We report that motion coherence thresholds in children with autism are significantly higher than matched controls. No corresponding difference form was found. interpret this as a specific deficit dorsal stream function autism. To examine the possibility of neural basis for perceptual and motor related abnormalities frequently cited we tested 23 diagnosed autistic disorder, on two tasks to ventral cortical functions. The results provide evidence individuals have impairment functioning....

Understanding the operating characteristics of theory mind is essential for understanding how beliefs, desires, and other mental states are inferred, role such inferences could play in cognitive processes. We present first investigation automaticity belief reasoning. In an incidental false-belief task, adult subjects responded more slowly to unexpected questions concerning another person's about object's location than real location. Results conditions showed that responses were not...

Abstract Recent research has changed how developmental psychologists understand counterfactual thinking or thoughts of what might have been. Evidence suggests that develops over an extended period into at least middle childhood, depends on domain‐general processes including executive function and language, dissociates from emotions such as regret. In this article, we review the evidence forms a critical but often‐overlooked complement to cognitive, social, neuroscience literatures. We also...

The performance of 93 children aged 3 and 4 years on a battery different counterfactual tasks was assessed. Three measures: short causal chains, location change conditionals, false syllogisms—but not fourth, long chains—were correlated, even after controlling for age receptive vocabulary. Children's our thinking measure predicted by vocabulary ability inhibitory control. role that domain general executive functions may play in 3- to 4-year olds' development is discussed.

Abstract Understanding (a) how responses become prepotent provides insights into when inhibition is needed in everyday life. (b) response prepotency overcome for helping children develop strategies overcoming such tendencies. Concerning (a), on tasks as the day‐night Stroop‐like task, difficulty with inhibiting saying name of stimulus due to being semantically related correct or its a valid task (i.e. member set) though incorrect this stimulus? Experiment 1 (with 40 4‐year‐olds) suggests...

Gerstadt, Hong, and Diamond (1994) investigated the development of inhibitory control in children aged 3½ – 7 years using day–night task. In two studies we build on Gerstadt et al. 's findings with a measure that can be used throughout childhood. Study 1 (twenty‐four 3½‐year‐olds sixteen 5‐year‐olds) modified Using this task obtained further evidence for between 5‐years‐old. We also data suggestive more moderate working memory development. 2 tested 84 11 years. The aim was to determine how...

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Children with autism were compared control groups on their ability to make moral judgements. Participants presented pairs of vignettes in which actions either deliberate or accidental and caused injury a person damage property. asked judge protagonist was the naughtier verbally justify this judgement. Results showed that children as likely controls culpability basis motive, persons more culpable than also offered some appropriate verbal justifications for judgments although most poor quality...

Language and action naturally occur together in the form of cospeech gestures, there is now convincing evidence that listeners display a strong tendency to integrate semantic information from both domains during comprehension. A contentious question, however, has been which brain areas are causally involved this integration process. In previous neuroimaging studies, left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) posterior middle temporal (pMTG) have emerged as candidate areas; it currently not clear...

Several theories of belief processing assume that another's false requires overcoming an egocentric bias toward one's current knowledge. The evidence in support this claim, however, is limited. In order to investigate the presence adult processing, computer mouse tracking was used across three experiments measure attraction response options reflecting knowledge while reporting a belief. Participants viewed scenarios which agent either had true or about location set keys. answer reality...

Understanding how responses become prepotent is essential for understanding when inhibitory control needed in everyday behavior. The authors investigated the conditions under which manual actions became a go/no-go task. Children had to open boxes that contained stickers on go trials and leave shut were empty no-go trials. In Experiment 1 (n = 40, mean age 3.6 years), obtained evidence consistent with this task requiring control. Results of 2 3.7 years) suggested box opening was because (a)...

In a recent study Diamond, Kirkham and Amso (2002) obtained evidence consistent with the claim that day-night task requires inhibition because picture its corresponding conflicting response are semantically related. their children responded more accurately in dog-pig condition (see /day picture/ say "dog"; see /night "pig") than standard "night"; "day"). However, there is another effect may have made harder condition: set effect. names of two stimuli ("day" "night") responses ("night" "day")...

When copying a model's behavior with tool, children tend to imitate (copy the specific actions replicate goal) rather than emulate (bring about goal in most efficient way). Tasks producing these findings test immediately after is modeled. In 2 experiments, we investigated children's delay (of week). Experiment 1 (n = 90), found that although 3- and 4-year-olds often short term, they are more likely long term. Data from 80) were consistent remembering relevant causal narrative of task....