The objective of this survey was to assess the relationships between intestinal parasitism, nutritional status and hemoglobin level in children with Indian ascendancy living an urban area Brazilian Amazon. We carried out a cross-sectional obtaining anthropometric, parasitological socioeconomic data, measurements aged six 84 months. Anthropometric data were expressed as z-scores for weight age (WAZ), height (HAZ), (WHZ) mid upper circumference (MUACZ) parameters. Parasitological examinations...

: Brazil introduced universal antirotavirus vaccination in March 2006. This article reports the results of rotavirus A (RV-A) surveillance from January 2005 to December 2009.: total 6109 fecal samples were collected 18 Brazilian states. RV-A was detected by enzyme immunoassay and/or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and genotyped through seminested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.: 20.3% (n = 1242) samples. Among children less than 2 years old, regardless status, rates...

This 15-year study aimed to determine the role of main viruses responsible for acute infantile gastroenteritis cases in a day care center city Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From 1994 2008, 539 fecal samples were obtained from 23 outbreaks as well sporadic that occurred this period. The detection Rotavirus group A (RVA), norovirus (NoV) and astrovirus (AstV) was investigated both by classical molecular methods viral detection. RVA detected enzymatic immune assay and/or polyacrylamide gel...

Chagas disease (CD) remains an important endemic in Latin America. However, CD became globalized recent decades. The majority of the chronically infected individuals did not receive etiologic treatment for several reasons, among them most conspicuous is lack access to diagnosis. impact trypanocidal on chronic phase, without cardiac involvement (indeterminate form ICF), yet be determined. We aimed evaluate effect with benznidazole (BZN) rate progression heart patients ICF.This a retrospective...

The role of noroviruses (NoV) as a cause gastroenteritis outbreaks is well documented; however, the importance NoV infections in hospitalized children not established. aim this study was to determine prevalence and genetic diversity children.Three-hundred eighteen fecal samples were collected from January December 2004, with acute 3 public hospitals Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. carried out by using genome amplification sequencing polymerase capsid genes.NoV detected 65 (20%) samples, which 11...

Abstract Brazil introduced rotavirus vaccination in March 2006. We studied 133 rotavirus-positive fecal samples collected from February 2005 through December 2007. Genotype G2P[4] was found 1.4% of 2005, 44% 2006, and 96% Rotavirus detection rate decreased 38% to 24% 2007 (p = 0.012).

Chagas disease was investigated in four periurban areas of Ceará state, northeastern Brazil, through serological, parasitological and molecular methods humans, reservoirs vectors. A cross-sectional survey revealed a seroprevalence rate 1.2% (13/1076 residents, six also proving positive PCR). Trypanosoma cruzi infection not detected children under 10 years old. Triatoma pseudomaculata prevailed the peridomiciles: 63 specimens, 69% (34/49) infected with trypanosomatids. Rhodnius nasutus...

Many countries have reported an increase in the incidence of pertussis, which has become a global public health concern. In this study, epidemiology pertussis Brazil was assessed retrospectively using surveillance data gathered from case notification forms 2007 to 2014. From 2014, 80,068 suspected cases were Brazil. Of these, 24,612 (32 %) confirmed by various criteria. The annual distribution demonstrated significant rate since 2012. A seasonal pattern occur most frequently between end...

Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is a chronic reproductive disease in cattle, often causing significant economic losses, and commonly associated with leptospiral strains belonging to the Sejroe serogroup. A two-step protocol was recommended, based on serological screening of herds followed by an individual diagnosis PCR sample. Although proposed, it has not been applied under field conditions, leading frustrating outcomes control. In that context, present study aimed demonstrate viability...

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global public health importance caused by bacteria the genus Leptospira. Small non-flying mammals are important reservoirs pathogen. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot located in densely populated area and subject to intense degradation. Although documented through serosurveys detection leptospiral DNA wild small mammals, no study has performed genetic characterization region. present aimed evaluate diversity pathogenic leptospires...

Cryptococcosis is a human fungal infection of significant mortality and morbidity, especially in the meningoencephalitis form. distributed worldwide its agents, C. neoformans gattii, present eight major molecular types-VNI-VNIV VGI-VGIV respectively. The primary cryptococcosis caused by type VGII (serotype B, MAT alpha) prevails immunocompetent patients North Northeast Brazil, revealing an endemic regional pattern to this type. Since 1999, gattii has been involved ongoing outbreak Canada,...

Brazil introduced the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix®) in 2006. This study aimed to assess epidemiology and genotype distribution of species-A (RVA) Brazil, comparing pre- post-vaccination periods.Laboratory-based RVA surveillance included 866 municipalities 22 Brazilian states, over a 21-year period. A total 16,185 children with diarrheal diseases (DD) aged up 12 years between 1996 2005 (pre-vaccination period, n = 7030) from 2006 2017 (post-vaccination 9155) were enrolled. was...

(1) Background: Dogs are known as hosts of Leptospira interrogans and can spread this bacterium to the environment. Although Canicola is responsible for determining chronic disease in dogs, when affected by incidental serogroups such Icterohaemorrhagiae, acute may occur with a predominance clinical signs hepatic renal changes. In endemic areas, it serious public health problem. Thus, study aims estimate incidence duration elimination leptospires urine taking another step from previous our...

The goal of this survey was to estimate the seroprevalence Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iauareté, a multiethnic Indian community upper Rio Negro basin. We carried out cross-sectional (n = 260), order obtain serum samples and demographic data. sample randomly selected, by family conglomerate analysis. Serodiagnosis performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indirect immunofluorescence. Prevalence reactivity 73.5% (191/260), being higher older-age groups, reaching 95.7% (44/46) group...

Epidemiological data on species A rotavirus (RVA) infections have demonstrated the genetic diversity of strains circulating worldwide. Many G and P genotype combinations been described over years, varying regionally temporally, especially in developing countries. However, most common identified RVA human worldwide are G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8] G9P[8]. G1P[8] responsible for more than 50% child component two vaccines (Rotarix® [RV1] RotaTeq® [RV5]) licensed globally. For a better...

This study aimed to estimate the frequency, associated factors, and molecular characterisation of Entamoeba histolytica, dispar, moshkovskii, andEntamoeba hartmanni infections. We performed a survey (n = 213 subjects) obtain parasitological, sanitation, sociodemographic data. Faecal samples were processed through flotation centrifugation methods.E. E. identified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall prevalence infection was 22/213 (10.3%). rate among subjects who drink...

A gastroenteritis outbreak that occurred in 2013 a low-income community Rio de Janeiro was investigated for the presence of enteric viruses, including species rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV), astrovirus (HAstV), bocavirus (HBoV), aichivirus (AiV), and adenovirus (HAdV). Five nine stool samples (83%) from patients were positive HAdV, no other viruses detected. Polymerase chain reaction products sequenced subjected to phylogenetic analysis, which revealed four strains one strain non-enteric...

To determine the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of human sapovirus (SaV) in both wastewater stool samples a 3-year (2012-2014) surveillance study performed Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.A total 156 341 were analysed using quantitative real-time PCR. SaV was detected 3·5% (12/341) with virus load concentrations ranging from 10(4) to 10(9) genome copies per gram (gc g(-1) ), 33·0% (51/156) samples, range concentration varying 10(6) gc l(-1) . Partial sequencing revealed circulation...

Cryptococcosis, a potentially fatal mycosis in humans, is acquired via exposure to exogenous environmental sources. This study aimed investigate the frequency, genetic diversity, and virulence of cryptococcal strains isolated from indoor dust Rio Negro micro-region Brazilian Amazon. A total 8.9% studied houses were positive, recovering nine Cryptococcus neoformans VNI 16 C. gattii VGII isolates, revealing an endemic pattern domestic microenvironments. The International Society for Human...

Abstract Human astrovirus (HAstV) is an important pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis mainly in children up to 5 years old worldwide. A total of 318 fecal samples were collected from January December 2004 with hospitalized Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. The obtained three public hospitals and previously investigated for the presence rotavirus (RV) enteric adenovirus (AdV). aim this study was determine prevalence molecular characterization HAstV by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain...

We assessed some ecological parameters of Triatoma brasiliensis in rock piles the state Ceará during rainy and dry seasons. The greatest density was April (median = 12.5 triatomines/site). abundance December, when insects were more dispersed per site lower (6 nutritional status females 5th instar nymphs increased July. rate T. cruzi infection reached its highest peak July (10.9%). ELISA revealed that principal food sources birds (33.1%), followed by armadillos (18.8%). Food frequently...