A5086250433- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Subcritical and Supercritical Water Processes
- Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena
- Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Petroleum Processing and Analysis
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Lignin and Wood Chemistry
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing
- Risk and Safety Analysis
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2009-2022
National Technical Information Service
2009
United States Department of Commerce
2009
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
2009
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
2003-2008
Battelle
2004-2005
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2004
Cardiff University
2004
Abstract Catalytic hydroprocessing has been applied to biomass fast pyrolysis liquid product (bio‐oil) in a bench‐scale continuous‐flow fixed‐bed reactor system. The intent of the research was develop process technology convert bio‐oil into petroleum refinery feedstock supplement fossil energy resources and displace imported feedstock. project cooperative development agreement among UOP LLC, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Pacific Northwest (PNNL). This article is focused on...
Bio-oil (product liquids from fast pyrolysis of biomass) is a complex mixture oxygenates derived the thermal breakdown biopolymers in biomass. In case lignocellulosic biomass, structures three major components, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, are well-represented by bio-oil components. To study chemical mechanisms catalytic hydroprocessing bio-oil, model compounds were chosen to represent those Guaiacol represents large number mono- dimethoxy phenols found soft- or hardwood,...
Catalytic hydroprocessing has been applied to the fast pyrolysis liquid product (bio-oil) from softwood biomass in a bench-scale continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor system. The intent of research was develop process technology convert bio-oil into petroleum refinery feedstock supplement fossil energy resources and displace imported feedstock. This paper is focused on experimentation analysis. A range operating parameters, including temperature 170 or 250 400 °C two-stage flow rate 0.19 hourly...
Wet macroalgal slurries have been converted into a biocrude by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in bench-scale continuous-flow reactor system. Carbon conversion to gravity-separable oil product of 58.8% was accomplished at relatively low temperature (350 °C) pressurized (subcritical liquid water) environment (20 MPa) when using feedstock with 21.7% concentration dry solids. As opposed earlier work batch reactors reported others, direct recovery achieved without the use solvent, and biomass...
Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) and Catalytic Gasification (CHG) proof-of-concept bench-scale tests were performed to assess the potential of hydrothermal treatment for handling municipal wastewater sludge. HTL conducted at 300 350 °C 20 MPa on three different feeds: primary sludge, secondary digested solids. Corresponding CHG aqueous phase output using a ruthenium-based catalyst. Biocrude yields ranged from 25 37%. composition quality comparable biocrudes generated algae feeds. Subsequent...
Improved catalyst formulations have been developed and tested for hydrothermal gasification of wet organics. A high-pressure (about 20 MPa) high-temperature 350 °C) liquid water processing environment was used to treat organic chemical model compounds. The feedstocks were converted primarily methane carbon dioxide in the presence a heterogeneous catalyst. Test results with different showed that composition could be tailored effectively process wastes wastewater recover useful fuel gas.
Through the use of a metal catalyst, gasification wet biomass can be accomplished with high levels carbon conversion to gas at relatively low temperature (350 °C). In pressurized-water environment (20 MPa), near-total organic structure gases has been achieved in presence ruthenium catalyst. The process is essentially steam reforming, as there no added oxidizer or reagent other than water. addition, produced medium heating value due synthesis methane, dictated by thermodynamic equilibrium....
Through the use of a metal catalyst, gasification wet algae slurries can be accomplished with high levels carbon conversion to gas at relatively low temperature (350 °C). In pressurized-water environment (20 MPa), near-total organic structure gases has been achieved in presence supported ruthenium catalyst. The process is essentially steam reforming, as there no added oxidizer or reagent other than water. addition, produced medium-heating value due synthesis methane, dictated by...
Fast pyrolysis of biomass can be used to produce a raw bio-oil product, which upgraded by catalytic hydroprocessing hydrocarbon liquid products. In this study, the products were distilled recover light naphtha and oils distillation residue with useful properties for coker processing production renewable low-sulfur electrode carbon. For work, phase separation was applied as preparatory step concentrate heavier, more phenolic components, thus, generating amenable feedstock production. Low...
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) liquifies wet feedstocks to produce a biocrude under moderate temperatures (300–450 °C) and high pressures (>2500 psi). The can be upgraded transportation fuels (predominantly diesel) using typical refinery unit operations (e.g., hydrotreater distillation). HTL of wet-wastes is promising route environmentally friendly cost-competitive fuels; however, the feedstock significantly impacts product quality process yield. Consequently, it important rigorously...
Catalytic gasification of organics has been demonstrated at the engineering development scale as an option for chemical manufacturing wastewater cleanup. A high-pressure (about 20 MPa) and high-temperature 350 °C) liquid water processing environment was used to treat wastewaters two industrial sites. Organic byproducts from were converted primarily methane carbon dioxide in presence a fixed bed nickel/ruthenium catalyst. Test results with streams showed that this process could be effectively...
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify mineral phases and determine corrosion rates of granular iron samples from a 2-yr field column study. Similar other studies, goethite, magnetite, aragonite, calcite were found be the major precipitated minerals, Fe2(OH)2CO3 green rust as minor phases. Based on TGA-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, Fe0 corrodes at 0.5−6.1 mmol kg-1 d-1 in high NO3- (up 13.5 mM) groundwater; this rate is significantly...
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) offers an attractive route to produce fuel blendstocks from wet wastes. Scaleable hydrotreating data for the conversion of HTL biocrude fuels is critical commercialization HTL. Herein, we simulate pore diffusion hydrogen into catalyst pores biocrudes and conclude that standard catalysts will be limited regarding upgrading. By changing size (crushed vs extrudate catalysts), confirm impact on overall hydrogenation rate biocrudes. When using whole pill...