Land use land cover (LULC) change is one of the major driving forces global environmental in many developing countries. In this study, LULC changes were evaluated Gaborone dam catchment Botswana between 1984 and 2015. The a source water supply to city its surrounding areas. study employed Remote Sensing Geographical Information System (GIS) using Landsat imagery 1984, 1995, 2005 Image classification for each these imageries was done through supervised Maximum Likelihood Classifier. Six...

Land use/land cover (LULC) changes have been observed in the Gaborone dam catchment since 1980s. A comprehensive analysis of future LULC is therefore necessary for purposes land use and water resource planning management. Recent advances geospatial modelling techniques availability remotely sensed data become central to monitoring assessment both past environmental changes. This study employed cellular automata Markov chain (CA-Markov) model combinations simulate catchment. Classified...

This study compares four machine-learning algorithms comprising of Classification And Regression Trees (CART), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Tree Boosting (GTB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for the classification urban land-use land-cover (LULC) features. Using multitemporal multisensor Landsat data from 1984-2020 at 5-year intervals Greater Gaborone Planning Area (GGPA) in Botswana, aim is to determine performance classifiers extraction different LULC features as built-up, bare-soil,...

For sustainable water resource management within dam catchments, accurate knowledge of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) the relationships with variability is necessary. To improve LULCC prediction, this study proposes use a random forest regression (RFR) model, in comparison logistic regression–cellular automata (LR-CA) artificial neural network–cellular (ANN-CA), for prediction (2019–2030) Gaborone catchment (Botswana). RFR proposed as it able to capture existing potential...

Traditional techniques for design flood estimation use historical rainfall-runoff data and unit hydrographs derived from them. Such procedures are questioned their reliability due to the climatic physical changes in watershed application ungauged areas. To overcome such difficulties, of physically based methods as geomorphological instantaneous hydrograph (GIUH) have evolved. In this study, GIUH is characteristics then related parameters Nash (IUH) model deriving its complete shape. The IUH...

To predict the variability of dam water levels, parametric Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), stochastic Vector AutoRegressive (VAR), Random Forest (RFR) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were compared based on influences climate factors (rainfall temperature), indices (DSLP, Aridity Index (AI), SOI Niño 3.4) land-use land-cover (LULC) as predictor variables. For case study Gaborone Bokaa in semi-arid Botswana, from 2001 to 2019, prediction results...

In attempting to model the random behaviour of Indian summer monsoon, possibility using a generalized four-parameter Kappa distribution representing family distributions has been explored. An L-Moment procedure developed by Hosking (1994) IBM J. Res. Dev., 38(3), 251–258, used for estimation reliable rainfall quantiles. Using these estimates, isopluvial maps have some commonly recurrence intervals (viz. 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 years) which can be operational hydro-meteorologists....

<h2>Abstract</h2> Fatalities due to road accidents remain a major challenge worldwide. In the recent years, Malawi, one of developing African countries with total population about 19 million has also been witnessing very high fatality rate [of 31 crash deaths per 100,000 in 2016] compared most its neighbours region. This seems be continuously increasing even several intervention measures, such as, speed and alcohol impairment laws, laws for mandatory seatbelt helmet use. view this, study...

Futuristic rainfall projections are used in scale and various climate impact assessments. However, the influence of variability on spatial distribution patterns characteristics at local level, especially semi-arid catchments that highly variable not well explored. In this study, we explore a Shashe catchment, Northeastern Botswana. The LARS-WG, Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator downscaling method, three representative scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, 4.5), trend detection methods...

Rainfall is a major requirement for many water resources applications, including food production and security. Understanding the main drivers of rainfall its variability in semi-arid areas key to unlocking complex processes influencing translation into runoff. In recent studies, temperature humidity were found be among predictors Botswana South African catchments when using models based on generalized linear (GLMs). this study, we explore use other less such as artificial neural networks...

Abstract A graphical test is presented to check if recorded annual maximum flood data for a group of gauging stations in region belong common parent distribution (P). The compares the observed at site L-coefficient variation (Lcv) with its sampling distribution. latter obtained by generating synthetic sequences from an assumed sites deemed be homogeneous Lcv, treated as order statistic, lies within proposed has been applied Tanzania delineate country into 12 regions.

Assessment of probable causes chlorine decay in water distribution systems Gaborone city, Botswana city system (GCWDS) is rapidly expanding and has been faced with the major problems high losses due to leakage, shortages drought inadequate residuals at remote areas network. This study investigated decay, pipe wall conditions quality GCWDS. An experimental approach, which applied a pipe-loop network model estimate biofilm growth reaction rate constants, was used analyse decay. Also, effects...