Adaptation to different environments may be a powerful source of genetic differentiation between populations. The biological traits selected in each environment can pleiotropically induce assortative mating individuals these genetically differentiated This situation facilitate sympatric speciation. Successful host shifts phytophagous insects provide some the best evidence for ecological speciation that occurs, or has occurred, sympatry. European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera:...

Abstract Black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens , is a promising species to valorise organic wastes and agricultural co-products into nutrient-rich animal feed. Thus, basic knowledge of its reproductive behaviour needed optimize rearing processes future selection. In this study, we investigated the (mating egg-laying) mass-breeding BSF strain (1) determine whether their females were monandrous or polyandrous, (2) describe impact multiple mating on egg production fertility, (3) where when...

Summary 1. A substantial fraction of the freshwater available in neotropical forests is impounded within rosettes bromeliads that form aquatic islands a terrestrial matrix. The ecosystem functioning known to be influenced by composition contained community but it not clear whether bromeliad food webs remain functionally similar against background variation understorey environment. 2. We considered broad range environmental conditions, including incident light and incoming litter, quantified...

We assessed the occurrence of algae in five species tank-bromeliads found contrasting environmental sites a Neotropical, primary rainforest around Nouragues Research Station, French Guiana. The distributions both algal abundance and biomass were examined based on physical parameters, morphological characteristics bromeliad with regard to structure other aquatic microbial communities held tanks. Algae retrieved all mean densities ranging from ∼102 104 cells/mL. Their was positively correlated...

Thyreophora cynophila (Panzer, 1798) is an iconic species of the European entomofauna. This winter-flying necrophagous fly was considered long extinct in Europe, before being discovered Spain 2010 and re-discovered France 2020, with a unique locality Saint-Paul-de-Jarrat (Ariège, southern France).After bringing this to attention people that are active nature during winter, including hunters, skilled naturalists, lovers professional we gathered seven new occurrence data for at six locations...

Insects used as food and medicine are receiving increased attention. There is a need to scrutinise recent estimates of which how many insect species we have noticed inappropriate assessments overestimations. We review the contemporary list edible insects world published online by Wageningen University compiled Ijde Jongema since it widely in literature. Each 2403 entries were scrutinised, including checking name validity, verifying usage cited references, categorising each entry. Our...

Little is known of how linkage patterns between species change along environmental gradients. The small, spatially discrete food webs inhabiting tank-bromeliads provide an excellent opportunity to analyse community diversity and food-web topology (connectance, density, nestedness) in relation key variables (habitat size, detrital resource, incident radiation) predators:prey ratios. We sampled 365 bromeliads a wide range understorey environments French Guiana used gut contents invertebrates...

Abstract A daptation to different environments may be a powerful source of genetic differentiation between populations. The biological traits selected in each environment can pleiotropically induce assortative mating individuals these genetically differentiated This situation facilitate sympatric speciation. Successful host shifts phytophagous insects provide some the best evidence for ecological speciation that occurs, or has occurred, sympatry. European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis...

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a polyphagous pest species that includes two host races: one feeding on (Zea mays L.) and mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris hop (Humulus lupulus L.). Being able to determine the type of plant which field-caught moths fed as larvae would allow for quantification mating rates within between races, well spatial distribution oviposition both races in field. We found stable carbon isotopes (δ; 13 C) are reliable...

ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français étrangers, laboratoires publics privés.

Epiphytism imposes physiological constraints resulting from the lack of access to nutrient sources available ground-rooted plants. A conspicuous adaptation in response that is phytotelm (plant-held waters) tank-bromeliad species are often nutrient-rich. Associations with terrestrial invertebrates also result higher plant acquisition. Assuming tank-bromeliads rely on reservoir-assisted nutrition, it was hypothesized dual association mutualistic ants and food web provides greater nutritional...

Summary Interactions between entomophilous plants and their pollinators are one of the major factors shaping evolution floral features. As species distributed in more or less connected populations, they have evolved a geographical mosaic co‐evolution were outcome plant–pollinator interaction is likely to vary as result local adaptations. Arum italicum A rum maculatum two raceae which deceive fly by mimicking odour oviposition sites. Whereas . known be pollinated flies belonging different...

Abstract The tank bromeliads A echmea aquilega ( S alisb.) and C atopsis berteroniana chultes f.) coexist on a sun‐exposed N eotropical inselberg in F rench G uiana, where they permit conspicuous freshwater pools to form that differ size, complexity detritus content. We sampled the algal communities (both eukaryotic cyanobacterial taxa, including colourless forms) inhabiting either . (n = 31) or 30) examined differences community composition biomass patterns relation several biotic abiotic...

BackgroundSex pheromone communication systems may be a major force driving moth speciation by causing behavioral reproductive isolation via assortative meeting of conspecific individuals. The 'E' and 'Z' races the European corn borer (ECB) are textbook example in this respect. females produce males preferentially respond to blend, while race communicates an blend. Both do not freely hybridize nature their populations genetically differentiated. A straightforward explanation would that is...

The European corn borer (ECB) consists of at least two, genetically differentiated host races: one feeding on maize, the other mugwort and hop. It is unclear to what extent individuals these, or plants, contribute natural ECB populations. mechanisms underlying genetic differentiation between both races are not well understood; they may include sexual attraction via different pheromone blends (E Z) differences in location mating sites. We caught adult males with traps baited E Z blend hop,...

Determining the sources of variation in floral morphology is crucial to understanding mechanisms underlying Angiosperm evolution. The selection and reproductive traits influenced by plant's abiotic environment, florivores pollinators. However, evidence that variations result from mutualistic interactions with insects other than pollinators lacking published literature has rarely been investigated. We aimed determine whether association either Camponotus femoratus or Pachycondyla goeldii...

Tank bromeliads are good models for understanding how climate change may affect biotic associations. We studied the relationships between spiders, epiphytic tank bromeliad, Aechmea bracteata, and its associated ants in an inundated forest Quintana Roo, Mexico, during a drought period while, exceptionally, this was dry then flooding that followed. compared spider abundance diversity 'Aechmea-areas' 'control-areas' of same surface area. recorded six families: Dipluridae, Ctenidae, Salticidae,...

Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) telemetry has recently been adapted for locating PIT-tagged fish in shallow waters using portable detectors. In the present study, we tested this method adult amphibians (Pyrenean brook salamanders, Calotriton asper) with 12-mm transponders a headwater rocky stream. PIT performances were compared conventional hand-capture method, i.e. visual searching and overturning movable stones streambed. The mean efficiency of detector (88.2% ± 5.2, s.e.) was...

Abstract We compared floral odour profiles among populations of two Arum species which show different degrees specificity for their fly pollinators. Insects were collected from inflorescences in four italicum and maculatum. In six populations, we by Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) analysed gas chromatography. confirmed that a pollination point view, A. is an opportunist species, as it mainly pollinated insects the families Psychodidae, Chironomidae Sciaridae, whereas maculatum specialist...

Understanding the ways in which human environmental modifications affect biodiversity is a key challenge conservation planning, pest control and evolutionary ecology. Parasitoid communities, particularly those associated with agricultural pests, may be susceptible to such modifications. We document here changes larval parasitoid communities of Ostrinia nubilalis — main maize its sibling species O. scapulalis, based on two historical datasets, one collected from 1921–1928 other 2001–2005....