Abstract This review deals with major diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes in the citrus supply chain, including post-harvest fruit diseases, summarizes strategies techniques that may be adopted to prevent damages losses they cause. Its scope is highlight contribute smart technologies provide towards new solutions for sustainable safe management of these diseases. Particular attention given application biopesticides, natural substances, resistance inducers biostimulants rots. The focuses...

The aim of the study was to develop an effective bio-formulation for preventing post-harvest fungal rots in fresh citrus fruit through a multi-step process that includes isolation and characterization lactic acid bacteria (LABs) from peel, selection LAB strains with high antifungal activity, chemical cell free supernatants (CFS), formulation lemon peel powdery-based medium (LM) activated fermentates, fermented LM, evaluation efficacy new against blue mold. Thirteen LABs were recovered rind...

The objectives of this study were to (i) test the in vitro inhibitory activity fermented consortia cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (syn. Spirulina platensis) and two selected strains Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) against a set toxigenic fungal plant pathogens, including Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Fusarium graminearum, Giberella zeae, Penicillium commune, P. expansum, (ii) assess efficacy fermentates preventing infections F....

Decoding the mechanisms of plant defense against pathogens in a scenario where antagonistic activity and growth-promoting effects useful organisms intervene simultaneously is new frontier pathology. Here, we demonstrated that (i) two selected strains Trichoderma asperellum atroviride promoted tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth reduced severity disease caused by oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae (ii) genetic patterns components experimental model system tomato-Trichoderma spp.-P. were...

(1) Background: This study was aimed at identifying the Colletotrichum species associated with twig and shoot dieback of citrus, a new syndrome occurring in Mediterranean region also reported as emerging California. (2) Methods: Overall, 119 isolates were characterized. They recovered from symptomatic trees sweet orange, mandarin mandarin-like fruits during survey citrus groves Albania Sicily (southern Italy). (3) Results: The grouped into two distinct morphotypes. grouping supported by...

In this study, 16 Lactobacilli (LABs) isolated from the drupes of olive (Olea europaea) oil varieties were identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (seven isolates), Pediococcus pentosaceus (six Enterococcus faecium (two isolates) and Streptococcus salivarius (a single isolate) by peptide mass fingerprinting sequencing 16S rRNA. Antifungal activity LABs their cell-free fermentates (CFSs) against several plant pathogenic fungi oomycetes (fungi sensu lato), including Alternaria, Aspergillus...

This study identified secondary metabolites produced by Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Penicillium digitatum in fruits of two blood orange cultivars before harvest. Analysis was performed UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS. Three types were selected, asymptomatic, symptomatic showing necrotic lesions caused hail, mummified. Extracts from peel juice analyzed separately. the prevalent species recovered mummified hail-injured fruits. Among 47 identified, 16, 18, 13 A. C. P. digitatum,...

This study was aimed at identifying Alternaria species associated with heart rot disease of pomegranate fruit in southern Italy and characterizing their mycotoxigenic profile. A total 42 isolates were characterized. They obtained from fruits symptoms sampled Apulia Sicily grouped into six distinct morphotypes based on macro- microscopic features. According to multigene phylogenetic analysis, including internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF-1α),...

in vitroAspergillus flavusPenicillium commune This study assesses the potential revalorization of beer bagasse (BB), an important food industry waste, as antifungal ingredient bread, by lactic acid bacterial (LAB) fermentation this waste. Initially, vitro studies metabolite and activity were performed for preparation a microbial culture medium LAB. The with 20% BB was determined optimal growth. Therefore, bread prepared 5% 10% (w/w) dried powder fermented ingredient. heat treatment during...

Probiotics are increasingly recognized for their potential in managing bacterial challenges animal production. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic of Bacillus and Streptomyces strains, specifically bioprotective ability against Salmonella. In agar inhibition assays, these bacteria supported Salmonella-inhibition zones, ranging from 2.5 ± 0.5 6.3 2.0 mm. Analyses antimicrobial metabolites revealed capacity produce compounds with anti-Salmonella properties, except subtilis MLB2. When...

Olive trees are a cornerstone of Mediterranean agriculture but face significant threats from diseases such as Verticillium wilt and olive anthracnose. These diseases, caused by dahliae Colletotrichum spp., respectively, result in economic losses degrade oil quality. While traditional chemical treatments present environmental risk, sustainable alternatives biological control agents (BCAs) gaining attention. Epicoccum nigrum, an antagonistic fungus, has shown potential BCA due to its...

Leaf chlorosis, severe defoliation and wilt associated with root rot were observed on mature olive trees cv. Nera di Gonnos in an experimental orchard at Mirto Crosia (Calabria, southern Italy). An oomycete was consistently isolated from rotten roots of symptomatic trees. It identified as Phytophthora bilorbang by morphological characters sequencing Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Pathogenicity verified inoculating potted two-month-old rooted cuttings Olea...

Managing post-harvest decays in citrus fruit without relying on conventional pesticides presents a significant challenge modern Plant Pathology. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biological control agent Candida oleophila strain O controlling green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum throughout various stages supply chain. Using series vivo experiments, different scenarios P. infections clementine tangerine, orange, and lemon were examined, with treatments applied before, during...

Abstract In an open-air market in southern Italy, we noticed ‘Lady finger’ banana fruit imported from Costa Rica showing a severe rot, whose symptoms consisted of necrotic peel lesions with variable shape and size. Fusarium sacchari F. proliferatum were consistently isolated symptomatic fruit. pathogenicity tests on fruit, was more virulent than . Quantitative Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric analysis secondary metabolites produced by isolates these two species three different matrices...

Since 1999, an unusual Phytophthora species has repeatedly been found associated with stem lesions and root collar rot on young olive trees in Southern Italy. In all cases, this was obtained from recently established commercial plantations or nursery plants. Morphologically, the isolates were characterized by abundant production of caducous non-papillate conidia-like sporangia (pseudoconidia) papillate a short pedicel, resembling P. palmivora var. heterocystica. Additional similar features...

Research Highlights: Protected natural areas are a reservoir of Phytophthora species and represent the most suitable sites to study their ecology, being less disturbed by human activities than other environments. Background Objectives: The specific objective this was correlate diversity distribution with vegetation in aquatic, riparian terrestrial habitats within protected area Eastern Sicily, Southern Italy. Materials Methods: Environmental samples (water soil) were sourced from two streams...

Abstract Fruit anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is a major disease of olive ( Olea europaea ) worldwide. In this study, we tested in vitro the susceptibility eight widely grown Italian cultivars and one Spanish cultivar to five species. The were Carolea, Cassanese, Coratina, Dolce Agogia, Frantoio, Leccino, Ottobratica Sant'Agostino. cultivar, included as reference, was Picual. species, pathogenicity tests, C . acutatum , gloeosporioides godetiae, karsti nymphaeae Olive drupes at...

This study was aimed to characterize the secondary metabolites produced by four Colletotrichum species, C. acutatum, gloeosporioides, godetiae and karsti, both in vitro, on potato dextrose agar (PDA) oatmeal (OA), during infection process of fruits olive cultivars differing susceptibility anthracnose, 'Coratina' 'Ottobratica', susceptible, 'Frantoio' 'Leccino', resistant. The were extracted from axenic cultures after seven days incubation olives inoculated singularly with each at three...

Neofusicoccum parvum, in the family Botryosphaeriaceae, was identified as causal agent of bot gummosis lemon (Citrus × limon) trees, two major lemon-producing regions Italy. Gummy cankers on trunk and scaffold branches mature trees were most typical disease symptoms. parvum sole fungus constantly consistently isolated from canker bark symptomatic trees. It basis morphological characters phylogenetic analysis three loci, i.e., internal transcribed spacer nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) well...

Paulownia species are fast growing trees native to China, which being grown in managed plantings several European countries for the production of wood and biomasses. In 2018, wilting, stunting, leaf yellowing, collapse, as a consequence root crown rot, were observed around 40% 2-year-old planting elongata × P. fortunei Calabria (Southern Italy). Two Phytophthora consistently recovered from roots, basal stem bark, rhizosphere soil symptomatic identified Ph. nicotianae palmivora on basis both...