Tibetan wild barley is a treasure trove of useful genes for crop improvement including abiotic stress tolerance, like drought. Root hair single-celled structures plays an important role in water and nutrition uptake. Polyethylene-glycol-induced drought hydroponic/petri-dish experiments were performed, where root morphology transcriptional characteristics two contrasting genotypes (drought-tolerant XZ5 drought-sensitive XZ54) drought-tolerant cv. Tadmor compared. Drought-induced growth was...

Nitrogen (N) is the most common limiting factor for crop productivity worldwide. An effective approach to solve N deficiency develop low (LN) tolerant cultivars. Tibetan annual wild barley well-known its wide genetic diversity and high tolerance poor soil fertility. Up date, no study has been done illustrate mechanism of LN underlying at transcriptional level. In this study, we employed Illumina RNA-Sequencing determine genotypic difference in transcriptome profile using two genotypes...

Development of the new crop cultivars with high yield under low nitrogen (N) input is a fundamental approach to enhance agricultural sustainability, which dependent on exploitation elite germplasm. In present study, four barley genotypes (two Tibetan wild and two cultivated), differing in N use efficiency (NUE), were characterized for their physiological biochemical responses different levels. Higher levels significantly increased contents other essential nutrients (P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu Mn),...

Our previous studies showed that high salt tolerance in Tibetan wild barley accessions was associated with HvHKT1;1, a member of the high-affinity potassium transporter family. However, molecular mechanisms HvHKT1;1 for and its roles K+/Na+ homeostasis remain to be elucidated. Functional characterization conducted present study. NaCl-induced transcripts were significantly higher roots XZ16 relative other genotypes, being closely biomass lower tissue Na+ content under stress. Heterologous...

Recalcitrance to tissue culture and genetic transformation is the major bottleneck for gene manipulation in crops. In barley, immature embryos of Golden Promise have typically been used as explants transformation. However, genotype dependence this approach limits modification commercial varieties. Here, we developed an anther culture-based system that permits effective creation transgenic gene-edited plants from barley The protocol was tested four Australian varieties, which differed...

Transcription factors GATAs were a member of zinc finger protein, which could bind DNA regulatory regions to control expression target genes, thus influencing plant growth and development either in normal condition or environmental stresses. Recently, GATA genes have been found functionally characterized number species. However, little information annotated wheat.In the current study, 79 identified wheat, unevenly located on 21 chromosomes. According analysis phylogenetic tree functional...

Potassium (K) deficiency is one of the major factors affecting crop growth and productivity. Development low-K tolerant crops an effective approach to solve nutritional in agricultural production. Tibetan annual wild barley rich genetic diversity can grow normally under poor soils, including supply. However, molecular mechanism about low K tolerance still poorly understood. In this study, Illumina RNA-Sequencing was performed using two genotypes differing (XZ153, XZ141, sensitive), determine...

Many genetic loci for wheat plant height (PH) have been reported, and 26 dwarfing genes catalogued. To identify major stable PH, here we thoroughly summarized these functionally or verified from QTL linkage analysis genome-wide association study published 2003 to 2022. A total of 332 QTL, 270 GWAS 83 PH were integrated onto chromosomes according their locations in the IWGSC RefSeq v2.1 65 QTL-rich clusters (QRC) defined. Candidate each QRC predicted based on Annotation information functional...

Potassium (K) deficiency in arable land is one of the most important factors affecting crop productivity. Development low K (LK) tolerant cultivars regarded as a best economic and effective approach for solving issue LK. In previous studies, we found wider variation LK tolerance Tibetan wild barley accessions than cultivated barley. However, mechanism still elusive. this study, two genotypes (XZ153, XZ141, sensitive) cultivar (LuDaoMai, tolerant) was used to investigate metabolome changes...

Members of the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element (ABRE) binding factor (ABF) and ABA-responsive protein (AREB) families play essential roles in regulation ABA signaling pathway activity shape ability plants to adapt a range stressful environmental conditions. To date, however, systematic genome-wide analyses focused on ABF/AREB gene family wheat are lacking. Here, we identified 35 genes genome, designated TaABF1–TaABF35 according their chromosomal distribution. These were further...

Salt tolerance is a critical trait for plant survival and productivity in saline environments. Development of salt tolerant crops practical strategy addressing soil salinity issues. In this study, RNA-Seq analysis was performed using two wheat cultivars with contrasting (Neixiang188, Barra, sensitive) at 6 h 24 after treatment to determine the genetic variations reflected RNA expression patterns identify key genes associated tolerance. Our results revealed that there were 2983 upregulated...

Barley is a low phosphorus (P) demand cereal crop. Tibetan wild barley, as progenitor of cultivated has revealed outstanding ability tolerance to low-P stress. However, the underlying mechanisms adaption and relevant genetic controlling are still unclear.We identified tolerant barley lines in doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from an elite accession high-yield cultivar. The greater root plasticity terms lateral length, compared sensitive lines, response By integrating QTLs associated...

FHY3 and its homologous protein FAR1 are the founding members of FRS family. They exhibited diverse powerful physiological functions during evolution, participated in response to multiple abiotic stresses. FRF genes considered be truncated family proteins. competed with for DNA binding sites regulate gene expression. However, only few studies available on plants participating regulation stress. With wide adaptability high stress-resistance, barley is an excellent candidate identification...

Tube-like outgrowths from root epidermal cells, known as hairs, enhance water and nutrient absorption, facilitate microbial interactions, contribute to plant anchorage by expanding the surface area. Genetically regulated strongly influenced environmental conditions, longer hairs generally correlating with increased stress resistance. Wheat, a globally predominant crop pivotal for human nutrition, necessitates identification of long hair genotypes their regulatory genes capture yield...

Low temperature is a major abiotic stress affecting crop growth and productivity. A better understanding of low tolerance mechanisms imperative for developing the cultivars with improved tolerance. We herein performed an Illumina RNA-sequencing experiment using two barley genotypes differing in freezing (Nure, tolerant Tremois, sensitive), to determine transcriptome profiling genotypic difference under mild shock treatment after very short acclimation gene induction. total 6,474...

Saline soil is a critical environmental problem affecting crop yield worldwide. Tibetan wild barley distinguished for its vast genetic diversity and high degree of tolerance to abiotic stress, including salinity. The present study compared the response antioxidant defense system in XZ16 CM72 cultivated barleys salt stress. Wild was relatively more tolerant than CM72, salt-tolerant cultivar, with less Na+ uptake K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ retention plant tissues. results diaminobenzidine (DAB) nitroblue...

Potassium (K) deficiency in soil has become a global problem agricultural production, seriously restricting crop production and sustainable development. Identification of the microRNAs associated with K use efficiency understanding their functions response to low stress will be helpful for developing varieties tolerance. Our previous study identified tolerant accession, XZ153 from Tibetan wild barley. In this study, small RNA degradome analysis were performed on two barley genotypes...

Development of crop cultivars with high low nitrogen (LN) tolerance or use efficiency (NUE) is imperative for sustainable agriculture development. Tibetan wild barley rich in genetic diversity and may provide elite genes LN improvement. Little has been known about transcriptional responses the to chronic stress.In this study, transcriptomic profiling two genotypes, LN- tolerant XZ149 LN-sensitive XZ56 conducted using RNA-Seq reveal genotypic difference response stress. A total 520...

Transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators of numerous gene expressions due to their ability recognize and combine cis-elements in the promoters target genes. The INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) family belongs a subfamily C2H2 zinc finger proteins has been identified only terrestrial plants. Nevertheless, little study reported concerning genome-wide analysis IDD maize. In total, 22 ZmIDD genes were identified, which can be distributed on 8 chromosomes On basis evolutionary relationships...