Our study presents a virtual reality-based tangent screen test (VTS) to measure subjective ocular deviations including torsion in nine directions of gaze. The was compared the analogous Harms (HTS).

Temperate glaciers in the Kangri Karpo region of southeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) have experienced significant ablation recent decades, increasing risk glacier-related hazards and impacting regional water resources. However, spatial temporal pattern mass loss these remains inadequately quantified. In this study, we used ASTER L1A stereo images to construct a high-resolution elevation time series provide comprehensive spatial–temporal assessment glacier change from 2000 2024. The...

Abstract. Antarctica is mostly covered by snow, firn, and glacier ice, the transformation from snow to firn ice influences energy transfer material transport in polar regions. In this paper, we deployed three linear seismic arrays near Dome A East during China's 39th Antarctic scientific expedition used ambient noise reconstruct structure nearby. The result shows that mainly comes Kunlun Station related human activities. We resolved empirical Green's function contains abundant multi-modal...

Abstract Contemporary applications of radar altimetry include sea-level rise, ocean circulation, marine gravity and icesheet elevation change. Unlike InSAR GNSS, which are widely used to map surface deformation, is neither reliant on highly temporally-correlated ground features nor as limited by the available spatial coverage can provide long-term temporal subsidence monitoring capability. Here we use multi-mission with an approximately 23 year data-span quantify land in cropland areas....

At Dome Argus, East Antarctica, the surface mass balance (SMB) from 2008 to 2013 was evaluated using 49 stakes installed across a 30×30 km area. Spatial analysis showed that at least 12 and 20 are needed obtain reliable estimates of SMB local scales (a few hundred square metres) regional (tens kilometres), respectively. The estimated annual mean 22.9±5.9 kg m−2 yr−1, including net loss by sublimation −2.22±0.02 yr−1 gain deposition 1.37±0.01 yr−1. Therefore, ca. 14.3% precipitation modified...

Abstract Knowledge of the surface topography, velocity field and strain at an ice-core site is critical to accurate interpretation records. At Dome Argus (Dome A), where a Chinese deep drilling project being carried out, we have produced digital elevation model from GPS measurements in January 2013 47 sites. We identify two peaks A, with northern peak ~7 cm higher than southern peak. Repeat 12 sites 2008 provide around dome. The ranges 3.1±2.6 29.4±1.2 –1 , mean 11.1 ~2.4 . flow directions...

Abstract. We report on a successful application of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (H / V) method, generally used to investigate subsurface velocity structures shallow crust, estimate Antarctic ice sheet thickness for first time. Using three-component, five-day long, seismic ambient noise records gathered from more than 60 temporary stations located sheet, measured at each station has comparable accuracy Bedmap2 database. Preliminary analysis revealed that out 65 obtained clear...

Abstract Precise measurements of height changes (HCs) are important for improved estimates mass balance the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Here we determine 10 years precise, high‐resolution HCs GrIS from Envisat radar altimeter using a subwaveform retracker and modified repeat‐track method. The show clear seasonal monotonic declines over glaciers on coasts such as Zachariae Isstrøm. We enhance change Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) data densities interannual correlations between...

Variations in water levels of seasonally ice-covered subarctic lakes are indicators environmental and climatic change. Satellite altimetry enables remote sensing these lakes, but the lake phenology is problematic as radar reflection surfaces include water, snow, ice. Reflection from multiple gives rise to two-peak waveforms across lakes. Misinterpretation altimetric height has caused extracted be low compared with gauge data. In this study, a modified retracker used determine heights first...

In this study, the ice velocity changes from 2004 to 2015 of Polar Record Glacier (PRG) in East Antarctica were investigated based on a feature-tracking method using Landsat-7 enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) and Landsat-8 operational land imager (OLI) images. The flow field PRG curves make it difficult generate velocities some areas traditional normalized cross-correlation (NCC)-based method. Therefore, rotation-invariant parameter scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) is introduced...

The glaciers in Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard, located the hotspot global warming, are sensitive to climate change. assessment glacier mass balance Svalbard is one hotspots research. In this study, we use laser altimetry ICESat-2 data investigate elevation and change from 2019 2021 by a hypsometric approach. It shown that Svalbard-wide rate −0.775 ± 0.225 m yr−1 2019–2021, corresponding −14.843 4.024 Gt yr−1. All regions exhibit negative balance, highest loss rates observed at Northwestern...

Glaciers play an important role in understanding the climate, water resources, and surrounding natural change. Baishui River Glacier No. 1, a temperate glacier monsoon-influenced Southeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, has experienced significant ablation due to regional warming during past few decades. However, little is known about yearly changes 1. To investigate how 1 changed recent years, digital orthophoto maps elevation models were obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle on 20 October 2018...

Abstract Passive seismology is becoming increasingly popular for glacier/ice-sheet structure investigations in Polar regions. Single-station passive seismic methods including P-wave receiver functions (PRFs), horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) and a recently proposed autocorrelation method have been used to retrieve structures. Despite their successful applications, analysis regarding detection abilities different glaciological environments has not reported. In this study, we...

The waveform retracking algorithm is a key factor that affects the accuracy of elevation change from satellite altimetry over an ice sheet. results four retracker algorithms (ICE1/ICE2/Sea Ice/OCEAN) provided by Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa (SARAL/ALtiKa) data were compared using repeated SARAL between March 2013 April 2016 to determine optimal in crossovers descending ascending orbits Greenland sheet (GrIS). ICE1 slightly better than three other lowest standard deviation (SD) 0.30 m...

Abstract. By calculating the zenith troposphere information from 11 reference stations of CORS network in Guilin City, Guangxi Province 2018 by GAMIT10.6 as values, analyzing relationship between and elevation, well latitude Region, building a model for tropospheric delay (ZTD) suitable uniformly selecting 8 Region to build new model, comparing with ZTD estimated studying applicability results showed that: 1) In presented linear negative correlation station elevation; 2) was consistent...

Abstract The mass balance of glaciers requires more detailed and continuous observations to understand their seasonal change in relation climate. Here, we designed installed an automated real-time monitoring platform at 4645 m a.s.l. on the Baishui River Glacier No.1 collect high-resolution observational data, analyzed dynamic from glacier movement surface melting snow accumulation. results showed that moved northeastward ~12.9 a rate 0.06 ± 0.02 d −1 between September 2021 April 2022....

Abstract The Antarctic equivalent water height time series and the corresponding trends on a 1°×1° grid were derived based 5‐year GRACE data. results show Amundsen in west Antarctica with strong negative rate exceeding –80 mm/a, Peninsula rate, Enderby Land east positive rate. Equivalent volume computed are –78 ± 37 km 3 /a, –3 46 /a –75 50 for Antarctica, sea level change 0.21 0.1 0.008 0.127 mm/a 0.2 0.14 over period July 2002 to September 2007. PGR model is proven be key factor study of ice sheet.

ABSTRACT In January 2016, static GPS measurements were carried out in a 30 × km 2 area centered around Kunlun station at Dome Argus (Dome A), East Antarctica, to acquire high-precision 3-D geodetic coordinates 49 sites. By comparing the with previous 2008 and 2013 same sites, we constructed detailed long-term record of ice-surface velocity field, 2008–2016, A. During this time span, estimated ranges from 0.8 ± 0.3 28.7 1.6 cm −1 , mean 10.4 . From surface elevation most A areas exhibits...

This study provides the first long-time series of spatial and temporal distributions for small lakes in Larsemann Hills (69°23′S, 76°20′E) East Antarctic. In oasis, there is a significant number over 150 lakes, which can be observed with high resolution remote sensing imagery. However, accurately identifying analyzing these water bodies elongated rivers has been challenging due to mixed pixels effect limitations available middle our study, we propose data-driven approach within Conditional...