A5010883702- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Environmental Conservation and Management
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
UCLouvain
2016-2025
KU Leuven
2006-2007
University of Washington
2007
Sorbonne Université
2007
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2007
UCL Australia
2004
Summary As ectothermic organisms, butterflies have widely been used as models to explore the predicted impacts of climate change. However, most studies only one life stage; our best knowledge, none integrated impact temperature on vital rates all stages for a species conservation concern. Besides, population viability analysis are based yearly growth rate, precluding implementation and assessment important change scenarios, where occurs mainly, or differently, during some seasons. Here, we...
A fundamental challenge in experimental ecology is to capture nonlinearities of ecological responses interacting environmental drivers. Here, we demonstrate that gradient designs outperform replicated for detecting and quantifying nonlinear responses. We report the results (1) multiple computer simulations (2) two purpose-designed empirical experiments. The findings consistently revealed unreplicated sampling at a maximum number locations maximised prediction success (i.e. R² known truth)...
Habitat fragmentation is expected to impose strong selective pressures on dispersal rates. However, evolutionary responses of are not self-evident, since various selection act in opposite directions. Here we disentangled the components behavior a metapopulation context using Virtual Migration model, and linked their variation habitat specialist butterfly Proclossiana eunomia. Our study provided nearly unique opportunity how modifies at landscape scale, as opposed microlandscapes or...
We studied the consequences of behaviour at habitat patch boundaries on dispersal for bog fritillary butterfly Proclossiana eunomia Esper in two networks differing fragmentation and matrix quality. tested differences responses to according level network by analysing movement paths adult butterflies. Butterflies systematically engaged U-turns when they reached a boundary fragmented while crossed over more than 40% encounters continuous one. applied Virtual Migration model (Hanski, Alho &...
Summary Laboratory microcosm experiments using protists as model organisms have a long tradition and are widely used to investigate general concepts in population biology, community ecology evolutionary biology. Many variables of interest measured order study processes patterns at different spatiotemporal scales across all levels biological organization. This includes measurements body size, mobility or abundance, understand dynamics, dispersal behaviour ecosystem processes. Also, variety...
It is widely recognized that ecological dynamics influence evolutionary dynamics, and conversely changes alter processes. Because fragmentation impacts all biological levels (from individuals to ecosystems) through isolation reduced habitat size, it strongly affects the links among processes such as population local adaptation, dispersal speciation. Here, we review our current knowledge of eco‐evolutionary in fragmented landscapes, focusing on both theory experimental studies. We then...
Abstract Microbes are critical components of ecosystems and provide vital services (e.g., photosynthesis, decomposition, nutrient recycling). From the diverse roles microbes play in natural ecosystems, high levels functional diversity result. Quantifying this is challenging, because it weakly associated with morphological differentiation. In addition, small size hinders behavioral measurements at individual level, as well interactions between individuals. Advances microbial community...
Dispersal between habitat patches is a key process in the functioning of (meta)populations. As distance suitable habitats increases, ongoing fragmentation expected to generate strong selection pressures on movement behaviour. This leads an increase or decrease dispersal according its cost relative landscape structure. To limit increasingly hostile matrix, we predict that organisms would adopt special behaviour habitats, which are different from movements associated with resource searching...
Abstract Salmonids are an important component of biodiversity, culture and economy in several regions, particularly the North Pacific Rim. Given this importance, they have been intensively studied for about a century, pioneering scientists recognized critical link between population structure conservation. Spatial is indeed prime importance salmon conservation management. At first glance, essence metapopulation concept, i.e. populations, widely used on other organisms like butterflies, seems...
Theory predicts that lower dispersal, and associated gene flow, leads to decreased genetic diversity in small isolated populations, which generates adverse consequences for fitness, subsequently demography. Here we report the first time this effect a well-connected natural butterfly metapopulation with high population densities at edge of its distribution range. We demonstrate that: (1) was coupled sharp decrease adult lifetime expectancy, key component individual fitness; (2) positively...
Habitat quality and habitat geometry are two crucial factors driving metapopulation dynamics. However, their intricacy has prevented so far a reliable test of relative impact on local population dynamics persistence. Here we report long-term study in which manipulated within butterfly metapopulation, whereas was kept constant. The treatment consisted lowering the certain patches while others were untreated, using same spatial design over years. effect assessed by comparing residence...
Summary Experimental laboratory systems (ELS) are widely applied research tools to test theoretical predictions in ecology and evolution. Combining ELS with automated image analysis could significantly boost information acquisition due the ease at which abundance morphological data is collected. Despite advantages of analysis, technology has not been fully adopted yet, presumably difficulties technical implementation. The needed integrate nowadays readily available: digital camera equipment...
Metapopulation models predicting the persistence of species on verge extinction in fragmented landscapes have to include local population dynamics. In this paper, we report a 9‐yr study which patchy bog fritillary was monitored each year, with special focus quantifying demographic parameters. We parameterised various constrained linear (CLM) capture‐mark‐recapture (CMR) data collected field year and tested effects several variables Selecting best CLM, estimated mean variance (1) individual...
Significance In contrast to the classically expected coupling between ecological specialization and low dispersal propensity, theory predicts that with habitat choice (i.e., individuals choose habitats maximizing their performance) should evolve in specialists, while generalists disperse more randomly. Here, we show ciliate microcosms thermal specialists indeed prefer optimal habitats, whereas surprisingly, also perform but a preference for suboptimal habitats. To tackle question of why...
Dispersal and phenotypic plasticity are two main ways for species to deal with rapid changes of their environments. Understanding how genotypes (G), environments (E), interaction (genotype environment; G × E) each affects dispersal propensity is therefore instrumental predicting the ecological evolutionary responses under global change. Here we used an actively dispersing ciliate quantify contributions G, E, E on propensity, exposing 44 different three environmental contexts (densities in...
The surveying of animal tracks is a cost-effective wildlife monitoring technique in conservation, provided the substrate suitable for to imprint and observers are skilled enough detect identify them. However, as with every method quantifying population abundance, it can be biased if track detectability not accounted for. Track has two components: probability p1ˆ an movement path intersect sampling unit at least once p2ˆ detection. Here, we measured p2ˆ, often overlooked, tested what extent...
Summary 1. Population viability analyses (PVA) are extremely useful tools for the management of endangered species at landscape scale. Two main families spatially explicit models available to perform PVA: (i) presence–absence models, in which local populations either existing or extinct each generation, and (ii) structured population dynamics modelled. In this study we compared usefulness both approaches prediction persistence a living highly fragmented landscape. 2. The cranberry fritillary...