Two studies are presented on expressive happy and sad drawings made by British 4‐ to 12‐year‐olds ( n = 80 160, respectively) in which the were assessed individually for quantity quality of devices. Quantity was measured number appropriate content themes formal properties evident each drawing. Quality rated a Likert scale extent drawing expressed intended mood. Both predetermined free topics increased with age. Improvements expression, but much less so properties, accounted development...

There has been supportive evidence of drawing facilitating young children's event recall. The present study investigated whether additional details are recalled if the interviewer uses interactive questions in response to information children have spontaneously drawn or verbally reported. Eighty 5- 6-year-olds were shown a video clip novel and interviewed following day. randomly allocated one four recall conditions: tell-only, draw-and-tell, draw-and-tell tell-only. verbal reports...

Abstract Concept: Few empirical studies have investigated the influence of teachers, parents and children on children's drawing experience. The current study aims to examine attitudes practices these three key players that shape Method: A survey methodology was used, as typically found in previous research this area. Participants were 270 5–14 year old children, 44 their teachers National Curriculum for Art Design, 146 parents. participated individual interviews completed a postal survey....

The autistic impairments in emotional and social competence, imagination generating ideas predict qualitative differences expressive drawings by children with autism beyond that accounted any general learning difficulties. In a sample of 60 5–19‐year‐olds, happy sad were requested from 15 participants non‐savant compared those drawn three control groups matched on either degree difficulty ( MLD ), mental age MA ) or chronological CA ). All rated two artists 7‐point quality expression scale....

The current study reports previously unpublished data on drawing as an assessment tool obtained from a survey of broader practices British clinical psychologists ( Bekhit, Thomas, Lalonde, & Jolley, 2002 ). A questionnaire was completed by 158 practising in Britain concerning their use of, and views about psychological the drawings such assessment. results were compared with those similar conducted United States Lubin, Larsen, Matarazzo, Seever (1985) Watkins, Campbell, Nieberding,...

Little is known about how children's drawing ability may vary between different educational approaches. This study investigated the expressive and representational of British National Curriculum, Steiner, Montessori pupils aged 5 to 9 years old. Ability was measured from performance on specified tasks. One hundred 35 children participated, 45 each establishment consisting 15 three age groups, 5-, 7- 9-year-olds. Participants completed drawings (depicting a happy, sad, angry mood)...

Previous research shows that the development of response inhibition and drawing skill are linked. The current investigated whether this association reflects a more fundamental link between motor control. In Experiment 1, 3‐ 4‐year‐olds ( n = 100) were tested on measures inhibition, fine control, skill. Data revealed an which was responsible for most observed with 2 provided evidence that, unlike gross control not associated (after controlling IQ ). Alternative explanations outlined,...

Across two experimental studies, we explored whether exposure to intergroup conspiracy theories can increase violent reactions towards targeted groups. We also examined how ideological attitudes may moderate the effect. In Study 1 ( N = 160, preregistered), found that immigrant (vs. control) increased willingness use violence for those who reported higher social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). 2 211, preregistered) sought extend these results by focusing on...

The present study examines the development of understanding metaphorical expression mood in line drawings. Participants ranging age from 4 years to adult were tested firstly on their spontaneous use expressed as criteria for matching scenes, and secondly, ability recognize when directly asked do so. Whilst participants all ages could appropriate moods drawings, most children made selections task basis subject matter with only adults predominantly mood. This progression preoccupation...

The present study examined the development of sensitivity to positive and negative moods metaphorically expressed through formal properties paintings. Subjects aged from 5 17 years provided mood labels (happy, sad, angry, or calm) for abstract works that had been rated by adults as saliently expressing one these four moods. Sensitivity expression all developed with age, correct assignment above chance levels at 7 older. Performance 7‐year‐olds on happy was significantly superior sad works....

The purpose of the present study was to investigate roles emotional comprehension and representational drawing skill in children's expressive drawing. Fifty 7- 10-year-olds were asked produce two (happy sad) drawings, drawings (drawing a man running house) answer Test Emotion Comprehension (Pons & Harris, 2000). assessed on number subject matter themes ('content expression') overall quality expression 5-point scale. Each measured scale assessing detail visual realism criteria, contributed...

Chinese participants, ranging in age from 4 years old to adult, were tested on their ability select drawings appropriately complete a positively or negatively charged drawing. Justifications for selections obtained, as well identification of the mood they perceived drawings. Comparing these responses with those British participants same tasks (Jolley & Thomas, 1995) revealed that recognition pictures may be shown at an early both cultures. Performance completion and reported...

Two studies compared 2‐ to 14‐year‐olds’ production and comprehension of realism in human figure drawings. In the task, children were asked choose from an array children's drawings (1) most realistic drawing, (2) one they liked best, (3) similar their own Both reported that all drawing levels typically selected a more advanced than shown productions for three questions, except drawers consistently estimated level appropriately. Study 2, also place age‐related developmental sequence....

Abstract The benefits of drawing for children are wide‐ranging but likely to be mediated by the art curriculum and other governmental guidance teachers relevant drawing/art. Furthermore, such statutory regulations vary between cultures, therefore curricula represent an important influence on cultural differences found in children's drawings. Previous articles teaching Chinese schools have commented upon emphasis placed copying from adult models. However, a new was implemented infant...

The claim that topics in children's drawings convey the emotional attitude towards those was investigated.The influence of an topic (neutral man, friendly and enemy soldier) trauma group (child with father or killed war) examined on size their placement relative to a self-portrait drawing.Sixty Croatian children drew followed separate page by either (a) soldier, (b) soldier (c) second drawing man. child's placed each page.There were no significant main interaction effects topic.There are...

Diaryliodonium salts are useful arylating reagents that have been exploited widely.In this Communication, we demonstrate heating diphenyliodonium triflate in the solvent DMSO leads to an unexpected arylation reaction.It is postulated of at oxygen, followed by a thia-Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement, formation 2-thiomethylphenols.More substituted diaryliodonium and cyclic shown be more stable less likely react with DMSO.In conclusion, when using iodonium dissolved DMSO, beware side-reactions.

Although different approaches to teaching children draw have been advocated and practiced, little is known about how these may influence children’s developing drawing abilities. In this study the drawings of pupils receiving an art education which attempts teach representational expressive skills concurrently (mainstream schools in England) are compared those who experience alternative emphasizes imaginative, creative before introducing (Waldorf Steiner schools). One hundred sixty 7-...