A5028790823- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Forest ecology and management
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
University of Freiburg
2017-2024
Severe droughts endanger ecosystem functioning worldwide. We investigated how drought affects carbon and water fluxes as well soil-plant-atmosphere interactions by tracing 13CO2 deep 2H2O label pulses volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an enclosed experimental rainforest. Ecosystem dynamics were driven different plant functional group responses to drought. Drought-sensitive canopy trees dominated total but also exhibited the strongest response topsoil drying. Although all canopy-forming...
Abstract Drought impacts on microbial activity can alter soil carbon fate and lead to the loss of stored atmosphere as CO 2 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Here we examined drought allocation by microbes in Biosphere artificial tropical rainforest tracking 13 C from position-specific C-pyruvate into VOCs parallel with multi-omics. During drought, efflux C-enriched acetate, acetone 4 H 6 O (diacetyl) increased. These changes represent increased production buildup intermediate metabolites...
We recorded capture events (CEs) of the daphniid Ceriodaphnia dubia by carnivorous Southern bladderwort with suction traps (Utricularia australis). Independent to orientation and behavior during trap triggering, animals were successfully captured within 9 ms on average sucked in velocities up 4 m/s accelerations 2800 g. Phases very high acceleration onsets immediately followed phases similarly deceleration (max.: -1900 g) inside bladders, leading immobilization prey which then dies. found...
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) are building blocks for biomass and fuel metabolic processes. However, it remains unclear how tropical forests mobilize, export, transport NSCs to cope with extreme droughts. We combined drought manipulation ecosystem 13CO2 pulse-labeling in an enclosed rainforest at Biosphere 2, assessed changes NSCs, traced newly assimilated plant species diverse hydraulic traits canopy positions. show that caused a depletion of leaf starch reserves slowed export below...
Although chiral monoterpenes emitted by plants above- and belowground shape the chemical landscape of many ecosystems, their biosynthesis emissions, especially in response to drought, are poorly understood. We imposed a 6-week drought on two-year old, potted saplings Norway spruce analysed monoterpene emissions tissue concentrations from needles roots. Isotopically labelled pyruvate was used compare tissue-specific contributions de novo synthesis concentrations. While (-)-α-pinene both...
As direct mediators between plants and soil, roots play an important role in metabolic responses to environmental stresses such as drought, yet these are vastly uncharacterized on a plant-specific level, especially for co-occurring species. Here, we aim examine the effects of drought root profiles carbon allocation pathways three tropical rainforest species by combining cutting-edge metabolomic imaging technologies situ position-specific 13C-pyruvate root-labeling experiment. Further, washed...
Summary Hydrogen isotope ratios of plant lipids are used for paleoclimate reconstruction, but influenced by both source water and biosynthetic processes. Measuring 2 H : 1 multiple compounds produced different pathways could allow these effects to be separated, hydrogen fractionations during isoprenoid biosynthesis remain poorly constrained. To investigate how fractionation is molecular exchange between the cytosolic plastidial production pathways, we paired position‐specific 13 C‐pyruvate...
Many belowground processes, such as soil respiration and soil-atmosphere VOC (volatile organic compounds) exchange, are closely linked to microbiological processes. However, little is known about how changes in plant species cover, i.e. after invasion, alter these In particular, the response of emissions invasion not well understood. We analysed a Mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber) ecosystem, comparing from non-invaded Q. suber woodland one invaded by shrub Cistus ladanifer. Soil were...
Abstract In the near future, climate change will cause enhanced frequency and/or severity of droughts in terrestrial ecosystems, including tropical forests. Drought responses by trees may affect their carbon use, production volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with implications for cycling and atmospheric chemistry that are challenging to predict. It remains unclear how metabolic adjustments mature response drought fluxes associated daytime CO2 VOC emission. To address this gap, we used...
Plants emit diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from their leaves and roots for protection against biotic abiotic stress. An important signaling cascade activated by aboveground herbivory is the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway that stimulates production of VOCs. So far it remains unclear if activation this also leads to enhanced VOC emissions conifer roots, how interplay above- belowground defenses in plants are affected multiple stressors. Therefore, we simultaneously analyzed needle root...
Pulse labeling experiments remain an invaluable tool for tracing element allocation dynamics following environmental changes, ecological disturbance or extreme events. They are primarily used on the small scale, from single organisms to maximally plot scale. Thus, upscaling of their outcomes is frequently challenging because a lack spatial representativeness and potentially missed interactions due excluded ecosystem components. As we tackle black box when studying belowground processes,...
Abstract In the near future, climate change will cause enhanced frequency and/or severity in terrestrial ecosystems, including tropical forests. Drought responses by trees may affect their carbon use, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with unpredictable implications for cycling and atmospheric chemistry. It remains unclear how metabolic adjustments mature response to drought fluxes associated daytime CO 2 VOC emission. To address this gap, we used position-specific 13...
Abstract Drought impacts microbial carbon cycling, and thus the fate of in soils. Carbon allocation to energy via CO 2 producing respiration biosynthesis volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions both represent consequent loss atmosphere, although only former is well studied. Here, we examined drought on by soil microbes VOCs using position-specific 13 C-labeled pyruvate multi-omics an artificial tropical rainforest. During drought, C-VOCs efflux increased, driven increased production...
<p>Hydrogen isotope ratios (<sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H) of plant waxes and other lipids preserved in sediments are increasingly used as a paleohydrologic proxy for past water isotopes. The relationship between precipitation <sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H those surface is linearly correlated at global scale. However, there large residuals this relationship, the offsets...
<p>Climate change exerts increasing pressure on tropical rainforests enhancing their susceptibility to environmental stress. Plants' abilities rapidly adjust metabolism are critical for reducing the stress effects caused by extreme external conditions. Plants produce a wide spectrum of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) cope with oxidative and thermal The distribution amount VOC production thereby vary greatly not only among species but also organs, such as leaves roots. Within...
<p>Trees contribute substantially to the carbon cycling between biosphere and atmosphere. Tropical ecosystems in particular are known exchange not only CO<sub>2</sub> with atmosphere, but also a wide variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). With their high reactivity short life time, VOCs play crucial role atmospheric chemistry plant signaling interactions. Due climate change periods sustained drought thought increase future have potential alter...