A5068454549- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Health disparities and outcomes
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2013-2024
ORT Israel
2010-2022
Goddard Space Flight Center
1998-2013
Weatherford (Switzerland)
2010-2013
Open University of Israel
2010-2011
Columbia University
1998-2009
Goddard Institute for Space Studies
2004-2009
Carnegie Mellon University
2008-2009
Hunter College
2009
New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
2009
To simulate ozone (O 3 ) air quality in future decades over the eastern United States, a modeling system consisting of NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Atmosphere‐Ocean Global Climate Model, Pennsylvania State University/National Center Atmospheric Research mesoscale regional climate model (MM5), and Community Multiscale Air Quality has been applied. Estimates emissions greenhouse gases precursors are based on A2 scenario developed by Intergovernmental Panel Change (IPCC), one...
Objectives. We sought to project future impacts of climate change on summer heat-related premature deaths in the New York City metropolitan region. Methods. Current and climates were simulated over northeastern United States with a global-to-regional modeling system. Summer 1990s 2050s estimated by using range scenarios approaches acclimatization (e.g., increased use air conditioning, gradual physiological adaptation). Results. Projected regional increases mortality ranged from 47% 95%, mean...
Climate change may increase the frequency and intensity of ozone episodes in future summers United States. However, only recently have models become available that can assess impact climate on O3 concentrations health effects at regional local scales are relevant to adaptive planning. We developed applied an integrated modeling framework potential O3-related impacts decades under a changing climate. The National Aeronautics Space Administration-Goddard Institute for Studies global model 4...
This paper provides a synthesis of results that have emerged from recent modeling studies the potential sensitivity U.S. regional ozone (O3) concentrations to global climate change (ca. 2050). research has been carried out under auspices an ongoing Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) assessment effort increase scientific understanding multiple complex interactions among climate, emissions, atmospheric chemistry, and air quality. The ultimate goal is enhance ability quality managers...
A new parameter is introduced: the lightning potential index (LPI), which a measure of for charge generation and separation that leads to flashes in convective thunderstorms. The LPI calculated within region clouds between 0°C −20°C, where noninductive mechanism involving collisions ice graupel particles presence supercooled water most effective. As shown several case studies using Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model with explicit microphysics, highly correlated observed lightning. It...
Abstract The evolution of a superhurricane (Katrina, August 2005) was simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF; version 3.1) with explicit (nonparameterized) spectral bin microphysics (SBM). new computationally efficient microphysical scheme (FAST-SBM) implemented to WRF calculates at each time step in grid point size distributions atmospheric aerosols, water drops, cloud ice (ice crystals aggregates), graupel/hail. tropical cyclone (TC) during 72 h, beginning its...
The development of supercell storms was simulated using a 2‐km‐resolution weather research and forecast (WRF) model with spectral (bin) microphysics (WRF‐SBM) recent version the Thompson bulk‐parameterization scheme. simulations were performed in clean, semipolluted, dirty air under two values relative humidity, conditionally referred to as low high humidity. Both SBM scheme storm splitting. demonstrated that an increase humidity by ∼10% invigorates convection increases precipitation factor...
Abstract. Coupled atmosphere–fire models can now generate forecasts in real time, owing to recent advances computational capabilities. WRF–SFIRE consists of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with fire-spread SFIRE. This paper presents new developments, which were introduced as a response needs community interested operational testing WRF–SFIRE. These developments include fuel-moisture fuel-moisture-data-assimilation system based on Remote Automated Stations (RAWS)...
Abstract Considerable research investments have been made to improve the accuracy of forecasting precipitation systems in cloud-resolving, mesoscale atmospheric models. Yet, despite a significant improvement model grid resolution and decrease initial condition uncertainty, accurate prediction amount distribution still remains difficult problem. Now, development fast version spectral (bin) microphysics (SBM Fast) offers potential for improving description precipitation-forming processes The...
Spectral (bin) microphysics was coupled to the Weather Research Forecast model investigate effect of aerosols (i.e., air pollution) on precipitation in Sierra Nevada Mountains. Two‐dimensional simulations were produced using either maritime (“clean‐air”) or continental (“dirty‐air”) aerosols. The simulation with clean more upwind mountain slope than After 3 hours time, about 30% over length Sensitivity tests demonstrated importance relative humidity and vertical velocity cloud microphysical...
Abstract Spectral (bin) microphysics (SBM) has been implemented into the three-dimensional fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). The new model was used to simulate a squall line that developed over Florida on 27 July 1991. It is shown SBM reproduces precipitation rate, rain amounts, and location, radar reflectivity, cloud structure much better than bulk parameterizations currently in MM5. Sensitivity tests show importance of (i) raindrop breakup, (ii)...
This study of New York City, York's, heat island and its potential mitigation was structured around research questions developed by project stakeholders working with a multidisciplinary team researchers. Meteorological, remotely-sensed, spatial data on the urban environment were brought together to understand multiple dimensions City's feasibility strategies, including forestry, green roofs, high-albedo surfaces. Heat simulated fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale...
Abstract According to observations of hurricanes located relatively close the land, intense and persistent lightning takes place within a 250–300-km radius ring around hurricane center, whereas activity in eyewall only during comparatively short periods usually attributed replacement. The mechanism responsible for formation maximum flash density at tropical cyclone (TC) periphery is not well understood as yet. In this study it hypothesized that TC arises under influence small continental...
A new spectral bin microphysical scheme (SBM) was implemented into the Weather Research and Forecasting model referred to as Fast‐SBM, which uses a smaller number of size distribution functions than original version Exact‐SBM. It shown that both schemes produced similar dynamical structure squall line simulated. An excellent agreement in simulated precipitation amounts between found within range cloud condensation nuclei concentrations from 100 3000 cm −3 . The Fast‐SBM requires about 40%...
Abstract A new prognostic, spatially and temporally dependent variable is introduced to the Weather Research Forecasting Model (WRF). This called potential electrical energy (Ep). It was used predict dynamic contribution of grid-scale-resolved microphysical vertical velocity fields production cloud-to-ground intracloud lightning in convection-allowing forecasts. The source Ep assumed be noninductive charge separation process involving collisions graupel ice particles presence supercooled...
Idealized numerical simulations of Florida convection are performed with a coupled atmosphere–land surface model to identify the roles initial soil moisture, coastline curvature, and land-breeze circulations on sea-breeze-initiated precipitation. The 3D Goddard Cumulus Ensemble cloud-resolving is Parameterization for Land–Atmosphere–Cloud Exchange land model, thus providing tool simulate more realistically surface–atmosphere interaction convective initiation. Eight conducted either straight...
Abstract A new approach to simulating the urban environment with a mesocale model has been developed identify efficient strategies for mitigating increases in surface air temperatures associated heat island (UHI). key step this process is define “global” roughness cityscape and use diagnose 10-m temperature, moisture, winds within an atmospheric model. This information used calculate local exchange coefficients different city types (each their own “local roughness” lengths); each surface’s...
Projections from general circulation model (GCM) simulations must be downscaled to the high spatial resolution needed for assessing local and regional impacts of climate change, but uncertainties in downscaling process are difficult quantify. We employed a multiple linear regression MM5 dynamical downscale June, July, August monthly mean surface temperature over eastern North America under greenhouse gas‐driven change simulation by NASA GISS GCM. Here we examine potential sources apparent...
Abstract. The feasibility of hurricane modification was investigated for Katrina using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). possible impact seeding clouds with submicron cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) on structure intensity as measured by nearly halving area covered force winds simulated "turning–off" warm rain formation in at Katrina's periphery (where wind speeds were less than 22 m s−1). This simplification simulation aerosol effects is aimed evaluating largest response....
Abstract. This study presents the results from two sets of 18-year air quality simulations over Northeastern US performed with a regional photochemical modeling system. These utilize different lateral boundary conditions, one corresponding to time-invariant climatological vertical profile and other derived monthly mean concentrations extracted archived ECHAM5-MOZART global simulations. The objective is provide illustrative examples how model performance in several key aspects – trends,...