 w...

The present work investigated serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) status in relation to bone and muscle qualities functions 19 female soccer players (13-16 years) resident at northern latitude with very low sun exposure (∼32-36 h/month) during winter season (late January early March). Serum 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone turnover markers osteocalcin (OC) beta carboxy-terminal collagen cross-links (β-Ctx), as well body composition performance were examined. Hormones tested using routine laboratory...

Unilateral strength training can cause cross-transfer effects to the homologous contralateral muscles. However, impact of cross-over on muscle tissue is unclear. To test hypothesis that unilateral overuse causes bilateral alterations in fiber composition and vascular supply, we have used an experimental rabbit model with unloaded overstrain exercise via electrical stimulation (E/EMS). The soleus (SOL) gastrocnemius (GA) muscles both exercised (E) non-exercised (NE) legs (n = 24) were...

Aim: The 3-hydroxy-3methylgutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are the most effective prescribed drugs for lowering serum cholesterol; however, although statins extremely safe medications and have brought significant benefits to patients with hypercholesterolemia, they been shown produce myalgia, cramps, exercise intolerance fatigue. aim of study was investigate molecular mechanisms that may mediate statin myopathy.Methods: We used DNA microarray analysis examine...

Lipids play an important role in coordinating and regulating metabolic inflammatory processes. Sprint interval training (SIT) is widely used to improve sports performance health outcomes, but the current understanding of SIT-induced lipid metabolism corresponding systemic status modification remains controversial limited, especially male adolescents. To answer these questions, twelve untrained adolescents were recruited underwent 6 weeks SIT. The pre- post-training testing included analyses...

Muscle injury and inflammation (myositis) in a rabbit model of an unilateral muscle overuse were examined. It is unknown if the tachykinin system has functional role this situation. In study, therefore, neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) expression patterns evaluated. White blood cells, nerve fascicles, fine fibers, vessel walls myositis areas showed NK-1R immunoreaction. mRNA reactions observable for white cells these areas. immunoreaction also seen fibers showing degenerative regenerative...

Abstract Background We have previously observed, in studies on an experimental overuse model, that the tachykinin system may be involved processes of muscle inflammation (myositis) and other tissue alterations. To further evaluate significance tachykinins these processes, we used inhibitors neutral endopeptidase (NEP) angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), substances which are known to terminate activity various endogenously produced substances, including tachykinins. Methods Injections NEP...

Static stretching (SS) is widely used in warm-up as it generally believed to increase mobility and reduce the risk of injury; however, SS has been shown induce transient negative effects on subsequent muscle performance. Interestingly, recent studies have that sport-specific exercise could restore SS-induced certain sports, especially explosive muscular Whether isokinetic performance remains unclear.The present study conducted two different warm-ups: 2-component 3-component 15 university...

Abstract Background Tachykinins can have pro-inflammatory as well healing effects during tissue reorganization and inflammation. Recent studies report an up-regulation in the expression of substance P (SP)-preferred receptor, neurokinin-1 marked muscle inflammation (myositis). There is, however, only very little information on patterns levels tachykinins this situation. Methods The tachykinin system was analyzed using a rabbit experimental model overuse, whereby unilateral exercise...

Many studies have investigated the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) D/I polymorphism and cardiovascular disease or endothelial dysfunction; however, hardly any of these has taken aging menopause into consideration. Furthermore, despite many examined effects endothelial-released factors (ERFs) on function, no study evaluated differences ERFs function related to ACE status. To answer questions, 391 healthy Chinese women over a wide range ages (22-75 years) were enrolled...

Muscle power is of great importance in most sports, and its development one the fundamental physiological adaptations for improving physical performance.In order to optimize competition performance, athletes usually decrease training load before competition, so-called tapering, allow psychological recovery from accumulated stress.Tapering could be conducted through changes volume, intensity and/or frequency, but volume seems effective optimizing muscular power.There are two main types...

Nowadays professional soccer player trading between clubs/leagues is very common.Soccer players could be employed in foreign clubs/leagues, but when international competitive events come, the elite are recruited to compose a national team.One can expect that higher ranking of team, more by top leagues.However, relationship two issues has never been studied early.In study, seven teams were selected from list world 35 year 2010[created Federation International Football Association (FIFA)].The...